Child labour had existed before the Industrial Revolution, but with the increase in population and education it became more visible.

The ILO ’ s International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour ( IPEC ) was created in 1992 with the overall goal of the progressive elimination of child labour, which was to be achieved through strengthening the capacity of countries to deal with the problem and promoting a worldwide movement to combat child labour.

Child labour not only prevents children from acquiring the skills and education they need for a better future, it also perpetuates poverty and affects national economies through losses in competitiveness, productivity and potential income.

* Child labour

* Child labour, the employment of children under an age determined by law or custom

Child labour is the employment of children under an age determined by law or custom.

Child labour was not seen as a problem throughout most of history, only becoming a disputed issue with the beginning of universal schooling and the concepts of labourers ' and children's rights.

Child labour can be factory work, mining or quarrying, agriculture, helping in the parents ' business, having one's own small business ( for example selling food ), or doing odd jobs.

Child labour, often brought about by economic hardship, played an important role in the Industrial Revolution from its outset: Charles Dickens, for example, worked at the age of 12 in a blacking factory, with his family in a debtors ' prison.

* Child labour

Category: Child labour

Forced or compulsory recruitment of anyone under the age of 18 for use in armed conflict, is one of the predefined worst forms of child labour, deemed a form of slavery, in terms of the International Labour Organisation's Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999, adopted in 1999.

Category: Child labour

* Child labour

Category: Child labour

Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.

Child labour was employed to varying extents through most of history.

Child labour can also be defined as the full-time employment of children who are under a minimum legal age.

Child labour played an important role in the Industrial Revolution from its outset, often brought about by economic hardship.

Child labour laws may be violated.

* Child labour

Child labour

Category: Child labour

The anthracite coal mining industry, and its extensive use of child labor in the early part of the twentieth century, was one of the industries targeted by the National Child Labor Committee and its hired photographer, Lewis Hine.

Child laborers in the coal mines of Appalachia began this trend, with newspaper carriers, soon following.

Child coal miners in West Virginia, 1908

* 1916 – Child labor: In South Carolina, the minimum working age for factory, mill, and mine workers is raised from twelve to fourteen years old.

* Sov du vesle barnet mitt ( Sleep you little Child of mine ) ( 2000 )

* National Child Abuse Prevention Month ( United States )

With the passing of NCLB in the United States ( No Child Left Behind ), teachers must be highly qualified.

This matter has been the subject of a number of cases before the Supreme Court, most notably Kansas v. Hendricks and United States v. Comstock in regard to the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, which does not require a conviction on sex offences, but only that the person be in federal custody and be deemed a " sexually dangerous person ".

He also may have painted the Madonna and Child with John the Baptist, known as the Manchester Madonna and now in the National Gallery, London, United Kingdom.

FARC-EP Commander Simón Trinidad has stated that FARC does not allow the enlistment of people under 15 years of age, arguing that this is in accordance with Article 38 of the United Nations ' Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The declaration has served as the foundation for two binding UN human rights covenants, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the principles of the Declaration are elaborated in international treaties such as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Convention Against Torture and many more.

* November 20 – The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations.

** United Nations Secretary General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the International Year of the Child.

* January 9 – The Music for UNICEF Concert is held at the United Nations General Assembly to raise money for UNICEF and promote the Year of the Child.

The Santorum Amendment was a failed proposed amendment to the 2001 education funding bill ( which became known as the No Child Left Behind Act ), proposed by Republican Rick Santorum ( who was at that time the United States Senator for Pennsylvania ), which promoted the teaching of intelligent design while questioning the academic standing of evolution in U. S. public schools.

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ( commonly abbreviated as the CRC, CROC, or UNCRC ) is a human rights treaty setting out the civil, political, economic, social, health and cultural rights of children.

Once a year, the Committee submits a report to the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly, which also hears a statement from the CRC Chair, and the Assembly adopts a Resolution on the Rights of the Child.

Governments of countries that have ratified the Convention are required to report to, and appear before, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child periodically to be examined on their progress with regards to the advancement of the implementation of the Convention and the status of child rights in their country.

The United Kingdom ratified the Convention on 16 December 1991, with several declarations and reservations, and made its first report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child in January 1995.

* Procedural history, related documents and photos on the Convention on the Rights of the Child ( with protocols ) in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law

On a regular basis, the CSUCS contributes research reports to the United Nations Security Council, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, and less frequently, to the European Union.

In " Much Apu About Nothing " ( 1996 ), Moe is depicted taking his United States citizenship test ; previously, " Bart's Inner Child " ( 1995 ) had depicted Moe's own inner child chastising him for abandoning his native Italian accent.

Unlike the systems of most other countries, education in the United States is highly decentralized, and the federal government and Department of Education are not heavily involved in determining curricula or educational standards ( with the recent exception of the No Child Left Behind Act ).

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 38, ( 1989 ) proclaimed: " State parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure that persons who have not attained the age of 15 years do not take a direct part in hostilities.

International law does not prohibit the prosecution of children who commit war crimes, but the article 37 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child does limit the punishment that a child can receive including " Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without possibility of release shall be imposed for offences committed by persons below eighteen years of age.

Child soldiers are fighting with the Chadian Military, integrated rebel forces-the United Front for Democratic Change ( Front Uni pour le Changement, FUC ), local self-defense forces known as Tora Boro militias, and two Sudanese rebel movements operating in Chad-the Justice and Equality Movement ( JEM ) and the G-19 faction of the Sudanese Liberation Army ( SLA ).

In Armies of the Young: Child Soldiers in War and Terrorism anthropologist David M. Rosen discusses the murders, rapes, tortures, and the thousands of amputations committed by Small Boys Unit of the Revolutionary United Front ( RUF ) during Sierra Leone's civil war (( 1991-2001.

Following ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in most countries, terms such as " custody " and " access " ( known as " visitation " in the United States ) have been superseded by the concepts of " residence " and " contact ".