The main approaches in applying tests in these domains have been Classical Test Theory and the more recent Item Response Theory and Rasch measurement models.

" Other prestigious architectural awards are the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, the Richard H. Driehaus Prize for Classical Architecture, the Alvar Aalto Medal ( Finland ), the Carlsberg Architecture Prize ( Denmark ), and the Governor General's Awards ( Canada ).

Classical Arminianism, which sees Arminius as the main contributor, and Wesleyan Arminianism, which sees John Wesley as the main contributor, are the two main outlooks on how the system is realistic in detail.

The Amazons (, Amazónes, singular, Amazōn ) are a nation of all-female warriors in Greek mythology and Classical antiquity.

Among Classical Greeks, amazon was given a popular etymology as from a-mazos, " without breast ", connected with an etiological tradition that Amazons had their left breast cut off or burnt out, so they would be able to use a bow more freely and throw spears without the physical limitation and obstruction ; there is no indication of such a practice in works of art, in which the Amazons are always represented with both breasts, although the left is frequently covered ( see photos in article ).

Various conflicting accounts are given in Classical Greek mythology of the birth of Artemis and her twin brother, Apollo.

Beethoven changes the usual pattern of Classical symphonies in placing the scherzo movement before the slow movement ( in symphonies, slow movements are usually placed before scherzi ).

Classical particles with this energy distribution are said to obey Maxwell – Boltzmann statistics.

Classical Chinese astronomy is recorded in the Han period and appears in the form of three schools, which are attributed to astronomers of the Zhanguo period.

The dates of the Classical period in Western music are generally accepted as being between about 1750 and 1820.

Bach and Gluck are often considered to be founders of the Classical style.

* Classical fingerboards are normally flat and without inlaid fret markers, or just have dot inlays on the side of the neck — steel string fingerboards usually have a slight radius and inlays.

Classical approximations to the potential energy surface are employed, as they are computationally less intensive than electronic calculations, to enable longer simulations of molecular dynamics.

Classical liberalism holds that individual rights are natural, inherent, or inalienable, and exist independently of government.

They are the Assakenoi and Aspasioi of the Classical writings, and the Ashvakayanas and Ashvayanas in Pāṇini's Ashtadhyayi.

For example, in one of the Four Great Classical Novels of China, The Dream of the Red Chamber ( believed to be a semi-autobiographical account of author Cao Xueqin's own family life ), three generations of the Jia family are supported by one favorite concubine of the Emperor.

The Letters are available in the Loeb Classical Library, translated by Allen Rogers Benner and Francis H. Fobes ( 1949 ).

Whilst critical theorists usually are defined as Marxist intellectuals, their tendency to denounce Marxist concepts, and to synthesise Marxian analysis with other sociologic and philosophic traditions has been attacked as revisionism, by Classical, Orthodox, and Analytical Marxists, and by Marxist-Leninist philosophers.

Today clavichords are played primarily by Renaissance, Baroque, and Classical music enthusiasts.

Classical objects are defined as not resonant and not being currently scattered by Neptune.

Since there are no punctuation marks in Classical Chinese, it can be difficult to conclusively determine where one sentence ends and the next begins.

Classical training methods vary by country: many of the major European countries are associated with specific methods ( e. g., the Edouard Nanny method in France or the Franz Simandl method in Germany ).

Classical analog filters are IIR filters, and classical filter theory centers on the determination of transfer functions given by low order rational functions, which can be synthesized using the same small number of reactive components.

Classical empiricists generally held that such reports are indubitable and incorrigible and therefore worthy of serving as epistemologically basic propositions.

In the written style known as kanbun, which is the Japanese approximation of Classical Chinese, small marks called kunten are sometimes added as reading aids.

( This convention is obviously restricted to cultures influenced by European Classical culture.

Classical thermodynamics can consider irreversible processes, but its account in exact terms is restricted to variables that refer only to initial and final states of thermodynamic equilibrium, or to rates of input and output that do not change with time.

# It is forbidden under penalty of death that any one, whoever he be, shall be proclaimed emperor word is Khaqan overall Khan, Khan is a leader basically, word is allied to Turkic Kagan and Hebrew Cohen, but in the Classical Mongolian Kagan meant a spiritual leader, and Chinggis Khan was declared a Kagan only once regarded as having passed away, which may even be why he had so many women, in Siberia thought unsuitable for a spiritual man, as to be a Kagan might have restricted him in warfare and worldly affairs unless he has been elected previously by the princes, khans, officers, and other Mongol nobles in a general council.

For example the rule 7. 2. 35 states that i should be prepended to ārdhadhātuka suffixes beginning with a consonant other than y ; an example of such suffix is-tum ( the Classical Sanskrit infinitive ); this rule is restricted by the following sūtras.

The Gorean humans are permitted advanced architectural, agricultural and medical skills ( including life extension ), but are forced to remain primitive in the fields of transportation, communication and weaponry ( at approximately the level of Classical Mediterranean civilization ) due to restrictions on technology imposed by the Priest-Kings.

A vast majority of the humans, or Colonials, are polytheists and believe in the gods of Kobol, whose names and attributes are very similar to those of the Classical gods of Greece and Rome, such as Zeus, Athena, Apollo, Ares or Hera.

Classical conservation created protected areas to protect wilderness and wildlife areas of pristine wilderness that was untouched and uninhabited by humans.

The Classical pathway of activation of the complement system is a group of blood proteins that mediate the specific antibody response.

It is considered part of the Classical era, although depending on the region being studied, other terms may be more proper ( for instance, if regarding only the Eastern Mediterranean, it would best be called part of the Hellenistic period ).

He is classified as a Baroque composer chronologically, although his music was influential in the development of the Classical style.

The contemporary Parthenon, the largest temple in classical Athens, is also in the Doric order, although the sculptural enrichment is more familiar in the Ionic order: the Greeks were never as doctrinaire in the use of the Classical vocabulary as Renaissance theorists or neoclassical architects.

Theatrical drama was very popular amongst the elite and general populace, although Classical Chinese — not the vernacular language — was spoken by actors on stage.

This is somewhat the equivalent of a modern historian trying to write in the English of Shakespeare ( although it is unheard of for a modern academic to write in Elizabethan English, whereas harking back to the language of the Classical past was rather common practice amongst Arrian's contemporaries ).

Classical musicians today do not always maintain this division ( although plucked strings are grouped separately from bowed strings in sheet music ), but there is a distinction made between wind instruments with a reed ( woodwind instruments ) and wind instruments where the air is set in motion directly by the lips ( brass instruments ).

Koine is regarded as a separate historical stage of its own, although in its earlier form it closely resembles the Classical.

Hanja-mal or hanja-eo refers to words which can be written with hanja, and hanmun (, ) refers to Classical Chinese writing, although " hanja " is sometimes used loosely to encompass these other concepts.

Eventually, Japanese literature developed into a separate style in its own right as Japanese writers began writing their own works about Japan, although the influence of Chinese literature and Classical Chinese remained until the end of the Edo period.

These figurines predate, by many thousands of years, the available records of the goddesses listed below as examples of mother goddesses, so although they seem to conform to the same generic type, it is not clear whether they, indeed, were representations of a goddess or whether, if they are, there was any continuity of religion that connects them with Middle Eastern and Classical deities.

In 1948, Vaganova authored a book titled " The Foundation For Dance " ( more commonly known as " Basic Principles of Russian Classical Dance "), although the dance technique described in it had been famous within the ballet world for over three decades.

According to the Cambridge History of Classical Literature, he was probably active in the first half of the 4th century, although some scholars of the 19th and early 20th centuries thought he might have lived later in the 4th or even in the 5th century.

Classical Tibetan was not a tonal language, but some varieties such as Central and Kham Tibetan have developed tone ( although slight ).

Tibetic morphology can generally be described as agglutinative, although Classical Tibetan was largely analytic.

The Han dynasty witnessed major developments in Classical Chinese poems, including both the active role of the imperial government in encouraging poetry through the Music Bureau, an official agency, and through the collection of Han dynasty folk ballads ( although some of these seem to have perhaps been subject to a post-folk literary polishing, as in the case of the Shijing, the amount of editing is not certain ).

It is not a field of science, although the use of the Classical construction ( linking of two Greek or Latin based words ) in English is used to imply that it is a discipline or scientific.

( Classical perspective has no use for this so-called " distortion ", although in fact the " distortions " strictly obey optical laws and provide perfectly valid visual information, just as classical perspective does for the part of the field of vision that falls within its frame.

The term " rhapsody " usually refers to compositions produced within the Western Classical music canon, although composers from other types of music have also resorted to this definition.

* 4 ... 0-0 5. a3 Bxc3 + 6. Qxc3 b6 7. Bg5 is nowadays the main line of the Classical Variation ( although 6 ... b5 !?

Classical ritual immersion and associated requirements are generally not observed by Reform Judaism or Reconstructionist Judaism, with the exception that both generally include immersion as part of the ritual for Conversion to Judaism, although Reform Judaism does not require it.

The original Cecchetti Society still exists in Britain, although it was absorbed into the Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, which continues to maintain the Cecchetti method as a separate entity from its own Imperial Classical Ballet syllabus.

The modern pronunciation of the Greek word " χθόνιος " is, although the Classical Greek pronunciation would have been something similar to.

Carchemish had been previously identified, incorrectly, with the Classical city of Circesium, at the confluence of the Khabur River and the Euphrates, while some early scholars thought that Jarabulus could be Hierapolis Bambyce, although that site is actually located at Manbij in Syria.