At the time IBM didn't believe in the potential of Codd's ideas, leaving the implementation to a group of programmers not under Codd's supervision, who violated several fundamentals of Codd's relational model ; the result was Structured English QUEry Language or SEQUEL.

As a result Codd's " twelve laws of online analytical processing " were explicit in their reference to Essbase.

Starting from relational algebra and first-order logic ( which are equivalent by Codd's theorem ) and the insight that important queries such as graph reachability are not expressible in this language, more powerful language based on logic programming and fixpoint logic such as datalog were studied.

Codd's definition states that a table is in 3NF if and only if both of the following conditions hold:

Instead of records being stored in some sort of linked list of free-form records as in Codasyl, Codd's idea was to use a " table " of fixed-length records.

IBM started working on a prototype system loosely based on Codd's concepts as System R in the early 1970s.

IBM was slow to see the commercial value of Codd's relational database management system ( RDBMS ), allowing Miner and Ellison to beat them to the market.

A memorable statement of Codd's definition of 3NF, paralleling the traditional pledge to give true evidence in a court of law, was given by Bill Kent: " non-key must provide a fact about the key, the whole key, and nothing but the key.

filePro is not a true relational database, because it does not satisfy Codd's 12 rules, although the language does allow looking up data in one file while working in another.

Relational algebra is essentially equivalent in expressive power to relational calculus ( and thus first-order logic ); this result is known as Codd's theorem.

This result is known as Codd's theorem.

Codd's solution to the necessary looping was a set-oriented language, a suggestion that would later spawn the ubiquitous SQL.

In Sweden, Codd's paper was also read and Mimer SQL was developed from the mid-70s at Uppsala University.

Codd's paper resulted from a short consulting assignment which Codd undertook for former Arbor Software ( later Hyperion Solutions, and in 2007 acquired by Oracle ), as a sort of marketing coup.

Codd's twelve rules are a set of thirteen rules ( numbered zero to twelve ) proposed by Edgar F. Codd, a pioneer of the relational model for databases, designed to define what is required from a database management system in order for it to be considered relational, i. e., a relational database management system ( RDBMS ).

New ideas were dangerous and must be repressed, no matter how.

Reading the Old Testament would have shown the dramatist that the ideas attributed to Shylock were abhorrent to the Jews.

Some of the Hetman's `` ideas '' were dream-ridden, vaguely imparted, and at times preposterous.

The Hetman's `` ideas '' for news stories or editorial campaigns were by no means always fruitless or lacking in merit.

In much the same way, we recognize the importance of Shakespeare's familarity with Plutarch and Montaigne, of Shelley's study of Plato's dialogues, and of Coleridge's enthusiastic plundering of the writings of many philosophers and theologians from Plato to Schelling and William Godwin, through which so many abstract ideas were brought to the attention of English men of letters.

If his circumspection in regard to Philip's sensibilities went so far that he even refused to grant a dispensation for the marriage of Amadee's daughter, Agnes, to the son of the dauphin of Vienne -- a truly peacemaking move according to thirteenth-century ideas, for Savoy and Dauphine were as usual fighting on opposite sides -- for fear that he might seem to be favoring the anti-French coalition, he would certainly never take the far more drastic step of ordering the return of Gascony to Edward, even though, as he admitted to the English ambassadors, he had been advised that the original cession was invalid.

These basic ideas concerning the nature of religion were, Adams believed, some of the major keys to the understanding of history and the movement of society.

These errors were then collected and written on a blackboard, condensing similar ideas.

Many potters clung to the past the more determinedly as they were confronted with radically new ideas ; ;

So, too, was the insistence on the relativity of the external world, and the ideas that language and things perceived by consciousness were poor substitutes indeed for immediate perception by pure, indwelling spirit: the opposition of pure consciousness to ratiocinating consciousness.

His ideas had a great influence on post-Archaic art, and the Greek architects and sculptors were always trying to find the mathematical relation, that would lead to the esthetic perfection.

The concept that matter is composed of discrete units and cannot be divided into arbitrarily tiny quantities has been around for millennia, but these ideas were founded in abstract, philosophical reasoning rather than experimentation and empirical observation.

They were works of devotional contemplation in which the musical design corresponded to literary ideas, conceived visually.

Even though this period-known in its earlier part as the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period-in its latter part was fraught with chaos and bloody battles, it is also known as the Golden Age of Chinese philosophy because a broad range of thoughts and ideas were developed and discussed freely.

These ideas were found in a number of Kabbalistic works from the 13th century, and also among many mystics in the late 16th century.

His own ideas, especially those expressed in his masterworks, French Rural History ( Les caractères originaux de l ' histoire rurale française, 1931 ) and Feudal Society, were incorporated by the second-generation Annalistes, led by Fernand Braudel.

Schuster's ideas were not a serious theoretical proposal, merely speculation, and like the previous ideas, differed from the modern concept of antimatter in that it possessed negative gravity.

These " conversations " as he called them, were more or less informal talks on a great range of topics, spiritual, aesthetic and practical, in which he emphasized the ideas of the school of American Transcendentalists led by Emerson, who was always his supporter and discreet admirer.

Alcott's ideas as an educator were controversial.

From the other perspective, Alcott's unique teaching ideas created an environment which produced two famous daughters in different fields, in a time when women were not commonly encouraged to have independent careers.

However, these ideas were never developed before Commodore filed for bankruptcy.

In his autobiography, he says that the only religious ideas that appealed to him were those to be found in Hindu philosophical thought.

This letter and successive parts were distributed from Bangor ( see External Links below ): in an informal manner, as a kind of diary, Grothendieck explained and developed his ideas on the relationship between algebraic homotopy theory and algebraic geometry and prospects for a noncommutative theory of stacks.

Another problem is that Dutton's categories seek to universalise traditional European notions of aesthetics and art forgetting that, as André Malraux and others have pointed out, there have been large numbers of cultures in which such ideas ( including the idea " art " itself ) were non-existent.

We had entertained exaggerated ideas about our victory automatically establishing our system throughout the world.

Aristotle ( ca 350 BC ) was one of the first in recorded history to make a formal distinction between ordinary law and constitutional law, establishing ideas of constitution and constitutionalism, and attempting to classify different forms of constitutional government.

According to Moore's recounting, AIM impressed the UK which imported these ideas when establishing in 1969 The Open University, which initially relied on radio and television broadcasts for much of its delivery.

Newman lost no time in establishing the renowned Royal Society Computing Machine Laboratory at the University and recruited the engineers Frederic Calland Williams and Thomas Kilburn where they built the world's first electronic stored-program digital computer based on Turing's ideas.

In addition to his highly successful publishing business, Gollancz was a prolific writer on a variety of subjects, and put his ideas into action by establishing campaigning groups.

The school holds that human reason in and by itself was not capable of establishing with absolute certainty any truth-claim with respect to morality, the physical world, or metaphysical ideas.

Whewell was one of the Cambridge dons whom Charles Darwin met during his education there, and after the Beagle voyage when Darwin was at the very start of The Origin of Species Darwin placed a citation from Whewell's Bridgewater Treatise showing his ideas to be founded on a natural theology of a creator establishing laws:

If the self-determination of nationalities is to be the principle, the interference of France in the selection of advisers by the Arab Government and the suggestion by France of the Emirs to be selected by the Arabs in Mosul, Aleppo, and Damascus would seem utterly incompatible with our ideas of liberating the Arab nation and of establishing a free and independent Arab State.

Yamada Akiyoshi was the strongest leader out of the four and was mainly responsibly for establishing Japan's modern military using Ōmura's ideas.

Yamada promoted Ōmura's ideas by establishing new military academies that taught Ōmura's ways.

In more open societies artists often find public art useful in promoting their ideas or establishing a censorship-free means of contact with viewers.

The appeals court almost entirely affirmed the ruling of the district court, establishing that, " almost all the similarities spring either from the license or from basic ideas and their obvious expression ... illicit copying could occur only if the works as a whole are virtually identical.

As noted earlier Gass claims to construct self-contained systems of ideas, but in these interviews, one can trace a growing concern with the relationship of his fiction to the world, as he makes clear to LeClair: " I've been principally interested in establishing the relationship between fiction and the world.

On his recovery he proceeded to Paris, and, establishing a modest studio in the rue de Université, began carefully to work out the ideas which had been slowly shaping themselves in his mind.

Their ideas used recent achievements in biological fisheries modelling, primarily the works by Schaefer ( 1957 ) on establishing a formal relationship between fishing activities and biological growth through mathematical modelling confirmed by empirical studies, and also relates itself to ecology and the environment and resource protection.

He put forward the idea of establishing a British Protectorate over Palestine in 1915 and his ideas influenced the Balfour Declaration.

Another Zionist thinker, A. D. Gordon, was influenced by the völkisch ideas of European romantic nationalism, and proposed establishing a society of Jewish peasants.

Tennessee became his base of operation: " In establishing the magazine ( in Mount Juliet ), as an independent publication, the flag of revolutionary thought is planted on Southern soil, and a residence of a lifetime in this section convinces me that it will be a fruitful field for libertarian ideas, if the right methods are used to present them.

The Futurist poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, along these lines, said “ After seeing electricity, I lost interest in nature .” Marinetti and other Futurists glorified war and violence as a way to revolution — bringing freedom, establishing new ideas, and rallying one to fight for ones own people — and as war was shaping up in Europe, many saw it and encouraged a way to “ purify ” the culture and destroy old, obsolete elements of society.

In the USA, students are also typically introduced to the concept of social studies with an emphasis on establishing ideas of history or civics in either a personal or in a larger sense.

Nicholls and Selwyn both appear to have concurred that the school should embrace a variety of concepts and popular ideas originating from the Swiss born Heinrich Pestalozzi ( 1746 – 1827 ) in that they were establishing a school for destitute children of a self-supporting type based on agricultural means.

According to Jespersen, interlinguistics is ” that branch of the science of language which deals with the structure and basic ideas of all languages with the view to the establishing of a norm for interlanguages, i. e. auxiliary languages destined for oral and written use between people who cannot make themselves understood by means of their mother tongues ”.

Further, it considers the role of the law-givers like Manu in establishing the supremacy of the idealist traditions, and how due to the censor and censure anti-idealists like Varahamihira and Brahmagupta worked out their philosophies in distinctive Aesopian language, developing their own modes of camouflaging their ideas.

After the fall of the Second French Empire in 1870, he rallied the " conservative republican " ideas of his friend Adolphe Thiers, and thus considerably eased the vote by the centre right of the constitutional laws of 1875, establishing a Republic in France.