** Eunectes murinus, the green anaconda, the largest species, is found east of the Andes in Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and on the island of Trinidad.

* 1948 – In Bogotá, Colombia, the Organization of American States is established.

* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.

* 1989 – Leading presidential hopeful Luis Carlos Galán is assassinated near Bogotá in Colombia.

The Cinque Ports did indeed later founder off the coast of what is present-day Colombia.

The brew, first described academically in the early 1950s by Harvard ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes, who found it employed for divinatory and healing purposes by the native peoples of Amazonian Colombia, is known by a number of different names ( see below ).

Ayahuasca is the Hispanicized spelling of a word in the Quechua languages, which are spoken in the Andean states of Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia.

About 15 % of the population is foreign, most of them immigrants from Argentina, Ecuador, and Colombia who have arrived in the previous 10 years.

The Politics of Colombia take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Colombia is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.

Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives of Colombia.

Colombia ’ s mobile market is one of the fastest-growing businesses in the country.

Colombia is still far behind Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina in terms of online usage.

Transport in Colombia is regulated by the Ministry of Transport.

It is also one of the oldest standing bridges in Colombia.

The security of the highways in Colombia is managed by the Highway Police unit of the Colombian National Police.

In 1549, the institution of the Audiencia in Santa Fe de Bogotá gave that city the status of capital of New Granada, which comprised in large part what is now territory of Colombia.

In 1969, Colombia formed what is now the Andean Community along with Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru ( Venezuela joined in 1973, and Chile left in 1976 ).

Membership in International Organizations: The major organizations in which Colombia is a member include: the Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, Andean Pact, Caribbean Development Bank, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Group of 3, Group of 11, Group of 24, Group of 77, Inter-American Development Bank, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Chamber of Commerce, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Criminal Police Organization, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Labour Organization, International Maritime Organization, International Maritime Satellite Organization, International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), International Olympic Committee, International Organization for Migration, International Organization for Standardization, International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, International Trade Union Confederation, Latin American Economic System, Latin American Integration Association, Latin Union, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of American States ( OAS ), Permanent Court of Arbitration, Rio Group, United Nations ( UN ), UN Conference on Trade and Development, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UN Industrial Development Organization, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, Universal Postal Union, World Confederation of Labour, World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, World Meteorological Organization, World Tourism Organization, and World Trade Organization.

Defense treaties to which Colombia is a party include the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance of 1947 ( the Rio Treaty ).

Colombia is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the United States-military ( as covered under Article 98 ).

It is bordered by Mexico to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the east, the North Pacific Ocean to the west, and Colombia to the south-east.

A fossil toad ( specimen UCMP 41159 ) from the La Venta fauna of the late Miocene of Colombia is indistinguishable from modern cane toads from northern South America.

Carlos Alberto Valderrama Palacio (; born September 2, 1961 in Santa Marta, Colombia ), also known as El Pibe (" The Kid ") is a former Colombian football player.

After stopovers in Martinique, Santo Domingo, Cartagena ( Colombia ), they came to Panama where they crossed the continent.

The next day, Bret again crossed into Venezuela, and traveled into Colombia.

The most convincing recent measurement of an anaconda was made in eastern Colombia by Roberto Lamon, a petroleum geologist of the Richmond Oil Company, and reported in 1944 by Emmett R. Dunn.

Image: Nevado del Ruiz by Edgar. png | Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia

* 1539 – Re-founding of the city of Bogotá, New Granada ( now Colombia ), by Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcázar.

The friar Diego de Landa reported about Yucatán instances, and there have been similar reports by Purchas from Popayán, Colombia, and from the Marquesas Islands of Polynesia, where human flesh was called long pig.

With the independence and the influences of the European Industrial Revolution the main way of transport in Colombia became the navigation mainly through the Magdalena River which connected Honda in inland Colombia, with Barranquilla by the Caribbean sea to the trade with the United States and Europe.

The industrialization process and transportation in Colombia were affected by the internal civil wars that surged after the independence from Spain and that continued throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.

All public airports in Colombia are managed and controlled by the Special Administrative Unit of Civil Aeronautics.

Colombia was discovered by Europeans when the first expedition of Alonso de Ojeda arrived at the Cabo de la Vela in 1499.

With the arrival of news in May 1810 that southern Spain had been conquered by Napoleon's forces, that the Spanish Supreme Central Junta had dissolved itself, declarations of independence in Quito ( 1809 ), Gran Colombia ( 1810 ), Venezuela and Paraguay ( 1811 ) and other territories, established their own governments.

The military has seized power three times in Colombia's history: in 1830, after the dissolution of Great Colombia ; again in 1854 ( by General José María Melo ); and from 1953 to 1957 ( under General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla ).

Additionally, the growing severity of countrywide guerrilla attacks by the FARC and ELN, and smaller movements, as well as the growth of drug production, corruption and the spread of even more violent paramilitary groups such as the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia ( AUC ) has made it difficult to solve the country's problems.

Colombia was a participant in the December 1994 and April 1998 Summits of the Americas and followed up on initiatives developed at the summit by hosting two post-summit, ministerial-level meetings on trade and science and technology.

In May 2007, a series of reports on national Colombia news reported more than 300 dead sheep in the region of Boyaca, and the capture of a possible specimen to be analyzed by zoologists at the National University of Colombia.

The insects that spread the disease are known by various local names, including vinchuca in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Paraguay, barbeiro ( the barber ) in Brazil, pito in Colombia, chinche in Central America, chipo in Venezuela, chupança, chinchorro, and " the kissing bug ".

Sculpture of a native man standing at the entrance of Fusagasugá, Colombia over the PanAm Highway

The southern part of the highway begins in northwestern Colombia, from where it follows Colombia Highway 62 to Medellín.

At Medellín, Colombia Highway 54 leads to Bogotá, but Colombia Highway 25 turns south for a more direct route.

Colombia Highway 72 is routed southwest from Bogotá to join Highway 25 at Murillo.

One branch, known as the Simón Bolívar Highway, runs from Bogotá ( Colombia ) to Guiria ( Venezuela ).

It begins by using Colombia Highway 71 all the way to the border with Venezuela.

The Pan-American Highway begins its path through South America in Colombia.

Cali represents a major junction between Buenaventura and two northern spurs of the Pan-American Highway that connect from northern Colombia and Venezuela.

The main route of the Pan-American Highway in Colombia ( starting from the northeast ) begins just east of the city of Cúcuta.

At Pamplona, the Pan-American Highway shifts to Colombia Route 66 for 45 km as it reaches the border with the department of Santander.

From Bucaramanga, the Pan-American Highway switches from Colombia Route 66 to Colombia Route 45A, which it follows south by southwest to the town of Barbosa.

At Tunja, the Pan-American Highway switches highway route numberings once again, this time returning to Colombia Route 55.

In Bogotá, the Pan-American Highway crosses from the north to the southwest portion of the city, switching from Colombia Route 55 to Colombia Route 40, continuing as a toll road.

At Buga, Colombia Route 40 splits west toward the city of Buenaventura and the Pacific Ocean ; the Pan-American Highway on Route 25 continues south for another 42 km until arriving near the town of Palmira.

The Pan-American Highway continues south along Colombia Route 25 throughout its length in the department of Cauca.

From the Nariño departmental border, the Pan-American Highway continues south as Colombia Route 25.