* The Idiots Abroad: The Brothers are split up attempting to travel to Colombia hoping to score on cheap dope down there, yet none of them manages to even just reach Bogotá ; Fat Freddy accidentally joins a group of nuclear terrorists in Scotland before disrupting the International Workers ' Day military parade in Moscow, USSR and being subsequently sold to slavery in Africa, Franklin is almost killed by a native apocalyptic South American cult before joining a group of pirates, while Phineas ends up in Mecca and becomes the world's richest man after founding a new religion.

Patarroyo studied medicine at the National University of Colombia, received a scholarship to Yale University, and subsequently, he took a Postdoctoral stay from Rockefeller University in New York.

In the Copa Libertadores 2007, they made it to the round of 16, where they were subsequently eliminated by Cúcuta Deportivo from Colombia.

He subsequently served as ambassador to countries including Colombia and Cambodia, before taking his present post.

Ecuador's President Rafael Correa withdrew his government's ambassador in Bogotá, Colombia, and ordered troops to the country's border following a Colombian raid against leftist rebels inside Ecuador March 2, 2008.

Also, FIFA's decision to award the hosting of the 1986 FIFA World Cup to Mexico after Colombia withdrew, rather than the U. S., is considered a factor in the NASL's demise.

The first uprising against Spanish rule took place in 1809, but only in 1822 did Ecuador fully gain independence and became part of Gran Colombia, from which it withdrew in 1830.

On 11 April 2007, Colombia officially withdrew its bid, Francisco Santos Calderón the vice president of Colombia announced that instead Colombia would be hosting the 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup.

Bolivia, and Colombia ( a new CONMEBOL member ) withdrew from the tournament.

Venezuela and Ecuador withdrew ( 1830 ) from Gran Colombia ; the Central American Federation collapsed ( 1838 ); Argentina and Brazil fought continually over Uruguay, and then all three combined in the Paraguayan War ( 1865 – 70 ) to defeat Paraguay ; and in the War of the Pacific ( 1879 – 83 ), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia.

Bolivia, and Colombia withdrew from the tournament.

Colombia – member since 1936 – withdrew again from the tournament, as well as Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil.

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Paraguay withdrew from the tournament.

Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, withdrew from the tournament.

The participating countries were Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Uruguay. Paraguay, and Peru, withdrew from the tournament.

A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above, but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (" cloud forests ") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.

For some communities such as in Papua New Guinea and South America ( except Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Bolivia ), spiders are included in traditional foods.

The indigenous peoples in Colombia used and some continue to use the water ways as the way of transportation using rafts and canoes.

Due to the rough terrain of Colombia communications between regions was difficult and affected the effectiveness of the central government creating isolation in some regions.

, two years after its implementation began, the security situation of inside Colombia has shown some measure of an improvement and the economy, while still fragile, has also shown some positive signs according to observers, but relatively little has yet to have been accomplished in structurally solving most of the country's other grave problems, possibly in part due to legislative and political conflicts between the administration and the Colombian Congress ( including those over the controversial project to eventually re-elect Uribe ), and a relative lack of freely allocated funds and credits.

Only after independence from Colombia in 1903 did some begin to regard Panama as a North or Central American entity.

Rhodnius prolixus is the principal vector in Colombia, Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras and some parts of Nicaragua and El Salvador.

Territorial disputes with Colombia over the Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank ; with respect to the maritime boundary question in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua likely would be required ; maritime boundary dispute with Honduras in the Caribbean Sea ; Nicaragua is sovereign over the Rio San Juan, and by treaty Costa Rica has the right to navigate over part of the river with ' objects of commerce '.

A 1992 Central Intelligence Agency report " acknowledged that the FARC had become increasingly involved in drugs through their ' taxing ' of the trade in areas under their geographical control and that in some cases the insurgents protected trafficking infrastructure to further fund their insurgency ," but also described the relationship between the FARC and the drug traffickers as one " characterized by both cooperation and friction " and concluded that " we do not believe that the drug industry Colombia would be substantially disrupted in the short term by attacks against guerrillas.

In 2000, FARC Spokesman Simon Trinidad said that taxes on drug laboratories represented part of the organization's income, but argued that the drug trade was so endemic in Colombia that it financed all banking, industry and politics in the country to some extent, so that criticism of FARC in this regard was hypocritical.

Similar to militant groups in Colombia, some factions of Shining Path have adapted as a highly efficient cocaine-smuggling operation, with an ostensibly paternalistic relationship to villagers.

Clark makes radio contact with some survivors of these remaining teams — which include Domingo Chavez — then flies into Colombia to retrieve them.

For this reason, and to prevent a break-up, Bolívar sought to implement a more centralist model of government in Gran Colombia, including some or all of the elements of the Bolivian constitution he had written, which included a lifetime presidency with the ability to select a successor ( although theoretically, this presidency was held in check by an intricate system of balances ).

The common guinea pig was first domesticated as early as 5000 BC for food by tribes in the Andean region of South America ( present-day the southern part of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia ), some thousands of years after the domestication of the South American camelids.

It continues to be a major part of the diet in Peru and Bolivia, particularly in the Andes Mountains highlands ; it is also eaten in some areas of Ecuador ( mainly in the Sierra ) and Colombia.

In March 1984, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela lent Argentina $ 300 million for three months, followed by a similar amount by the United States, providing some breathing space as it was not before late September 1984 that an agreement was reached between the IMF and Argentina.

On November 24, the two friends set sail for Cuba where they met fellow botanist and plant collector John Fraser, and after a stay of some months they regained the mainland at Cartagena, Colombia.

Overview: Designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism in 1982, the Government of Cuba maintained a public stance against terrorism and terrorist financing in 2010, but there was no evidence that it had severed ties with elements from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ( FARC ) and recent media reports indicate some current and former members of the Basque Fatherland and Liberty ( ETA ) continue to reside in Cuba.

He is known as " Ratoncito Pérez " in Spanish speaking countries, with the exception of some regions of Mexico, Peru and Chile, where he is called " el Ratón de los Dientes " ( The Tooth Mouse ), and in Argentina, Venezuela, Uruguay and Colombia, he is known simply as " El Ratón Pérez ".

In Colombia, Gaviria is well known as an art collector, and some years ago, opened his gallery Nueveochenta in Bogotá.

The use of Basque language ( Euskera ) terminology in the present territory of Colombia goes back to the early exploration occurred in 1499, during the third voyage of Columbus, it is said that from that time the territory experienced a strong presence of Basques including prominent figures such as the pilot and geographer Juan de la Cosa, nicknamed " El Vizcaino " ( although some sources claim that reputable and solvent was not a native of the Basque Country, but was born in Santona, Cantabria ).

It is estimated ( for example for small Antioquia, a region where hundreds of Spaniards arrived, of which a good portion were Basque, some limited aspects of the culture and traditions brought by Basque settlers, without even mention his particular language, it has been unclear to track the use of Euskara in the current Antioquia and Colombia, because the Basque language was always an outcast, which apparently left no written evidence in Antioquia.

While some applied for asylum, others are still illegal, and the drugs that pass from Colombia through Ecuador to other parts of South America create economic and social problems.

( Christianity, a public holiday in Austria, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia, Burundi, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Mauritius, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Togo, and Vanuatu ), and its related observances:

Costa Rica's distance from the capital in Guatemala, its legal prohibition under Spanish law to trade with its southern neighbors in Panama, then part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada ( i. e., Colombia ), and the lack of resources such as gold and silver, made Costa Rica into a poor, isolated, and sparsely inhabited region within the Spanish Empire.

Australia established its first central bank in 1920, Colombia in 1923, Mexico and Chile in 1925 and Canada and New Zealand in the aftermath of the Great Depression in 1934.

In 1863 the name of the Republic was changed officially to " United States of Colombia ", and in 1886 the country adopted its present name: " Republic of Colombia ".

The Betancur administration in turn questioned the M-19's actions and its commitment to the peace process, as it continued to advance high profile negotiations with the FARC, which led to the creation of the Patriotic Union ( Colombia ) ( UP ), a legal and non-clandestine political organization.

In order to confront these challenges, the Pastrana administration unveiled its Plan Colombia in late 1999, an integrated strategy to deal with these longstanding, mutually reinforcing problems.

For example, Ecuador has closed its main border crossing with Colombia every night since August 2002, when evidence emerged that Colombian guerrillas and paramilitaries were asserting control over Ecuador's border communities.

In the 1980s, Colombia broadened its bilateral and multilateral relations, joining the Contadora Group, the Group of Eight ( now the Rio Group ), and the Non-Aligned Movement, which it chaired from 1994 until September 1998.

In Bogotá, Colombia the city ’ s largest bakery recently replaced most of its delivery trucks with bicycles.

As a result, Ecuador became the District of the South within the Republic of Gran Colombia, which also included present-day Venezuela and Colombia and had Bogotá as its capital.

In May of that year, a group of Quito notables met to dissolve the union with Gran Colombia, and in August, a constituent assembly drew up a constitution for the State of Ecuador, so named for its geographic proximity to the equator, and placed General Flores in charge of political and military affairs.

Born in Venezuela, he had fought in the wars for independence with Bolívar, who had appointed him governor of Ecuador during its association with Gran Colombia.

However, along the long border with its neighbour Colombia, relations have been strained mainly due to a cross-border raid by Colombian forces on FARC guerrillas.

As part of this treaty, the border town of Leticia and its surrounding area was ceded from Peru to Colombia, giving Colombia access to the Amazon River.

* 1830 – Ecuador gains its independence from Gran Colombia.

Extending approximately 15, 500 kilometres ( 9, 600 mi ) from the Bering Sea in the Arctic to the northern extent of the circumpolar Southern Ocean at 60 ° S ( older definitions extend it to Antarctica's Ross Sea ), the Pacific reaches its greatest east-west width at about 5 ° N latitude, where it stretches approximately 19, 800 kilometres ( 12, 300 mi ) from Indonesia to the coast of Colombia – halfway across the world, and more than five times the diameter of the Moon.

Thus, on November 28, 1821, the national assembly was convened and it was officially declared ( through Fábrega, who was invested with the title of Head of State of Panama ) that the isthmus of Panama had severed its ties with the Spanish Empire and its decision to join New Granada and Venezuela in Bolivar's recently founded Republic of Colombia.

In the end, the union between Panama and the Republic of New Granada ( under its various names United States of Colombia 1863 – 1886 and the Republic of Colombia since 1886 ) was made possible by the active participation of U. S. A. under the 1846 Bidlack Mallarino treaty until 1903.