The observance or variation of the discipline belongs to the Congregation of Rites ; in pontifical processions, which are regulated by the masters of the ceremonies ( magistri ceremoniarum pontificalium ), these points are decided by the chief cardinal deacon.

* Congregation for sacred rites and ceremonies

" The corpse is reverently brought to the grave, accompanied with the Congregation, without any further ceremonies: which being buried, the Minister he be present and required goeth to the Church, if it be not far off, and maketh some comfortable exhortation to the people, touching death and resurrection.

In 1589 Pope Sixtus V united to the Congregation of St Ambrose the monasteries of a group known as the " Brothers of the Apostles of the Poor Life " ( or " Apostolini " or " Brothers of St. Barnabas "), whose houses were in the province of Genoa and in the March of Ancona.

It made the same statement with regard also to later ordinations by those bishops, saying that, " as for those who have already thus unlawfully received ordination or any who may yet accept ordination from these, whatever may be the validity of the orders ( quidquid sit de ordinum validitate ), the Church does not and will not recognise their ordination ( ipsorum ordinationem ), and will consider them, for all legal effects, as still in the state in which they were before, except that the ... penalties remain until they repent " ( Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Decree Episcopi qui alios of 17 September 1976-Acta Apostolicae Sedis 1976, page 623 ).

This name, based on the black colour of his cassock, was used to suggest a parallel between him and the " White Pope " ( since the time of Pope Pius V the Popes dresses in white ) and the Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples ( formerly called the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith ), whose red cardinal's cassock gave him the name of the " Red Pope " in view of the authority over all territories that were not considered in some way Catholic.

There were usually ten other cardinals who were members of the Congregation, as well as a prelate and two assistants all chosen from the Dominican Order.

On 30 June, the Protestant Lords of the Congregation occupied Edinburgh, though they were only able to hold it for a month.

The influence of liberation theology diminished after proponents were accused of using " Marxist concepts " leading to admonishment by the Vatican's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith ( CDF ) in 1984 and 1986.

This congregation, to which appeals were made from the decisions of the vice-legate, was united to the Congregation of Loreto within the Roman Curia ; in 1774 the vice-legate was made president, thus depriving it of almost all authority.

Implementation of the Council's directives on the liturgy was carried out under the authority of Pope Paul VI by a special papal commission, later incorporated in the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, and, in the areas entrusted to them, by national conferences of bishops, which, if they had a shared language, were expected to collaborate in producing a common translation.

Shortly before 1433 three priories in Valais, Tuscany, and Mantua were reformed by the preaching of Thomas Conecte of Rennes and formed the Congregation of Mantua, which was declared independent of the rest of the Order with its own special set of Constitutions as ratified by Pope Eugene IV and governed by its own vice prior general.

It was only at the end of the 19th century that those following the reform of Tourraine ( by this time known as the " strict observance ") and the Mantuan Congregation were formally merged under one set of Constitutions.

A spokesman for the Archbishop of Westminster said that Cardinal Ratzinger's words were not binding as they were not an official pronouncement of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.

In 2002, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith approved German-made low-gluten hosts, which meets all of the Catholic Church's requirements, for use in Italy ; although not entirely gluten-free, they were also approved by the Italian Celiac Association.

The commission's view was that Juan Diego had indeed existed, and the results of their research were presented to the Vatican Congregation for the Causes of Saints on October 28, 1998.

When the Regent stationed French mercenaries in Perth, both abandoned her and joined the Lords of the Congregation at St Andrews, where they were also joined by John Knox.

Although the French commissioners were unwilling to treat with the insurgent Lords of the Congregation, they offered the Scots certain concessions from King Francis and Queen Mary, including the right to summon a parliament according to use and custom.

The community was established within the English Benedictine Congregation and started a college for English Catholic boys who were unable to find a Catholic education at home, and pursued studies in the University of Douai.

In response to requests from various quarters, Pope Paul VI authorized the composition of new Eucharistic Prayers, which were examined by himself and by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, and which in 1968 he authorized for use.

In 1947 two Roman Catholic retreats were founded nearby, the Congregation of the Servants of the Paraclete and the Handmaids of the Precious Blood.

They were known as the " Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church and Congregation of the Haupogues ".

Well-known Roman Catholic religious institutes, not all of which were classified as " orders " rather than " congregations ", include Augustinians, Benedictines, Carmelites, Dominicans, Franciscans, Jesuits, Salesians, Oblates of Mary Immaculate and the Congregation of Holy Cross.

He subsequently joined the Lords of the Congregation, a group of Protestant nobles who were against the marriage of the young, Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots, to the Dauphin of France ( later to become Francois II of France ), but betrayed their plans.

The title of Prefect was held by the Popes from 1917 until 1967, with the head of the Congregation titled as Secretary.

The midweek meeting, typically held in the evening, includes a question-and-answer " Congregation Bible Study " ( 25 minutes ) based on a Watch Tower Society publication ,; the " Theocratic Ministry School " ( 30 minutes ), designed to train Witnesses in public speaking and proselytizing using talks and rehearsals of doorstop sermons ; and the " Service Meeting " ( 35 minutes ), following an agenda set in the Society's monthly newsletter Our Kingdom Ministry to train Witnesses to participate in the public ministry.

Before 2009, the midweek meeting consisted of the Theocratic Ministry School and the Service Meeting ( each 45 minutes ); the Congregation Book Study ( 1 hour ) was typically held on a separate evening, divided into smaller groups meeting in private homes.

The belief that such vials were signs of the grave of a martyr was still held in 1863, when a 10 December decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites confirmed a decree of 10 April 1668.

John Paul II's successor, Pope Benedict XVI, removed the custom of holding beatification rites in the Vatican with the Pope presiding ; they can now be held in the location where the subject lived with the Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints designated to preside over the ceremony as Papal Delegate.

Mezzofanti held this post until he left Bologna to go to Rome in 1831 as a member of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith ( Congregatio de Propaganda Fide ), the Catholic Church's governing body for missionary activities.

Lord Butler was installed as Chancellor at a ceremony held in Colchester's Moot Hall in 1967 and the first Honorary Degrees were presented, the University's Mace was carried for the first time, while the first annual Degree Congregation saw 135 degrees conferred in July.

This document, signed by then Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, Prefect of the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith answers this question: " Whether the teaching that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women, which is presented in the Apostolic Letter Ordinatio Sacerdotalis to be held definitively, is to be understood as belonging to the deposit of faith.

As a member of the Congregation for Bishops and the Pontifical Council for the Family since 12 June 2008 and of the Congregation for the Clergy since 2 February 2010 ,. he participates in the plenary meetings of those departments of the Roman Curia, held as far as possible once a year.

Again, there is a French connection in the Congregation of the Holy Cross and Bruté who both held deep devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

This was to be a stepping stone towards a greater rabbinical career, and in 1958 he assumed the rabbinate of Hermann Merkin's Fifth Avenue Synagogue in New York, a position he held until 1966, when he was called to the Chief Rabbinate of the United Hebrew Congregation of the British Commonwealth.

It thus became the place where the tribunal of the Roman Inquisition set up by Paul III in 1542 held the Secret Congregation meetings during which the sentences were read out.

# At the time fixed by the Congregation of Rites an ordinary meeting ( congregatio ) was held in which this appointment was debated by the cardinals of the aforesaid congregation and its officials, but without the vote or participation of the consultors, though this privilege was always granted them by prescript.

The first of these meetings was held in the palace of the cardinal relator ( reporter ) of the cause, and in it only consultors of the Congregation of Sacred Rites, and with their chairman, or prefect, presiding, the third was also held in the Vatican, and at it the pope presided, and both cardinals and consultors voted.

# When the miracles had been proved, another meeting of the Congregation of Rites was held in which it was debated once, and only once, whether or not, given the approbation of the virtues and miracles, it was safe to proceed with the solemnities of beatification.

From 1985 to 1990, in addition to his role of President of the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rigali held a number of positions within the Roman Curia, serving in the Secretariat of State, Council for the Public Affairs of the Church, Congregation for Bishops, and Pontifical Council for the Laity.

The Bishwa Ijtema ( World Congregation ) is an event held annually by Tablighi Jamaat which focuses on prayers and meditation, attracting 5 million people from across Bangladesh and South Asia.

After emigrating to France, he was a rabbi of the synagogue on Rue de Montevideo in Paris ( 1950 – 1951 ) and in 1952 he emigrated to Canada, where he held the post of Rabbi of Congregation Beth Yitshak in Toronto until his death.

In 1967 he came to Rome as General Secretary of the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, a post he held until 1972.

The Catholic Charismatic Renewal as it exists today is the outgrowth from a retreat held from 17 to 19 February 1967 by several faculty members and students from Duquesne University, a Catholic university in Pittsburgh operated by the Congregation of the Holy Spirit ( a Catholic religious order founded in France in 1703 ).

This document, signed by then Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, Prefect of the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith answers this question: " Whether the teaching that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women, which is presented in the Apostolic Letter Ordinatio Sacerdotalis to be held definitively, is to be understood as belonging to the deposit of faith.