In the 1910 Congressional elections, Democrats swept to power, and Taft's reelection in 1912 was increasingly in doubt.

Believing that Wilson and his advisers would not voluntarily transfer power to the vice president, a group of Congressional leaders initiated Marshall's requested joint resolution.

Section Four gives to state legislatures the power to set the " times, Places and Manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives ," but provides for Congressional oversight of elections.

Although the Sixteenth Amendment is often cited as the " source " of the Congressional power to tax incomes, at least one court has reiterated the point made in Brushaber and other cases that the Sixteenth Amendment itself did not grant the Congress the power to tax incomes, a power the Congress had since 1789, but only removed the possible requirement that any income tax be apportioned among the states according to their respective populations.

Congressional oversight over the AEC was exercised by the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, which had considerable power in influencing AEC decisions and policy.

Sometimes called the " Congressional Compensation Amendment of 1789 ", the " Congressional Pay Amendment ", and the " Madison Amendment ", it was intended to serve as a restraint on the power of Congress to set its own salary — an obvious potential for conflict of interest.

A Congressional power of enforcement is included in a number of amendments to the United States Constitution.

Early on, in the so-called Civil Rights Cases decided in 1883, the Supreme Court concluded that the Congressional enforcement power in Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment did not authorize Congress to use the Privileges or Immunities Clause of that amendment to ban racial discrimination in public accommodations operated by private persons, such as inns and theaters.

In the 1997 case of City of Boerne v. Flores, the Court again took a narrow view of the Congressional power of enforcement, striking down a provision of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act ( RFRA ) that sought to forbid the states from placing burdens on religious practice in the absence of a compelling state interest in doing so.

# REDIRECT Congressional power of enforcement

# REDIRECT Congressional power of enforcement

Wellington D. Rankin, a power in the Montana Republican party and Jeannette Rankin ’ s brother, helped to manage her first campaign for the party nomination in the Congressional election of 1916 and in the general election.

Marshall's ruling determined that " a Congressional power to regulate navigation is as expressly granted as if that term had been added to the word ' commerce '.

The Court went on to conclude that Congressional power over commerce should extend to the regulation of all aspects of it, overriding state law to the contrary:

Regardless of the power struggle within the Democratic Party concerning segregation policy, the South remained a strongly Democratic voting bloc for local, state, and federal Congressional elections, but not in presidential elections.

During Congressional hearings to consider the various Leach bills to repeal Sections 20 and 32, consumer and community development advocates warned against the concentration of “ economic power ” that would result from permitting “ financial conglomerates ” and argued that any repeal of Sections 20 and 32 should mandate greater consumer protections, particularly free or low cost consumer services, and greater community reinvestment requirements.

A 1987 Congressional report entitled " NRC Coziness with Industry " concluded that the NRC " has not maintained an arms length regulatory posture with the commercial nuclear power industry ... has, in some critical areas, abdicated its role as a regulator altogether ".

* A battery of post-Nixon controls on executive power, including transparency rules and " watchdog bureaucracies " such as the federal Inspectors General, a strengthened Government Accountability Office, and the Congressional Budget Office

" They advanced a reading of this language would suggest a Congressional limitation to the military power would assure an appropriately narrow range of detainees and that the power to detain would last only so long as the Congressional authorization was not revoked or remained in effect by its terms.

Leveraging the Supreme Court's establishment of Congressional supremacy over commerce, the Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 with the intent of regulating railroad " robber barons ".

The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the net effect of both laws will be a reduction in the federal deficit by $ 143 billion over the first decade.

The 1860s also saw the first major Congressional disputes over the issue, with the House and Senate voting to veto the appointment of John P. Stockton to the Senate due to his approval by a plurality rather than a majority.

In a prelude to the presidential election, the Jacksonians bolstered their numbers in Congress in the 1826 Congressional elections ; Jackson ally Andrew Stevenson was chosen as the new Speaker of the House of Representatives over Adams ally Speaker John W. Taylor.

Promoted to the rank of Vice Admiral in 1958, the same year he was awarded the first of two Congressional Gold Medals, for nearly the next three decades Rickover exercised tight control over the ships, technology, and personnel of the nuclear Navy, interviewing and approving or denying every prospective officer being considered for a nuclear ship.

The controversy over the proposed futures market led to a Congressional audit of the IAO in general, which revealed a fundamental lack of concern for privacy protection of American citizens.

A July 2007 Congressional Research Service Report confirmed that US policy has not recognized the PRC's sovereignty over Taiwan.

In 2009, Congressional Quarterly's " America's Safest and Most Dangerous Cities " publication ranked the City of San Diego as having the sixth lowest crime rate of any major U. S. city with over a half million residents.

The national outrage over their deaths helped procure support for Congressional passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

So began the deep controversies that would reign over Rankin ’ s politics and Congressional participation for the rest of her career.

" Spaceguard " is the name for these loosely affiliated programs, some of which receive NASA funding to meet a U. S. Congressional requirement to detect 90 % of near-Earth asteroids over 1 km diameter by 2008.

The Congressional Budget Office ( CBO ) has estimated that extending the Bush tax cuts of 2001-2003 beyond their 2010 expiration would increase deficits by $ 1. 8 trillion dollars over the following decade.

In that prior instance, the Congress passed a law ( over the veto of the then-President ) that required the President to secure Congressional approval for the removal of Cabinet members and other executive branch officers.

1997 was a career year for Els first winning his second U. S. Open ( once again over Colin Montgomerie ) this time at Congressional Country Club, making him the first foreign player since Alex Smith ( 1906, 1910 ) to win the U. S. Open twice.

The desperate economic situation, combined with the substantial Democratic victories in the 1932 Congressional elections, gave Roosevelt unusual influence over Congress in the " First Hundred Days " of his administration.

With anxiety over Communism in Korea and China reaching fever pitched in 1950, a previously obscure Senator, Joe McCarthy of Wisconsin, launched Congressional investigations into the cover-up of spies in the government.

The winner take all system for presidential elections and the single-seat plurality voting system for Congressional elections have over time created the two-party system ( see Duverger's law ).

While Johnson opposed the Radical Republicans on some issues, the decisive Congressional elections of 1866 gave the radicals enough votes to enact their legislation over Johnson's vetoes.

Congressional leaders are best able to judge what committee should have jurisdiction over this department and its duties.

The death of Linder, coming as Congressional hearings investigated the Iran-Contra Affair, fueled the debate in the U. S. over the covert war in Nicaragua.

Stevens has contributed thousands of dollars over the years to the Republican Party, including donations to the Republican Congressional Committee and to both of Arizona Senator John McCain's runs for president.

In the 110th Congress, Snowe worked to ensure passage of a genetic non-discrimination act, which she had previously worked to pass for nearly eight years ; opposed cutting loans through the Small Business Administration ; offered legislation aimed at reducing the price of prescription drugs and insurance costs for small businesses ; and became a leading voice among Congressional Republicans expressing concerns over President Bush's plans for the privatization of Social Security.