Conservatism thus rejects patrilineal descent, which is accepted by the Reform movement.

According to Hailsham, a former chairman of the British Conservative Party, " Conservatism is not so much a philosophy as an attitude, a constant force, performing a timeless function in the development of a free society, and corresponding to a deep and permanent requirement of human nature itself.

Conservatism in the United Kingdom is related to its counterparts in other Western nations, but has a distinct tradition.

Hayek wrote an essay, " Why I Am Not a Conservative " ( included as an appendix to The Constitution of Liberty ), in which he disparaged conservatism for its inability to adapt to changing human realities or to offer a positive political program, remarking, " Conservatism is only as good as what it conserves ".

The basis of One-Nation Conservatism is a belief in social cohesion, and its adherents support social institutions that maintain harmony between different interest groups, classes, and — more recently — different races or religions.

Common misconceptions that liberals hold include that " Conservatism is ' the ethos of selfishness '" and that " Conservatism is no more than a conspiracy of the ultrarich to protect their money and power and to make themselves even richer and more powerful.

" Common misunderstandings of conservatives by conservatives are that " Conservatism nothing else is for traditional values ", and that " Conservatism is just what the Bible tells us.

According to the book, the role of Conservatism is not to oppose all change but to resist and balance the volatility of current political fads and ideology, and to defend a middle position that enshrines a slowly-changing organic humane traditionalism.

The term was used in British politics ( where it is used in a quite different sense: see One Nation Conservatism ), but was last used in Australian political life to describe a tax reform package by the Labor government of Paul Keating, whose urban-based, Asia-centric, free-market, and pro-affirmative action policies were representative of what One Nation voters were opposing.

Modern American Conservatism is also considered to be a reactionary ideology.

Conservatism, more broadly than the Modern American variant, is generally opposed to change in the status quo and manifests as a reaction to change.

Maurras is the main intellectual influence of National Catholicism, Far Right movements, Latin Conservatism, and integral nationalism.

Michael Lind, in his 1996 publication Up From Conservatism, writes that, though American radical centrism is today a minority political philosophy, it was, in fact, the dominant political philosophy within the United States from the time of Franklin Delano Roosevelt through Lyndon Johnson — a philosophy that was shared both by the presidents of that era and the majority of the American people.

* Compassionate Conservatism: What it is, What it Does, and How it Can Transform America ( 2000, introduction by George W. Bush )

Some insist the doctrine was invented by Dr. Marvin Olasky, who went on to memorialize it in his books Renewing American Compassion ( 1996 ) and Compassionate Conservatism: What it is, What it Does, and How it Can Transform America ( 2000 ), and Myron Magnet of the Manhattan Institute.

It is often associated with One Nation Conservatism.

* Conservatism is embodied by the provincial governor Andrei Antonovich Von Lembke, and is shown to be incapable of dealing with subversive extremism.

Conservatism has been the major political force in France since the second world war.

Conservatism emerged by the end of the 18th century — which synthesised moderate Whig positions and some of the old Tory values to create a new political ideology, in opposition to the French Revolution.

Its extended post-war role included the provision of extensive briefing material on major legislation before Parliament and all the main issues of political controversy as they arose, as well as working with Butler to create the post-war Conservatism embodied in the famous series of charters of the late-1940s.

His other political views tended towards old-fashioned Conservatism, anti-Communism and an increasing distrust of " The Establishment " ( as he put it ), the latter fuelled by his frequent court appearances.

Independent Conservatism ( Conservatismo Independiente ) is a conservative political party in Colombia.

As a member of the Conservative Party, he governed in the early years of the era to be known as the Thirty Five Years of Conservatism in Nicaragua's political history.

Clinton Rossiter, a leading expert on American political history, published his history of Conservatism in America ( 1956 ) and also a summary article on " The Giants Of American Conservatism " in American Heritage.

Canadian conservatism thus mirrored British Conservatism in its values and economic / political outlook.

Disraeli's old reputation as the " Tory democrat " and promoter of the welfare state fell away as historians showed he that Disraeli had few proposals for social legislation in 1874-80, and that the 1867 Reform Act did not reflect a vision Conservatism for the unenfranchised working man.

It was infused with a series of complex disputes, sometimes centred on religion ( Catholic and Protestant ), Northern Ireland-related politics ( Loyalist and Republican ), and social ideology ( Conservatism and Socialism ).

Analytic philosophy, Protestantism, Christian Democracy, Communism, Conservatism, Constructionism, Deconstructionism, Empiricism, Epicureanism, Existentialism, Fascism, Humanism, Idealism, Internationalism, Liberalism, Logical positivism, Marxism, Materialism, Monarchism, Nationalism, Perspectivism, Platonism, Positivism, Postmodernism, Rationalism, Relativism, Republicanism, Romanticism, Scepticism, Scholasticism, Social Democracy, Socialism, Stoicism, Structuralism, Thomism, Utilitarianism, Spenglerism.

The publication was founded in 1982 by the Salisbury Group of Tories, who chose Scruton for his defence of traditional conservatism against proponents of the free market in The Meaning of Conservatism ( 1980 ).

`` Conservatism '' and `` traditionalism '' seem implied by what has just been said.

Conservatism developed in Restoration England from royalism.

English Conservatism since the Restoration: An Introduction and Anthology.

* Conservatism / Ted Honderich.

* Conservatism / Jerry Z. Muller.

* Conservatism in America since 1930: a reader / Gregory L.

* Conservatism / Noel O ' Sullivan.

* The Meaning of Conservatism / Roger Scruton.

* The Graphic Guide to Conservatism: a visual primer on the conservative worldview / Olivier Ballou.

Goldwater had written in his seminal The Conscience of a Conservative ( 1960 ) that " Throughout history, true Conservatism has been at war equally with autocrats and with ' democratic ' Jacobins.

In the 1920s Masuria remained a heartland of Conservatism with the German National People's Party as strongest party.

* G. Horowitz, " Conservatism, Liberalism and Socialism in Canada: An Interpretation ", CJEPS ( 1966 )

" Professor Paul Smith argues that, " into the ‘ progressive ’ strain of modern Conservatism he simply will not fit.

One Nation Conservatism was the party's dominant ideology in the 20th century until the rise of Thatcherism in the 1970s, and included in its ranks Conservative Prime Ministers such as Stanley Baldwin, Harold Macmillan and Edward Heath.

Ideologically, One Nation Conservatism identifies itself with a broad liberal conservative stance.

In 1996 she said in the Keith Joseph memorial lecture: " The kind of Conservatism which he and I ... favoured would be best described as " liberal ", in the old-fashioned sense.