In May 357 the Roman laity, which had remained faithful to Liberius, demanded that Constantius, who was on a visit to Rome, should recall Liberius.

By 361, Constantius saw no alternative but to face the usurper with force ; and yet the threat of the Sassanids remained.

Constantius remained in Britain for the rest of the time he was part of the Tetrarchy, dying in York in July 306.

Constantius spent the next two years neutralising the threat of the Franks who were the allies of Allectus, as northern Gaul remained under the control of the British usurper until at least 295.

Allectus, having assassinated Carausius in 293, remained in control of Britain until 296, when Constantius staged an invasion to retake the island.

:: Gallia, Hispaniae et Britannia Constantius Chlorus ( 305 – 306 )

Constantius ’ first task on becoming Caesar was to deal with the Roman usurper Carausius who had declared himself emperor in Britannia and northern Gaul in 286.

Britannia Secunda was one of the provinces of Roman Britain in existence by c. 312 AD and probably created as part of the administrative reforms of the Roman Emperor Diocletian after the defeat of the usurper Allectus by Constantius Chlorus in 296 AD.

Given the circumstances at the time Constantius may well have divided the military command of Britannia Superior in two with an eastern province named Britannia Caesariensis and a western one named Britannia Prima.

This division would have been later reorganised by splitting Britannia Caesariensis into north and south regions, named respectively Flavia after Constantius and Maxima after the western Augustus, Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus.

Given the circumstances at the time Constantius may well have divided the military command of Britannia Superior in two with an eastern province named Britannia Caesariensis and a western one named Britannia Prima.

This division would have been later reorganised by splitting Britannia Caesariensis into north and south regions named after Constantius and the western Augustus, Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus This would require the split to have taken place prior to Maximian's abdication in 305.

However, during the time of Arianism's flowering in Constantinople, the Gothic convert Ulfilas ( later the subject of the letter of Auxentius cited above ) was sent as a missionary to the Gothic barbarians across the Danube, a mission favored for political reasons by emperor Constantius II.

* 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.

Antipope Felix II was installed as Pope in 355 after the Emperor Constantius II banished the reigning Pope, Liberius, for refusing to subscribe the sentence of condemnation against Saint Athanasius.

He continued to lead the conflict against the Arians for the rest of his life and was engaged in theological and political struggles against the Emperors Constantine the Great and Constantius II and powerful and influential Arian churchmen, led by Eusebius of Nicomedia and others.

Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius ' banishment in 338.

During this period, Athanasius completed his work Four Orations against the Arians and defended his own recent conduct in the Apology to Constantius and Apology for His Flight.

Second exile: under Emperor Constantius, for 7. 5 years Apr 339 – 21 Oct 346 ; lived at Rome.

Third exile: under Emperor Constantius, for 6 years Feb 356 – 21 Feb 362 ; in the Egyptian desert.

Though he made initial preparations for the war, Constantine fell ill and sent Constantius east to take command of the eastern frontier.

When Constantius learned of Shapur's withdrawal from Roman territory, he prepared his army for a counter-attack, drilling them and upgrading the equipment of his cataphracts.

The result was a victory for Constantius, but a costly one.

In 353, Constantius and Magnentius met for what would be the final time at the Battle of Mons Seleucus in southern Gaul, and again, Constantius emerged the victor.

Unfortunately for Gallus, this order was delayed by Eusebius, one of Constantius ‘ eunuchs, and as a result Gallus was executed.

However, when Constantius requested reinforcements from Julian ’ s army for the eastern campaign, the Gallic legions revolted and proclaimed Julian Augustus.

The beginning of his episcopacy was remarkable for a prodigy by which is related by Socrates, Philostorgius, the chronicle of Alexandria, & c. St. Cyril, an eye-witness wrote immediately to the emperor Constantius, an exact account of this miraculous phenomenon: and his letter is quoted as a voucher for it by Sozomen, Theophanes, Eutychius, John of Nice, Glycas, and others.

Gaul was again a source of troubles for Honorius: just after Constantius ' troops had returned to Italy, Jovinus revolted in northern Gaul, with the support of Alans, Burgundians, and the Gallic nobility.

Constantius, enraged, began preparations for a military conflict with the eastern empire but before he could commence the planned intervention, he died early in 422.

He was summoned to Constantius ' court in Mediolanum ( Milan ) in 354 and kept there for a year ; in the summer and fall of 355, he was permitted to study in Athens.

According to the historian Zosimus, the army officers were those responsible for distributing an anonymous tract expressing complaints against Constantius as well as fearing for Julian's ultimate fate.

Julian would later blame him for the arrival of the order from Constantius.

Great defenders of Trinitarian faith included the Popes, especially Pope Liberius, who was exiled to Berea by Constantius II for his Trinitarian faith, Damasus I, and several other bishops.

A few days later, Julian was married to Helena, the last surviving sister of Constantius.

Constantius spent the next few years overseeing affairs in the western part of the empire primarily from his base at Mediolanum.

Rather than pursuing his opponent, Constantius then turned his attention to securing the Danubian border, where he spent the early months of 352 campaigning against the Sarmatians along the middle Danube.

When Valentinian was less than two years old, Honorius appointed Constantius co-emperor, a dignity he would hold until his death seven months later.

Flavius Constantius ( died 2 September 421 ), commonly known as Constantius III, was Western Roman Emperor for seven months in 421.

The able general having been disposed of, Constantius besieged the city for three months until the general of Constantine, Edobichus, who had been sent across the border to find allies, did return with a large army of Franks and Alamanni.

It is said that Constantius was organizing a military expedition to the East to have his rights recognized, when he died suddenly on September 2, 421, after just seven months as emperor, the archetype of able soldier and politician that the Western Roman Empire desperately needed at the time.

Constantius died in 421, after only seven months as Augustus.