The word acropolis literally in Greek means " city on the extremity " and though associated primarily with the Greek cities Athens, Argos, Thebes, and Corinth ( with its Acrocorinth ), may be applied generically to all such citadels, including Rome, Jerusalem, Celtic Bratislava, many in Asia Minor, or even Castle Rock in Edinburgh.

In 394 BC, while encamped on the plain of Thebe, he was planning a campaign in the interior, or even an attack on Artaxerxes II himself, when he was recalled to Greece owing to the war between Sparta and the combined forces of Athens, Thebes, Corinth, Argos and several minor states.

By doing so the victorious Spartans proved to be the most clement state that fought Athens and at the same time they turned out to be its saviour as neither Corinth nor Thebes at the time could challenge their decision.

Thebes forced Corinth and other city states to separate from the Spartans.

In 338 BC, the Peloponnesian League was disbanded, when Philip II of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great, formed the League of Corinth after defeating Thebes and Athens.

* Roger II of Sicily takes Corfu from the Byzantine Empire, and pillages Corinth, Athens and Thebes.

During the Corinthian War Sparta faced a coalition of the leading Greek states: Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos.

In 1147 Manuel was faced with war by Roger II of Sicily, whose fleet had captured the Byzantine island of Corfu and plundered Thebes and Corinth.

* 405 Lysander captures Athenian fleet, Spartan king Pausanias lays siege to Athens, Cleophon executed, Corinth and Thebes demand destruction of Athens

* 338 Philip of Macedon defeats Athens and Thebes at Chaeronea Aug 2 and establishes League of Corinth in winter of 338 BC / 337 BC.

The Spartans prepared to send out an army against this new alliance of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos ( with the backing of the Achaemenid Empire ) and ordered Agesilaus II to return to Greece.

Large communities were located in Thebes, Ioannina, Chalcis, Corfu, Arta, Corinth and on the islands of Lesbos, Chios, Samos, Rhodes and Cyprus, among others.

In the 12th century, Benjamin of Tudela recorded details about communities of Jews in Corfu, Arta, Aphilon, Patras, Corinth, Thebes, Chalkis, Thessaloniki and Drama.

He dispatches Timocrates of Rhodes to visit Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Argos to incite and bribe them to act against Sparta.

* The " Corinthian War " begins, with Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos ( with the backing of Persia ) against Sparta.

Politically, the Classical Period was dominated by Athens and the Delian League during the 5th century, displaced by Spartan hegemony during the early 4th century BC, before power shifted to Thebes and the Boeotian League and finally to the League of Corinth led by Macedon.

* The allies, Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, gather a large army at Corinth.

* Under the threat of Spartan intervention, Thebes disbands its league, and Argos and Corinth end their shared government.

He ravaged the coast all along Euboea and the Gulf of Corinth and penetrated as far as Thebes, Greece, where he pillaged the silk factories and carried off the Jewish damask, brocade, and silk weavers, taking them back to Palermo where they formed the basis for the Sicilian silk industry.

The Athenians, mindful of their disastrous defeat in 404 BC, when the Spartans had gained control of the Hellespont, agreed to negotiate, and Thebes, Corinth, and Argos, unwilling to fight on without Athens, were also forced to negotiate.

By 395 BC, Thebes, alongside Athens, Corinth, and Argos, found itself arrayed against Sparta ( a former ally ) in the Corinthian War.

At the same time, however, Epaminondas managed through a series of diplomatic efforts to dismantle the Peloponnesian league: the remaining members of the league finally abandoned Sparta ( in 365 Corinth, Epidaurus, and Phlius made peace with Thebes and Argos ), and Messenia remained independent and firmly loyal to Thebes.

With the assistance of Corinth and Athens, it escaped complete domination at Philip's hands, but was nevertheless forced to accept a Macedonian garrison.

He then moved southward into Greece, where he sacked Piraeus ( the port of Athens ) and destroyed Corinth, Megara, Argos, and Sparta.

From a modern perspective these figures may seem small, but in the world of Greek city-states Athens was huge: most of the thousand or so Greek cities could only muster 1000 – 1500 adult male citizens and Corinth, a major power, had at most 15, 000 but in some very seldom cases more.

Megara deserted the Spartan-led Peloponnesian League and allied herself with Athens, allowing construction of a double line of walls across the Isthmus of Corinth and protecting Athens from attack from that quarter.

Upon his return to Athens, Aegeus married Medea, who had fled from Corinth and the wrath of Jason.

Located about southwest of Athens, Corinth is surrounded by the coastal townlets of ( clockwise ) Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site and village of ancient Corinth.

The A7 toll motorway for Tripoli and Kalamata, ( and Sparta via A71 toll ), branches off the A8 / European route E94 toll motorway from Athens at Corinth.

The city has been connected to the Proastiakos, the Athens suburban rail network, since 2005, when the new Corinth railway station was completed.

Most New Testament scholars believe Paul of Tarsus wrote this letter from Corinth, although information appended to this work in many early manuscripts ( e. g., Codices Alexandrinus, Mosquensis, and Angelicus ) state that Paul wrote it in Athens after Timothy had returned from Macedonia with news of the state of the church in Thessalonica (; ).

Ancient epichoric variants of the Greek alphabet from Euboea, Ionia, Athens and Ancient Corinth | Corinth comparing to modern Greek.

They were defeated by the Roman navy but managed to escape into the Aegean Sea, where they ravaged the islands of Lemnos and Scyros, broke through Thermopylae and sacked several cities of southern Greece ( province of Achaea ) including Athens, Corinth, Argos, Olympia and Sparta.

It lies in the northern section of the Isthmus of Corinth opposite the island of Salamis, which belonged to Megara in archaic times, before being taken by Athens.

Poseidon was a major civic god of several cities: in Athens, he was second only to Athena in importance, while in Corinth and many cities of Magna Graecia he was the chief god of the polis.

In 459 BC, Athens took advantage of a war between its neighbors Megara and Corinth, both Spartan allies, to conclude an alliance with Megara, giving the Athenians a critical foothold on the Isthmus of Corinth.

A fifteen year conflict, commonly known as the First Peloponnesian War, ensued, in which Athens fought intermittently against Sparta, Corinth, Aegina, and a number of other states.

Sparta's powerful ally of Corinth was notably opposed to intervention, and the congress voted against war with Athens.

The more immediate events that led to war involved Athens and Corinth.

After suffering a defeat at the hands of their colony of Corcyra, a sea power that was not allied to either Sparta or Athens, Corinth began to build an allied naval force.

Alarmed, Corcyra sought an alliance with Athens, which after debate and input from both Corcyra and Corinth, decided to swear to a defensive alliance with Corcyra.