Countries of origin include the United Kingdom, The United States, Canada and Australia, in addition to others.

The position of Catalans regarding the independence of either Catalonia or of the Catalan Countries must be studied taking into account an important fact, namely, that a huge number of Catalan citizens are of immigrant origin and that many of them feel little or no connection to the Catalan language or culture.

Countries will continue paying loans on the same level as in the origin country, no matter of inflation rate in study-country.

Bad relations between England and Flanders brought hard times to the shepherds scattered over the dales and downs as well as to the crowded Flemish cities, and while the English, so far, had done no more than grumble, Othon had seen what the discontent might lead to, for before he left the Low Countries the citizens of Ghent had risen in protest against the expense of supporting Edward and his troops, and the regular soldiers had found it unexpectedly difficult to put down the nasty little riot that ensued.

Behind him lay the Low Countries, where men were still completing the cathedrals that a later Florentine would describe as `` a malediction of little tabernacles, one on top of the other, with so many pyramids and spires and leaves that it is a wonder they stand up at all, for they look as though they were made of paper instead of stone or marble '' ; ;

the Low Countries, where the Middle Ages were to last for another two centuries and die out only when Charles the Bold of Burgundy met his first defeat in the fields and forests below the walls of Grandson.

At the same time, Angola has promoted the revival of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries ( CPLP ) as a forum for cultural exchange and expanding ties with Portugal ( its former ruler ) and Brazil ( which shares many cultural affinities with Angola ) in particular.

Conversely the use of true brass seems to have declined in Western Europe during this period in favour of gunmetals and other mixed alloys but by the end of the first Millennium AD brass artefacts are found in Scandinavian graves in Scotland, brass was being used in the manufacture of coins in Northumbria and there is archaeological and historical evidence for the production of brass in Germany and The Low Countries areas rich in calamine ore which would remain important centres of brass making throughout the medieval period, especially Dinant – brass objects are still collectively known as dinanterie in French.

Fort Dodge Animal Health has their vaccines available for multiple European Countries ( vaccination will start in 2008 in Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Spain and Italy ).

* Association for the Promotion of Independent Disease Control in Developing Countries

Countries that have ratified the Charter, and languages for which the ratification was made:

The French Revolutionary Wars started in 1792 and ultimately featured spectacular French victories that facilitated the conquest of the Italian Peninsula, the Low Countries and most territories west of the Rhine – achievements that had eluded previous French governments for centuries.

Guy Fawkes ( 13 April 1570 – 31 January 1606 ), also known as Guido Fawkes, the name he adopted while fighting for the Spanish in the Low Countries, was a member of a group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.

Countries with an aging population, or with a baby boom, experience increasing pre-tax Gini coefficient even if real income distribution for working adults remain constant.

His ministry expanded and he undertook tours of North America and the Low Countries, between which he was imprisoned for over a year.

In September 2009, Haiti met the conditions set out by the IMF and World Bank's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries program, qualifying it for cancellation of some of its external debt.

In July 2000, Honduras reached its decision point under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative ( HIPC ), qualifying the country for interim multilateral debt relief.

Hanover was thus a gateway to the Rhine, Ruhr and Saar river valleys, their industrial areas which grew up to the southwest and the plains regions to the east and north, for overland traffic skirting the Harz between the Low Countries and Saxony or Thuringia.

Since 2011 this has been coordinated by the Commission for Developing Countries ( CDC ).

In 2010 IMU formed the Commission for Developing Countries ( CDC ) which brings together all of the past and current initiatives in support of mathematics and mathematicians in the developing world.

The Commission for Developing Countries supports research travel of mathematicians based in developing countries as well as mathematics research conferences in the developing world through its Grants Program which is open to mathematicians throughout the developing world, including countries that are not ( yet ) members of the IMU.

Countries are required to update their AIP manuals every 28 days and so provide definitive regulations, procedures and information for each country about airspace and aerodromes.

* Financing Instrument for Cooperation with Industrialised and Other High Income Countries and Territories, an instrument of the European Union

The museum participates too in arbitration sessions held via UNESCO's Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property to Its Countries of Origin.

These and other movements such as the Philippines 1995 Mining Act led the World Bank to publish a third report ( Assistance for Minerals Sector Development and Reform in Member Countries ) which endorsed mandatory environment impact assessments and attention to the locals.

When Charles's illegitimate son Monmouth assembled an invasion force at Amsterdam, and sailed for Britain, William informed James of Monmouth's departure, and ordered English regiments in the Low Countries to return to Britain.

He had no amorous feelings toward Mary and sought the marriage for its political and strategic gains ; Philip's aide Ruy Gómez de Silva wrote to a correspondent in Brussels, " the marriage was concluded for no fleshly consideration, but in order to remedy the disorders of this kingdom and to preserve the Low Countries.

Mali is among the ten poorest nations of the world, is one of the 37 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, and is a major recipient of foreign aid from many sources, including multilateral organizations ( most significantly the World Bank, African Development Bank, and Arab Funds ), and bilateral programs funded by the European Union, France, United States, Canada, Netherlands, and Germany.

Countries with a coastline on the Persian Gulf are ( clockwise, from the north ): Iran, Oman ( exclave of Musandam ), United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar on a peninsula off the Saudi coast, Bahrain on an island, Kuwait and Iraq in the northwest.

* Internet Enemies 2011: Countries under surveillance-United Arab Emirates

It has played a moderate role in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC ), the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OAPEC ), the United Nations, and the Gulf Cooperation Council ( GCC ).

The UAE is a member of the following international organizations: UN and several of its specialized agencies ( ICAO, ILO, UPU, WHO, WIPO ); World Bank, IMF, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC ), OPEC, Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, and the Non-Aligned Movement.

Industrialized countries, except Japan, experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries.

* September 13 – The Congress of Arab Countries begins in Casablanca ; Habib Bourguiba of Tunisia boycotts the meeting.

Countries listed as " Official Extensions " of AIESEC as of August 2011, include Algeria, Albania, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Gabon, Georgia, Iceland, India, Ireland, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Liberia, Pakistan Qatar, South Africa, Zimbabwe and United Arab Emirates.

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC ; ) is an intergovernmental organization of twelve oil-producing countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela.

Business with traders from other Countries also meant contact with other cultures and civilizations, such as those of Japan, Han Chinese, Indian people, and Arab people.

On October 17, 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries announced an oil embargo against the United States in retaliation for its support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War.

Countries that have experienced a fertility decline of 25-40 % include: Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Bolivia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Tajikistan, Jordan, Qatar, Albania, United Arab Emirates, Zimbabwe, and Botswana.

Countries such as United Arab Emirates, Iran, Egypt and Israel have also caught ' dragon fever ' and there is a growing base of participants and organizers.

At the time, the UK was in the grip of a recession, as a result of the early 1970s energy crisis caused by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ' oil boycott of the West in the aftermath of the 1973 Arab – Israeli War.

The 1973 oil crisis started in October 1973, when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries or the OAPEC ( consisting of the Arab members of OPEC, plus Egypt, Syria and Tunisia ) proclaimed an oil embargo.

* ( 1825 ): Travels among the Arab Tribes Inhabiting the Countries East of Syria and Palestine.

Shas demands and endorses a compensation package for those Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews that were forced to leave their host countries and their property behind, making it a condition for its being willing to accept any peace deal with the PLO and bilateral peace agreements with Arab Countries.

Countries Amritanandamayi has held programs in include Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, England, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mauritius, the Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and the United States of America.

* Bank of Beirut and Arab Countries ( BBAC )