The English word howitzer originates ultimately from the Czech word houfnice.

Several of the dialects have been influenced by contact with non-Germanic linguistic groups, such as the dialect of Carinthia, where in the past many speakers were bilingual with Slovene, and the dialect of Vienna, which has been influenced by immigration during the Austro-Hungarian period, particularly from what is today the Czech Republic.

* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )

In the Netherlands, Latvia, Lithuania, Austria, Germany, Scandinavia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Catalonia, 26 December is celebrated as the Second Christmas Day.

A Bohemian () is a resident of the former Kingdom of Bohemia, either in a narrow sense as the region of Bohemia proper or in a wider meaning as the whole country, now known as the Czech Republic.

" In most European countries American Budweiser is not labelled as Budweiser but as Bud, and the name Budweiser refers to the original Czech beer, Budweiser Budvar, except for Ireland and the United Kingdom, where both beers are sold as Budweiser.

Anheuser-Busch uses what is in many jurisdictions a legally-protected mark-of-origin indicating Czech provenance and humorous advertising campaigns to promote Budweiser, such as the " Real Men of Genius " radio and television commercials for Bud Light.

The Czech Budweiser is sold in some countries as Budejovicky Budvar but is known as Budweiser in many other countries throughout the world.

In the Czech Republic, anyone who spent more than six months in the UK or France between the years 1980 and 1996 or received transfusion in the UK after the year 1980 is not allowed to donate blood.

The Czech landscape is quite varied.

Moravia, the eastern part, is also quite hilly and is drained predominantly by the Morava river, but also contains the source of the Oder ( Czech: Odra ) river.

Politically, the Czech Republic is a multi-party parliamentary representative democratic republic.

According to the Constitution of the Czech Republic, the President is the head of state while the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising supreme executive power.

As the system in Czech repeatedly produces very weak governments ( a specific problem is that about 15 % of the electorate support the Communists, who are shunned by all the other parties ) there is constant talk about changing it but without much chance of really pushing the reform through.

The most prominent Czech railway company is the state-owned České dráhy ( ČD ) ( English: Czech Railways ).

The largest and busiest airport in the Czech Republic is Prague Ruzyně Airport, opened in 1937.

After the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic is completing a major reorganisation and reduction of the armed forces, which intensified after the Czech Republic joined NATO on 12 March 1999.

The Czech Republic is a member of the United Nations and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

Active Reserve ( in Czech Aktivní záloha ) is a part of the otherwise professional Army of the Czech Republic.

Examples of cognates in Indo-European languages are the words night ( English ), nuit ( French ), Nacht ( German ), nacht ( Dutch ), nag ( Afrikaans ), nicht ( Scots ), natt ( Swedish, Norwegian ), nat ( Danish ), nátt ( Faroese ), nótt ( Icelandic ), noc ( Czech, Slovak, Polish ), ночь, noch ( Russian ), ноќ, noć ( Macedonian ), нощ, nosht ( Bulgarian ), ніч, nich ( Ukrainian ), ноч, noch / noč ( Belarusian ), noč ( Slovene ), noć ( Serbo-Croatian ), νύξ, nyx ( Ancient Greek, νύχτα / nyhta in Modern Greek ), nox ( Latin ), nakt-( Sanskrit ), natë ( Albanian ), noche ( Spanish ), nos ( Welsh ), nueche ( Asturian ), noite ( Portuguese and Galician ), notte ( Italian ), nit ( Catalan ), noapte ( Romanian ), nakts ( Latvian ) and naktis ( Lithuanian ), all meaning " night " and derived from the Proto-Indo-European ( PIE ), " night ".

The name čeština " Czech " is derived from a Slavic tribe of Czechs ( Čech, pl.

The variant English name " Bohemian " was used until the late 19th century, reflecting the original English name of the Czech state derived from the Celtic tribe of Boii who inhabited the area since the 4th century BC.

For example, the words preservative ( English ), préservatif ( French ), Präservativ ( German ), prezervativ ( Romanian, Czech, Croatian ), preservativ ( Slovenian ), preservativo ( Italian, Spanish, Portuguese ), prezerwatywa ( Polish ), презерватив " prezervativ " ( Russian, Serbian, Bulgarian ), prezervatif ( Turkish ), præservativ ( Danish ), prezervatyvas ( Lithuanian ), Prezervatīvs ( Latvian ) and preservatiu ( Catalan ) are all derived from the Latin word praeservativum.

In its original Czech, robota means forced labour of the kind that serfs had to perform on their masters ' lands, and is derived from rab, meaning " slave.

Although the dance didn't originate in Poland, the Oxford Etymological Dictionary claims its name is derived from the Czech polka meaning " Polish woman " ( feminine form corresponding to polák, a Pole ).

The name of the mountain is said to have derived from the monks ' cowls ( the Kutten ) or from the word mining ( kutání in old Czech ).

The spelling in Russian and other Slavic languages ( like Polish " Kościej " or Czech " Kostěj ") suggests that his name may be derived from the word kost ( rus.

Earlier, it was thought that Bräslav was the person who gave the town Pressburg its German name Brezalauspurc ( see 907 ), later Pressburg, and maybe also its new Slovak name Bratislava ; nowadays, it is assumed that Pressburg / Brezalauspurc is a distortion of Predeslausburg, a name derived from Predslav, who was ( according to some historians ) the ruler of Bratislava around 900 and the 3rd son of the Great Moravian king Svätopluk ; the modern Slovak name Bratislava, however, is assumed to be derived ( by mistake ) from the name of the Czech ruler Bretislav I.

These forms are derived from the old Slavic / Czech form of this name: Vencslav.

For example, the Italian male name Andrea ( derived from Greek Andreas ) is understood as a female name in many languages, like German, Hungarian, Czech, Spanish.

Examples for a Slavic root comprise ' Lessing ', which sounds German but was derived from the Slavic expression for " forest settler ", and " Kafka ", which in Czech means " jackdaw ".

The name comes from the Late Middle High German Quark, which in turn is derived through twarc, quarc, zwarg from the Lower Sorbian Slavic tvarog, ( Polish twaróg, Belarusian тварог, Russian творог, and Czech and Slovak tvaroh, which means " curd ".

* Peasants in the Czech lands ( at the time a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire ) who revolted against rich landowners in the late 19th century were called " robotniks ," derived from the Czech words for " work " and " forced labor " and an older Slavic term for " slave.

The word " Autobot ", according to Ratchet, is an abbreviation of the phrase Autonomous robotic organisms, making it seem like Autobot is likely the Transformers species name in this continuity ( the irony being that the term robot is derived from the Czech word " robota " for ' work ' and thus expresses the opposite of autonomy ).

The Turkish and modern Slavic names are derived from the Hungarian one: Serbian Ostrogon and Estergon, Croatian Ostrogon, Turkish Estergon, Polish Ostrzyhom, Slovak Ostrihom and Czech Ostřihom ( o is a familiar prefix in Slavic languages, and all-Slavic g is Czech and Slovak h ).

Czech Rakousko and Slovak Rakúsko neither derived from German Österreich nor from Latin Austria.

The word sejm and sejmik are derived from old Czech sejmovat, which means " to bring together " or " to summon ".

The name was derived from an old Czech word for water flowing through meadows.

* the Czech svatý Dyndy ( gibberish word, rhyming with " nikdy "-never ) or in older Czech svatý Nikdejš ( nonsense mocking word derived also from " nikdy "-never )

In Roman times, a main route ran south from the Baltic coast in through the land of the Boii ( modern Czech Republic and Slovakia ) to the head of the Adriatic Sea ( modern Gulf of Venice ).

" In May 2002, she made a speech to the people of Afghanistan through Radio Liberty, a radio station in Prague, Czech Republic.

Luxembourg is represented in Estonia through its embassy in Prague ( Czech Republic ).

* Luxembourg is represented in Ukraine through its embassy in Prague ( Czech Republic ) and through an honorary consulate in Kiev.

Before that, it fostered regional integration and trade through the Central European Free Trade Agreement ( CEFTA ), which included Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia.

Related words in a few modern Indo-European languages are Russian doroga ( way, road ), Polish droga ( way, road ), Czech dráha ( way, track ), Serbo-Croatian draga ( path through a valley ), and Norwegian dialect drog ( trail of animals ; valley ).

Albert himself descended from Béla IV of Hungary through his daughter Ilona whose descendant was a princess of Brieg who became Albert's ancestress the countess of Hainaut and Holland, and from a younger sister of Queen Elisabeth of Bohemia, thus descending from both Constances of Hungary, and also from King Géza II of Hungary through his daughter Elisabeth who married Bedrich of Czech, their daughter being an ancestress of Albert's maternal Bavarian line.

In the Czech Republic, the Masopust festival takes place from Epiphany ( Den tří králů ) through Ash Wednesday ( Popeleční středa ).

The Vltava (; ) is the longest river in the Czech Republic, running north from its source near the German Border in Šumava through Český Krumlov, České Budějovice, and Prague, merging with the Elbe at Mělník.

The best-known of the classical Czech composer Bedřich Smetana's set of six symphonic poems Má vlast (" My Motherland ") is called Vltava ( or The Moldau ), and is a musical depiction of the river's course through Bohemia.

Soviet conventional superiority, shown by the fact that the Soviet Union certainly was prepared for war in Europe, having massed armored, mechanized, artillery, and air forces poised along the Inner German and Czech borders, led by the dreaded Third Shock Army of the Soviet Union, caused NATO to consider the use of tactical nuclear weapons to stop the " steamroller " of the Red Army if they decided to take a drive through the Fulda Gap or an amble through the North German Plain.

These obstacles may have left Russia on a far worse footing than other former Communist-led states to Russia's west that were also going through dual economic and political transitions, such as Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, which have fared better since the collapse of the Eastern bloc between 1989 and 1991.

Several hiking trails of the Czech Tourist Club also pass through Brno.

A ' Yes ' vote was urged by a massive campaign by the main parties and by civil society and the social partners, including campaigning through canvassing and all forms of media by respected pro-European figures like then EP president Pat Cox, former Czech president Václav Havel, former President of Ireland Patrick Hillery and former Taoiseach ( prime minister ) Dr. Garret Fitzgerald.

* Extreme weather: The peak of a 100-year flood of the Vltava River surges through the Czech Republic into the Elbe in Germany.

Countries like Italy, France, Belgium, Germany ( then Holy Roman Empire ), Czech Republic ( town of Vamberk ), Slovenia ( town of Idrija ), Finland ( town of Rauma ) England ( town of Honiton ), Hungary, Ireland, Malta, Russia, Spain, Turkey and others all have established heritage expressed through lace.

Though an alternate view is that the term was coined by the Czech art historian Antonin Matějček in 1910, as the opposite of impressionism: " An Expressionist wishes, above all, to express himself ... ( an Expressionist rejects ) immediate perception and builds on more complex psychic structures ... Impressions and mental images that pass through mental peoples soul as through a filter which rids them of all substantial accretions to produce their clear essence are assimilated and condense into more general forms, into types, which he transcribes through simple short-hand formulae and symbols.

Originally the railroad was supposed to go through Veseli ( named after a town in the Czech Republic and spelled Wessely in the early years ) but the route was changed at the last minute.