It has been hypothesized that Charles Darwin might have suffered from Chagas disease as a result of a bite of the so-called great black bug of the Pampas ( vinchuca ) ( see Charles Darwin's illness ).

: May 3, 1860: " Mr. Darwin has written a work which will constitute an era in geology & natural history to show that ... the descendants of common parents may become in the course of ages so unlike each other as to be entitled to rank as a distinct species, from each other or from some of their progenitors ".

Situated on the Timor Sea, Darwin has a population of 127, 500, making it by far the largest and most populated city in the sparsely populated Northern Territory, but the least populous of all Australia's capital cities.

" Creationists use the term Darwinism, often pejoratively, to imply that the theory has been held as true only by Darwin and a core group of his followers, whom they cast as dogmatic and inflexible in their belief.

Northcutt has stated five requirements for a Darwin Award:

Lyell's books had widespread influence, not least on the up and coming young geologist Charles Darwin who read them with enthusiasm during his voyage on the Beagle, and has been described as Lyell's first disciple.

Studies of Charles Darwin's notebooks have shown that Darwin arrived separately at the idea of natural selection which he set out in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, but it has been speculated that he may have had some half-forgotten memory from his time as a student in Edinburgh of ideas of selection in nature as set out by Hutton, and by William Charles Wells and Patrick Matthew who had both been associated with the city before publishing their ideas on the topic early in the 19th century.

The primordialist evolutionary view of nationalism has its origins in the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin that were later substantially elaborated by John Tooby and Leda Cosmides.

The sudden appearance of most species in the geologic record and the lack of evidence of substantial gradual change in most species — from their initial appearance until their extinction — has long been noted, including by Charles Darwin who appealed to the imperfection of the record as the favored explanation.

Though the finches were less important for Darwin, more recent research has shown the birds now known as Darwin's finches to be a classic case of adaptive evolutionary radiation.

A more recent study by science historian John van Wyhe has determined that the idea that Darwin delayed publication only dates back to the 1940s, and Darwin's contemporaries thought the time he took was reasonable.

Huxley wanted science to be secular, without religious interference, and his article in the April 1860 Westminster Review promoted scientific naturalism over natural theology, praising Darwin for " extending the domination of Science over regions of thought into which she has, as yet, hardly penetrated " and coining the term " Darwinism " as part of his efforts to secularise and professionalise science.

In his autobiography, Darwin wrote that " The old argument of design in nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection has been discovered ".

In the opening lines of that work, Darwin writes that his intent is " to throw some light on the origin of species — that mystery of mysteries, as it has been called by one of our greatest philosophers ", referring to Herschel.

Discovery of the great depth of the volcanic remnant beneath many atolls such as at Midway Atoll favors the Darwin explanation, although there can be little doubt that fluctuating sea level has had considerable influence on atolls and other reefs.

Darwin is now only available as source code, except for the ARM variant, which has not been released in any form separately from iOS.

Work concerning female behavior in many species of animals has sought to confirm Darwin ’ s basic idea of female preference for males with certain characteristics as a major force in the evolution of species.

The synthesis as it exists now has extended the scope of the Darwinian idea of natural selection to include subsequent scientific discoveries and concepts unknown to Darwin, such as DNA and genetics, which allow rigorous, in many cases mathematical, analyses of phenomena such as kin selection, altruism, and speciation.

It also has lookouts towards the city of Darwin.

The park has extensive fire trails suitable for bush walking, as well as a mountain bike trail maintained by the Darwin Off-Road Cyclists Club.

Federally, Darwin is located in California's 25th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R + 7 and is represented by Republican Buck McKeon.

The notion of a food web has a historical foothold in the writings of Charles Darwin and his terminology, including an " entangled bank ", " web of life ", " web of complex relations ", and in reference to the decomposition actions of earthworms he talked about " the continued movement of the particles of earth ".

The notion of a food web has a historical foothold in the writings of Charles Darwin and his terminology, including an " entangled bank ", " web of life ", " web of complex relations ", and in reference to the decomposition actions of earthworms he talked about " the continued movement of the particles of earth ".

: There is nothing in modern philosophy that appears to me so extraordinary, as the revival of what has long been considered as the exploded doctrine of equivocal, or, as Dr. Darwin calls it, spontaneous generation ; by which is meant the production of organized bodies from substances that have no organization, as plants and animals from no pre-existing germs of the same kinds, plants without seeds, and animals without sexual intercourse.

Beginning as an outpost established with the Australian Overland Telegraph Line on the North-South transport route between Darwin and Adelaide, Katherine has grown with the development of transport and local industries including mining-particularly gold mining ; a strategic military function with RAAF Base Tindal ; also as a tourism gateway to the attractions of nearby Nitmiluk National Park, particularly Katherine Gorge and its many ancient rock paintings.

A foundation sport of the Arafura Games, Basketball has grown from a 4 team competition with teams from around the Darwin region to an 8 team international competition with teams from all over the world.

Iconic 1868 portrait by Julia Margaret Cameron showing the bushy beard Darwin had grown by April 1866.

Darwin was young and generally in good health, though six months previously he had been ill for a month near Valparaiso, but in 1837, almost a year after he returned to England, he began to suffer intermittently from a strange group of symptoms, becoming incapacitated for much of the rest of his life.

On the return of the Beagle ( October 1836 ) Lyell invited Darwin to dinner and from then on they were close friends.

Although Darwin discussed evolutionary ideas with him from 1842, Lyell continued to reject evolution in each of the first nine editions of the Principles.

The Antiquity of Man ( published in early February 1863, just before Huxley's Man's place in nature ) drew these comments from Darwin to Huxley:

However, Darwinism is also used neutrally within the scientific community to distinguish modern evolutionary theories, sometimes called " NeoDarwinism ", from those first proposed by Darwin.

* the writings of David Hume and Immanuel Kant ( and later, Charles Darwin ), which increased doubt about the first cause argument and the argument from design, turning many ( though not all ) potential deists towards atheism instead

The Darwin Awards books state that an attempt is made to disallow known urban legends from the awards, but some older " winners " have been ' grandfathered ' to keep their awards.

In her spare time, she organized chain letters from family members into the original Darwin Awards website hosted in her personal account space at Stanford.

In addition, later revisions to the qualification criteria add several requirements that have not been made into formalized ' rules ': innocent bystanders cannot be in danger, and the qualifying event must be caused without deliberate intent ( to prevent glory-seekers from purposely injuring themselves solely to win a Darwin ).

While the Darwin Awards are named after Charles Darwin, due to his theory of natural selection, there is no evidence that the stories depicted actually represent the removal of " judgement impairment genes " from the gene pool.

Neither Charles Darwin nor anyone else in his time knew the answer to the species problem: how multiple species could evolve from a single common ancestor.

Butler developed the three chapters of Erewhon that make up " The Book of the Machines " from a number of articles that he had contributed to The Press, which had just begun publication in Christchurch, New Zealand, beginning with " Darwin among the Machines " ( 1863 ).

Nothing could be further from my intention, and few things would be more distasteful to me than any attempt to laugh at Mr. Darwin ....

* " Darwin Among the Machines " — ( To the Editor of The Press, Christchurch, New Zealand, 13 June 1863 ) from the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre

The SOI is computed from fluctuations in the surface air pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin, Australia.

When Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, the oldest animal fossils were those from the Cambrian Period, now known to be about 540 million years old.

Using uniformitarianism, which states that one cannot make an appeal to any force or phenomenon which cannot presently be observed ( see catastrophism ), Darwin theorized that the evolutionary process must occur gradually, not in saltations, since saltations are not presently observed, and extreme deviations from the usual phenotypic variation would be more likely to be selected against.

Gibraltar was a landing point of the long-range submarine cable that from Porthcurno, in the United Kingdom ran to Lisbon, Gibraltar, Malta, Alexandria, Suez, Aden, Bombay, over land to the east coast of India, then on to Penang, Malacca, Singapore, Batavia ( current Jakarta ), to finally reach Darwin, Australia.

He also drafted an article on The part played by labour in the transition from Ape to Man, apparently a theory of anthropogenesis which would integrate the insights of Marx and Charles Darwin.

By showing how simple unintelligent forces can ratchet up designs of extraordinary complexity without invoking outside design, Darwin showed that an intelligent designer was not the necessary conclusion to draw from complexity in nature.