Margaret Singer defines " Deprogramming providing members with information about the cult and showing them how their own decision-making power had been taken away from them " ( Singer 1995 ), a definition which is also applicable to exit counseling.

* Randal Watters: Deprogramming and Exit-Counseling Describes the procedure of exit counseling

* Deprogramming is essentially a content-oriented persuasion approach that sometimes involves abduction and typically involves forced detention.

Deprogramming is an attempt to force a person to abandon allegiance to a religious, political, economic, or social group.

* Deprogramming on xFamily. org, a wiki about the Family International cult

Deprogramming is commissioned by relatives, often parents of adult offspring, who object to someone's membership in an organization or group.

Deprogramming has often been associated with kidnapping, which has in some cases been part of the procedure.

In the 1980s in the United States, namely in New York ( Deprogramming Bill, 1981 ), Kansas ( Deprogramming Bill, 1982 ), and Nebraska ( conservatorship legislation for 1985 ), lawmakers unsuccessfully attempted to legalize involuntary deprogramming.

Deprogramming typically costs $ 10, 000 or more, mainly because of the expense of a security team.

* Dubrow-Eichel, Steve K., Ph. D .: Deprogramming: A Case Study, Cultic Studies Journal

* Stephen A. Kent and Josef Szimhart: Exit Counseling and the Decline of Deprogramming., Cultic Studies Review 1 No. 3, 2002

* Deprogramming, Exit Counseling, and Ethics: Clarifying the Confusion-by Michael D. Langone and Paul R. Martin, from the Viewpoint column of the Christian Research Journal, Winter 1993, page 46.

* Deprogramming Article in Unification Church sponsored wiki-encyclopedia.

* After the Deprogramming ( 2005 ), the band's second full-length album, recorded, engineered and released by Rodent Records.

Deprogramming was mainly involuntary, the targets were not required to agree to the procedure, they were often taken by force and then held against their will.

* Kent, Stephen A. and Szimhart, Joseph: Exit Counseling and the Decline of Deprogramming., Cultic Studies Review 1 No. 3, 2002

" Deprogramming, brainwashing and the medicalization of deviant religious groups " Social Problems 29 pp 283 – 97.

* The Brainwashing / Deprogramming Controversy: Historical, Sociological, Psychological and Legal Perspectives.

* " Deprogramming " entry in Lindsay Jones, editor-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Religion.

* Agents of Discord: The Cult Awareness Network, Deprogramming and Bad Science.

Similar actions, when done without force, are called " exit counseling ".

One of main objections raised to deprogramming ( as well as to exit counseling ) is the contention that they begin with a false premise.

He is one of the major proponents of exit counseling as a form of intervention therapy, and he refers to his method as " strategic intervention therapy.

In exit counseling the cult member is free to leave at any time.

The psychological and legal risks in exit counseling are much smaller.

Although deprogrammers prepare families for the process, exit counselors tend to work more closely with families and expect them to contribute more to the process ; that is, exit counseling requires that families establish a reasonable and respectful level of communication with their loved one before the exit counseling proper can begin.

However, the practice of deprogramming fell out of favor in the West and was largely superseded by exit counseling.

Perhaps notable among the sociologists of religion is Eileen Barker, who criticizes theories of conversion precisely because they function to justify costly interventions such as deprogramming or exit counseling.

Exit counseling is distinguished from deprogramming by the fact that it is a voluntary procedure, that the follower is treated with respect, can leave any time, and that the decision to stay with the group or leave it is wholly up to the follower and will be accepted by the exit counselor.

When deprogramming fell into disfavor in the late 1980s and early 1990s, exit counseling was born.

Unlike deprogramming, which is usually defined as including coercive factors, exit counseling is usually seen as a voluntary agreement between a follower and an exit counseling specialist to talk about the follower's involvement with the group and it is usually done in presence of the family of the follower.

The exit counseling specialist is usually hired by concerned relatives or marriage partner of the follower.

Exit counselors who abide by an ethics code, e. g. Steven Hassan, author of the book Combatting Cult Mind Control, Rick Ross, or the Thought Reform Consultants including Carol Giambalvo and David Clark, confirm in accordance with their code that exit counseling is a voluntary procedure, that the follower is treated with respect, can leave any time, if he or she wishes, and that the decision to stay with the group or leave it is wholly up to the follower and will be accepted as it is by the exit counselor.

Carol Giambalvo, David Clark, Steven Hassan and Rick Ross describe an exit counseling with the following steps: ( Giambalvo 1992, Clark 1993, Hassan 2000, )

* Prior to the exit counseling, the exit counselor has meetings with the family who want the exit counseling, where the specific concerns of the family are determined, the family is informed about the group and its teachings, the goal of the exit counseling: an informed choice of the follower to either stay in the group or leave it, the results which can be expected, as well as further supportive steps when the follower does decide to leave his group.

Contestants are sometimes permitted to exit the house in case of emergencies.

With sinus node dysfunction ( sometimes called sick sinus syndrome ), there may be disordered automaticity or impaired conduction of the impulse from the sinus node into the surrounding atrial tissue ( an " exit block ").

Parasites whose life cycle involves the death of the host, to exit the present host and sometimes to enter the next, evolve to be more virulent or even alter the behavior or other properties of the host to make it more vulnerable to predators.

However, sometimes jumps are designated tailgate, which is where the tailgate is lowered and the jumpers exit the aft end of the aircraft.

East of Middle Street in Honolulu ( exit 19A ), H-1 is also known as the Lunalilo Freeway and is sometimes signed as such at older signs in central Honolulu.

Less commonly, a Chinese fire drill may refer to a literal fire drill on a school bus or the aforementioned gag executed by misbehaving students on a stopped school bus, sometimes involving use of the rear emergency exit.

* Seneca Junction ( sometimes " Allegany Junction " or " Bradford Junction ") – A hamlet at the junction of Routes 219 and 417, near Interstate 86 exit 23.

Hydrants are also sometimes used as entry or exit points for pipe cleaning pigs.

* Full-sized submarines which frogmen can exit and return to, sometimes through an airlock or a torpedo tube.

Some countries require that their citizens, and sometimes foreign travelers, obtain an " exit visa " in order to be allowed to leave the country.

To satisfy this formal requirement, exit visas need sometimes to be issued.

The term loading gauge can also refer to a physical structure, sometimes using electronic detectors using light beams on an arm or gantry placed over the exit lines of goods yards or at the entry point to a restricted part of a network.

However, they can also kill or injure the player character, destroy powerups, and sometimes " anger " the exit, causing it to generate more enemies.

But because electrons can make large angle scatterings ( sometimes backscatterings ), they can exit the detector without depositing their full energy in it.

" This is sometimes referred to as " exit value ".

However, infinite loops can sometimes be used purposely, often with an exit from the loop built into the loop implementation for every computer language, but many share the same basic structure and / or concept.

This housing queue was very slow ( much slower then employer's one ), and sometimes it took the person's whole life to get the apartment at the exit of the queue.

Chipping on exit can be minimized by using a piece of wood as backing behind the work piece, and the same technique is sometimes used to keep the hole entry neat.

Werri Lagoon, which ( sometimes ) empties to the sea at the northern end of Werri Beach, used to naturally exit near the Gerringong Surf Club at the south end ... until human intervention occurred in the 1960s.

The term exit pupil is also sometimes used to refer to the diameter of the virtual aperture.

Older literature on optics sometimes refers to the exit pupil as the Ramsden disc, named after English instrument-maker Jesse Ramsden.

Often when two routes with exit numbers overlap ( concurrency ), one of the routes has its exit numbers dominate over the other and can sometimes result in having two exits of the same number, albeit far from each other along the same highway.

Some countries, such as the former Soviet Union, further required that their citizens, and sometimes foreign travelers, obtain an exit visa to be allowed to leave the country.