The siege lasted until June 774, when, in return for the lives of his soldiers and subjects, Desiderius surrendered and opened the gates.

In the tenth month of the siege, famine was hitting Pavia hard and Desiderius, realising that he was left on his own, opened the gates to Charles and surrendered on some Tuesday in June.

In 771, Charlemagne reunited the Frankish domains after a further period of division, subsequently conquering the Lombards under Desiderius in what is now northern Italy ( 774 ), incorporating Bavaria ( 788 ) into his realm, defeating the Avars of the Danubian plain ( 796 ), advancing the frontier with Islamic Spain as far south as Barcelona ( 801 ), and subjugating Lower Saxony after a prolonged campaign ( 804 ).

After Charlemagne had defeated the Lombards under the command of Desiderius in 774, Pisa went through a crisis but soon recovered.

It continued to function as the administrative centre of the kingdom, but by the reign of Desiderius, it had deteriorated as a first-rate defensive work and Charlemagne took it in the Siege of Pavia ( June, 774 ) assuming the kingship of the Lombards.

The Siege or Battle of Pavia was fought in 773 – 774 in northern Italy, near Ticinum ( modern Pavia ), and resulted in the victory of the Franks under Charlemagne against the Lombards under king Desiderius.

At Verona Adalgisus, son of Desiderius, in 774 made his last desperate resistance to Charlemagne, who had destroyed the Lombard kingdom.

* Desiderius ( 756 – 774 )

Anselm spent the seven years of his exile at the Benedictine monastery of Monte Cassino, but returned to Nonantola after Desiderius was taken prisoner by Charlemagne in 774.

In 758, king Desiderius briefly captured Spoleto and Benevento, but with Charlemagne's conquest of the Lombard kingdom in 774, Arechis II tried to claim the royal dignity and make Benevento a secundum Ticinum: a second Pavia ( the old Lombard capital ).

In 774 Desiderius, last King of the Lombards, was exiled here after his defeat by Charlemagne.

But when Pope Hadrian I called for help from the powerful king Charlemagne, Desiderius was defeated at Susa and besieged in Pavia, while his son Adelchis had also to open the gates of Verona to Frankish troops.

Shortly after Adrian's accession the territory ruled by the papacy was invaded by Desiderius, king of the Lombards, and Adrian was compelled to seek the assistance of the Frankish king Charlemagne, who entered Italy with a large army.

Charlemagne besieged Desiderius in his capital of Pavia.

Consequently, an embassy was sent to the Lombard king, Desiderius, in 770, which included Charlemagne ’ s mother, Bertrada of Laon.

It is also possible that discussions took place around the marriage of Charlemagne ’ s sister, Gisela to Desiderius ’ son, Adalgis.

In an attempt to forestall the potential intervention of Charlemagne, Desiderius had Stephen write a letter to the Frankish king wherein he declared that Christophorus and Sergius had been involved in a plot with an envoy of Charlemagne ’ s brother, Carloman, to kill the Pope.

* At request of the Pope Adrian I, Charlemagne crosses the Alps and invades the kingdom of the Lombards headed by the king Desiderius

Charlemagne had defeated Desiderius two years earlier, and Adelchis had fled to Byzantium.

However it was, by the end of the year Bertrada and Charlemagne had successfully encircled Carloman: Charlemagne had married Desiderata, the daughter of the Lombard king Desiderius, Carloman's immediate eastern neighbor, and the marriage created an alliance between Charlemagne and the Lombards ; Bertrada had also secured for Charlemagne the friendship of Tassilo, Duke of Bavaria, her husband's nephew ; she had even attempted to secure Papal support for the marriage by arranging for Desiderius to cede to Rome certain territories to which the Papacy laid claim, although Pope Stephen III remained in theory hostile to an alliance between his allies the Franks and his enemies the Lombards, and in reality deeply conflicted between the threat the Lombards posed to him and the chance to dispose of the anti-Lombard Christopher the Primicerius, the dominant figure at the Papal court.

He had been left without allies: he attempted to use his brother's alliance with the Lombards to his own advantage in Rome, offering his support against the Lombards to Stephen III and entering into secret negotiations with the Primicerius, Christopher, whose position had also been left seriously isolated by the Franco-Lombard rapprochement ; but after the violent murder of Christopher by Desiderius, Stephen III chose to give his support to the Lombards and Charlemagne.

Desiderius, outraged and humiliated, appears to have made some sort of alliance with Carloman following this, in opposition to Charlemagne and the Papacy, which took the opportunity to declare itself against the Lombards.

Desiderius and his family were captured, tonsured, and sent to Frankish religious houses ; the fate of Gerberga and her children by Carloman is unknown, although it is likely that they, too, were sent by Charlemagne to monasteries and nunneries.

Moreover, Gerberga, the widow of Charlemagne's brother Carloman, sought the protection of the Lombard king after her husband's death in 771 ; and — probably in return for the insult Charlemagne had given to the Lombards by rejecting Desiderata — Desiderius recognised Gerberga's sons as lawful heirs, and attacked Pope Adrian for refusing to crown them kings and invaded the Pentapolis.

Instead of going to the monastery has they had vowed, father and son headed straight for Theodicius of Spoleto, who took them to an interview with Desiderius, the King of the Lombards.

In Praise of Folly ( Greek title: Morias Enkomion ( Μωρίας Εγκώμιον ), Latin: Stultitiae Laus, sometimes translated as In Praise of More, Dutch title: Lof der Zotheid ) is an essay written in Latin in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in 1511.

Bart Ehrman suggests in his book Misquoting Jesus that the King James Version would not have included the passage if Desiderius Erasmus had not given in to pressure to include it in the Textus Receptus even though he doubted its authenticity.

Their antipathy towards the Lombards and general pro-Frankish stance caused King Desiderius to engineer their downfall.

* Desiderius, last King of the Lombards from 756-774

* King Desiderius of the Lombards captures Spoleto and Benevento.

It was fortified in 773 by the Lombard King Desiderius in his vain attempt to conquer Rome.

The Capitolium used to house the Brescia Roman museum but it has been moved to the nearby Santa Giulia ( St Julia ) complex, a former powerful nunnery, which during Lombard domination was headed by Princess Anselperga, daughter of King Desiderius.

Abstract expressionism was an influence in artists Ralph Balson ( 1890 – 1964 ), influential art teachers John Passmore and Desiderius Orban, Carl Plate ( 1907 – 1977 ), Inge King, Nancy Borlase ( 1914 – 2006 ), William Rose, Tony Tuckson ( 1921 – 1973 ) Tom Gleghorn, Ann Thomson, Stan Rapotec, Clement Meadmore ( 1929 – 2005 ) and Yvonne Audette ( 1930 -).

Shortly after Pepin's birth, an alliance was formulated between Charlemagne and the King of the Lombards, Desiderius.

In 772, it was destroyed by the Lombards of King Desiderius.

Desiderius, who succeeded Aistulf as King of the Lombards in 756, banished Anselm from Nonantula in favor of his own protégé.

In the story of Sholto Douglas, his youngest son, William ( or Guillelmo ) Douglas is a commander of forces sent by the mythical Scottish king Achaius, to the court of Charlemagne to aid him in his wars against Desiderius, King of the Lombards.

Ansa, wife of King Desiderius, founded a monastery and a church in the city.

), to the court of Charlemagne to aid him in his wars against Desiderius, King of the Lombards.

After the bloody battle during which Charlemagne defeated the Longobard King Desiderius in 773, its name changed.

Martyn: King Sisebut and the culture of Visigothic Spain, with translations of the lives of Saint Desiderius of Vienne and Saint Masona of Mérida, Lewiston 2008.