Despite Napoleon's pleas that he abdicate and leave Mexico, Maximilian refused to abandon the Mexican conservatives who had supported him, and remained alongside them until the bitter end, when he was captured by the Republicans and then shot on 19 June 1867.

Despite all these setbacks, the army and its officers retained total confidence in Napoleon's ability to lead them to victory and morale remained high.

Despite his oath of allegiance to the restored monarchy, the loyal Ney had rallied to Napoleon's banner immediately upon his landing in southern France and had led a corps into battle at Waterloo.

Despite his normal height, Napoleon's name has been lent to the Napoleon complex, a colloquial term describing an alleged type of inferiority complex which is said to affect some people who are physically short.

Despite being outnumbered, Napoleon's 113, 000 troops split the 161, 000 strung-out Austrians into two forces.

Despite this auspicious beginning, Admiral Horatio Nelson's victory in the Battle of the Nile ten days later ended Napoleon's hopes for a conquest of the Middle East.

Despite the abolition of the German monarchy in 1918, the House of Hohenzollern never relinquished their claims to the thrones of Prussia and the German Empire.

Despite Hitler's abolition of Poland and his policy of considering Poles sub-human, a few thousand ethnic Poles did volunteer to be German collaborators in the Granatowa policja.

Despite these measures, however, the Heath Government encouraged a significant increase in welfare spending, and Thatcher blocked Macleod's other posthumous Education policy: the abolition of the Open University, which had recently been founded by the preceding Labour Government.

Despite calls for their abolition, the New Zealand Law Commission recommended their preservation in a 2001 report titled Subsidising Litigation.

Despite his close relationship with the Chinese classics, he promoted the abolition of classical Chinese.

Despite this proposal, Guillotin was opposed to the death penalty and hoped that a more humane and less painful method of execution would be the first step toward a total abolition of the death penalty.

Despite the equalisation of rates, the dispute regarding the moneys paid for outdoor relief would continue for some years until the abolition of the Poor Law Unions, and therefore Poplar's power to provide outdoor relief, under the Local Government Act 1929.

Despite the unequivocal abolition called for by the 1559 Act, payments termed Peter's Pence undoubtedly continued in England in the succeeding centuries.

Despite the abolition of the monarchy, the former King was laid to rest in front of the royal family, the Bavarian government, military personnel, and an estimated 100, 000 spectators, in the style of royal funerals.

Despite having favored states ' rights and opposed the abolition of slavery, during the American Civil War, he supported the Union.

Despite racial tensions in Saint Domingue, the French revolutionary government at the time welcomed abolition with a show of idealism and optimism.

Despite the semi-official abolition of the Kingdom of Poland, the tsars of Russia retained the title " Tsar of Poland ".

Despite the manpower and technical limitations imposed upon the German Army by the Treaty of Versailles, several Reichswehr officers established a clandestine General Staff to study World War I and develop future strategies and tactics.

Despite being a clandestine and relatively small army unit, former Sayeret Matkal veterans have a disproportionate influence on the army and public service.

Despite his personal courage and fanatical dedication to the revolutionary cause, Nechayev's methods ( later called Nechayevshchina ) were viewed to have caused harm to the Russian revolutionary movement by endangering clandestine organizations.

Despite British disapproval, the clandestine settlement continued, though without the benefit of schools and essential services.

Despite the Russian cultural dominance in the city, enthusiasts among ethnic Ukrainian nobles, military and merchants made recurrent attempts to preserve native culture in Kiev ( by clandestine book-printing, amateur theater, folk studies etc.

Despite its establishment within his kingdom, Afonso believed that the slave trade should be subject to Kongo law.

Despite Radical Republican associations, John Dahlgren's younger brother Charles G. Dahlgren ( 1811 – 1888 ) was a strong proponent of slave ownership and was a Confederate Brigadier General, Commander of the 3rd Brigade, Army of Mississippi, which he personally funded.

Despite Lincoln's concerns that immediate emancipation in the South might drive some slave holding Unionists to support the Confederacy, the national mood was quickly moving against slavery, especially within the Army.

Despite courting controversy by accusing manager Rafael Benítez of ' treating him like a slave ', he insisted that he had no ill feelings towards the club or anyone associated with it and only wanted to leave after failing to make Poland's World Cup squad, but still stayed on for another year at the manager's request.

Despite the exploits of Lok and Towerson, John Hawkins of Plymouth is often considered to be the pioneer of the British slave trade, because he was the first to run the Triangular trade, making a profit at every stop.

Despite his considerable wealth, he pays his workers poorly, and it is hinted that he once employed slave labour in Africa.

His grandmother was a slave in Barbados Despite being of mixed heritage, he was referred to as ' black '.

Despite the fact that she confessed to a capital offense and was a slave, Tituba was never tried or executed for her role in the witchcraft trials.

Despite the culpability of Bywaters, whose only claim to leniency was that he had been led astray by Edith, which was an unlikely proposition due to his reported lack of innocence, the press of the day " hardened in favour of condemnation of the woman and forgiveness of the youth because he was a weak and often unwilling slave of her stronger will.

Despite the change in the Buckwheat character's gender, Billie Thomas's androgynous costuming was not changed until his appearance as a runaway slave in the 1936 Our Gang feature film General Spanky.

Despite the manumission he was entitled to according to Magellan's will made before departure, Duarte Barbosa or João Serrão then threatened to turn him slave to the widow of Magellan.

Despite her continuous claims that Kouhei is her slave and must obey her every command, Kouhei refuses to do so.

Despite starting life as a common slave in a rural county with few apparent opportunities, Cary became educated and industrious, bought his own freedom, became both a minister and a physician, and helped found a new nation.

Despite marked progress, Armenia still suffers from a large trade imballance and is still largely dependent upon foreign aid and remittances from Armenian nationals working abroad, and members of the diaspora donating aid through non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) such as churchES.

Despite its rapid growth, the economy of Benin still remains underdeveloped and dependent on subsistence agriculture, cotton production, and regional trade.

Despite being attached to the curse, Colavito said that he never placed a curse on the Indians but that the trade was prompted by a salary dispute with Lane.

Despite occasional entanglements with European Powers such as the War of 1812 and the 1898 Spanish-American War, U. S. foreign policy was marked by steady expansion of its foreign trade and scope during the 19th century, and it maintained its policy of avoiding wars with and between European powers.

Despite this reverse, under Ezana and Kaleb the kingdom was at its height, benefiting from a large trade, which extended as far as India and Ceylon, and were in constant communication with the Byzantine Empire.

Despite this modest initiative, the financial results were excellent, as it stimulated an increase of foreign trade volume among its members from 3. 5 to 8. 2 billion US dollars between 1959 and 1967.

Despite its status as beneficiary of both the Caribbean Basin Initiative ( CBI ) and the Generalized System of Preferences ( GSP )-- both of which confer duty free status on Honduran imports to the United States — Honduras has run a long-standing trade deficit with the United States.

Despite midseason trade rumors, Beltrán would prove instrumental to the team's hopes, hitting eight home runs in the postseason.

Despite arguments prevailing on the ivory trade for the last thirty years through CITES, there is one fact that virtually all informed parties now agree-poaching of African elephants for ivory is now seriously on the increase.

Despite its external trade difficulties, Mongolia has continued to press ahead with reform.

Despite Mary's marriage to Philip, England did not benefit from Spain's enormously lucrative trade with the New World.

Despite his " isolationist " policies, Francia conducted a profitable but closely supervised import-export trade with both countries to obtain key foreign goods, particularly armaments.

Despite political complications that arose from time to time ( such as an ill-fated scheme by the British Colonial Office to enforce a confederation in Southern Africa in 1878, and tensions with the Afrikaner-dominated Government of Transvaal over trade and railroad construction ), economic and social progress in the Cape Colony continued at a steady pace until the outbreak of the Anglo-Boer Wars in 1899.

Despite the departure of most Chinese nationals from Somalia in 1991, the two countries maintained a small trading relationship ; total trade volume in 2002 was US $ 3. 39 million, with Somalia exporting US $ 1. 56 million of goods to China and importing $ 1. 83 million.

Despite their common efforts, bilateral trade has been comparatively low, valued at US $ 12. 09 million in 2005 ; India's exports to Tajikistan were valued at US $ 6. 2 million and its imports at US $ 5. 89 million.

Despite the pillaging of the kingdom, Viking rule brought lucrative trade to Northumbria, especially at their capital York.

Despite this refutation by a higher authority of their right to impinge upon Bermudian activities on the Turks, the Bahamian government continued to harass the Bermudians ( unsurprisingly, given the lucrativeness of the Turks salt trade ).

Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces however, many African states were able to ensure that any trade went on in their own terms, imposing custom duties on foreign ships, and in one case that occurred in 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.

Despite the disdain for trade, commerce, and the merchant class exhibited by the highly cultured and elite exam-drafted scholar-officials, commercialism played a prominent role in Song culture and society.

Despite any difficulties with Homer's description of the island, in classical and Roman times the island now called " Ithaca " was universally held to be the home of Odysseus ; the Hellenistic identifications of Homeric sites, such as the identifications of Lipari as the island of Aeolus, are usually taken with a grain of salt, and attributed to the ancient tourist trade.

Despite several trade offers from Montreal Canadiens ' GM Sam Pollock, Torrey refused to part with the pick.

His arguments against the doctrine of revolutionary unions known as anarcho-syndicalism were later developed in a series of articles, where he wrote “ I am against syndicalism, both as a doctrine and a practice, because it strikes me as a hybrid creature .” Despite their drawbacks, he advocated activity in the trade unions, both because they were necessary for the organization and self-defense of workers under a capitalist state regime, and as a way of reaching broader masses.

Despite success as a fishing and trade center, Monhegan would be caught in the conflict between New England and New France for control of the region.