Diogenes Laërtius, on the authority of Sotion and Panaetius, provides a long list of books said to have been written by Aristippus, though he also says that Sosicrates stated that he wrote nothing.

* In Philip José Farmer's Wold Newton Universe, specifically The Other Log of Phileas Fogg, it is stated that the real Diogenes Club was the Athenaeum Club, but that Arthur Conan Doyle changed the name for his stories.

Similar principles are stated by Zeno the Stoic, by Epicurus ( see Diogenes Laertius vii.

A similar belief was attributed by some ancient sources to Diogenes Apolloniates ( late 5th century BCE ), who also linked air with intelligence and soul ( psyche ), but other sources claim that his arche was a substance between air and fire.

Diogenes says that he abdicated the kingship ( basileia ) in favor of his brother and Strabo confirms that there was a ruling family in Ephesus descended from the Ionian founder, Androclus, which still kept the title and could sit in the chief seat at the games, as well as a few other privileges.

" Theophrastus says ( in Diogenes ) "... some parts of his work are half-finished, while other parts make a strange medley.

The same poem was said by Diogenes Laertios to have stirred Athenians more than any other verses that Solon wrote:

He was struck with horror, along with many other Romans of the graver stamp, at the licence of the Bacchanalian mysteries, which he attributed to the influence of Greek manners ; and he vehemently urged the dismissal of the philosophers ( Carneades, Diogenes, and Critolaus ), who came as ambassadors from Athens, on account of the dangerous nature of the views expressed by them.

The biographical notices, the author avers, are condensed from the Onomatologion or Pinax of Hesychius of Miletus ; other sources were the excerpts of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, the chronicle of Georgius Monachus, the biographies of Diogenes Laertius and the works of Athenaeus and Philostratus.

The modern theory is that " Laertius " is a nickname, to distinguish him from the many other people called Diogenes in the ancient world, and derived from the Homeric epithet " Diogenes Laertiade ," used in addressing Odysseus.

On the other hand, modern scholars advise that we treat Diogenes ' testimonia with care, especially when he fails to cite his sources: " Diogenes has acquired an importance out of all proportion to his merits because the loss of many primary sources and of the earlier secondary compilations has accidentally left him the chief continuous source for the history of Greek philosophy.

Diogenes Laërtius tells of other stories involving Xanthippe's supposed abusiveness, but he does not cite any source for them.

" Who Dares Wins " includes an appearance by Richard Jeperson, the central character in one of Newman's other main sets of stories, the Diogenes Club series.

Diogenes, like Anaximenes, believed air to be the one source of all being, and all other substances to be derived from it by condensation and rarefaction.

The ideas of Diogenes, like those of most other Cynics, must be arrived at indirectly.

Diogenes Laërtius gives us a list of some of the titles of the many dialogues and commentaries of Speusippus, which is of little help in determining their contents, and the fragments provided by other writers provide us with only a little extra.

The Diogenes Club has appeared, in various forms, in a great deal of other settings, most of which take as given the Club's connection to the British Secret Service:

Most of the information we have about Epicharmus comes from the writings of Athenaeus, Suda and Diogenes Laertius, but fragments and comments come up in a host of other ancient authors as well.

Very little survives of his writings, but he is important as one of the first Cynics to adopt the practice of writing moral anecdotes ( chreiai ) about Diogenes and other Cynics.

Thus he became one of the first to contribute to the most important literary art-form for the Cynics: thousands of anecdotes were accumulated ( and invented ) concerning Diogenes, Crates and other Cynics, all of them providing moral messages through the actions of the Cynics.

Some other examples of his bitter sarcasms are recorded by Diogenes ; one of which is worth quoting as a maxim in criticism: being asked by Aratus how to obtain the pure text of Homer, he replied, " If we could find the old copies, and not those with modern emendations.

On the other hand, modern scholars have advised that we treat Diogenes ' testimonia with care, especially when he fails to cite his sources: " Diogenes has acquired an importance out of all proportion to his merits because the loss of many primary sources and of the earlier secondary compilations has accidentally left him the chief continuous source for the history of Greek philosophy.

There are several passages in Cicero from which we may infer that Diogenes wrote on other subjects also, such as duty, the highest good, and the like.

As noted ( see Death ), Diogenes ' association with dogs was memorialized by the Corinthians, who erected to his memory a pillar on which rested a dog of Parian marble.

Socrates would swear by dogs and Diogenes and Varro made less than respectful comments concerning the deities.

Led by a pretender claiming to be Constantine Diogenes, a long-dead son of the Emperor Romanos IV, the Cumans crossed the mountains and raided into eastern Thrace until their leader was eliminated at Adrianople.

The first nine probably date from the 3rd century BC, they are usually included among the Cynic epistles, and reflect how the Cynic philosophers viewed him as prefiguring many of their ideas ; the tenth letter is quoted by Diogenes Laertius, it is addressed to Croesus, the proverbially rich king of Lydia, it too is fictitious:

The passage in which the above occurs has been described as " elaborately ironical ", making it unclear which of its aspects may be taken seriously, although Diogenes Laertius later confirms that there were indeed seven such individuals who were held in high esteem for their wisdom well before Plato's time.

The last " Greek " philosophers of the revived Akademia in the 6th century were drawn from various parts of the Hellenistic cultural world and suggest the broad syncretism of the common culture ( see koine ): Five of the seven Akademia philosophers mentioned by Agathias were Syriac in their cultural origin: Hermias and Diogenes ( both from Phoenicia ), Isidorus of Gaza, Damascius of Syria, Iamblichus of Coele-Syria and perhaps even Simplicius of Cilicia.

Diogenes Laertius recorded that the ancient Egyptians dated their creation to their first god Hephaestus, who by interpretatio graeca was Ptah.

The Cynicism ( philosophy ) | Cynic philosopher Diogenes of Sinope | Diogenes, pictured by Jean-Léon Gérôme | Gérôme with the large jar in which he lived ; when strangers at the inn were expressing their wish to catch sight of the great orator Demosthenes, Diogenes is said to have stuck out his middle finger and exclaimed " this, for you, is the Demagogue # History and definition of the word | demagogue of the Classical Athens | Athenians "

Diogenes shared Socrates ' belief that he could function as doctor to men's souls and improve them morally, while at the same time holding contempt for their obtuseness.

This work, judging by the quotations preserved by Diogenes Laërtius, was filled with spicy anecdotes about philosophers and their supposed taste for boy-lovers and courtesans.

It is prefaced by an address to her husband Romanos Diogenes, in which she describes the work as " a collection of genealogies of gods, heroes, and heroines, of their metamorphoses, and of the fables and stories respecting them found in the ancients ; containing also notices of various philosophers.

The Cynics Diogenes of Sinope and Crates of Thebes are both supposed to have advocated anarchistic forms of society, although little remains of their writings.

Diogenes Laertius even goes so far as to claim that Chilon was also the first person who introduced the custom of joining the ephors to the kings as their counselors.

He migrated early to Athens, and attended the lectures of the Stoics, and learned their logic from Diogenes.

The novel purports to be a commentary on the thought and early life of a German philosopher called Diogenes Teufelsdröckh ( which translates as ' god-born devil-dung '), author of a tome entitled " Clothes: their Origin and Influence ", but was actually a poioumenon.

In their actions, the malamati bore much resemblance to the Greek Cynics, such as Diogenes of Sinope and Dionysius the Areopagite, as well as to certain of the Eastern Syriac Christians, such as Isaac the Syrian.

* Simplicius and Diogenes Laërtius, in their descriptions of and commentaries on Aristotle's work

Some of their misadventures included a failed experiment in creating a bank ( first season ), getting swindled by a counterfeit money printer ( Diogenes Smith-who introduced the phrase " Wonderful World " into the series ), and Lum trying himself for a crime he didn't commit ( after all, he was simultaneously the town's only prisoner and Justice of the Peace ).

In revenge for the support of certain Pharisees for Demetrius III of Syria's invasion of Judea, Diogenes advised Alexander to crucify 800 Pharisee scholars and murder their families before their eyes.

Graetz and others, using 5 Maccabees as their source, identified Diogenes as a Sadducee.

The last " Greek " philosophers of the revived Academy in the 6th century were drawn from various parts of the Hellenistic cultural world and suggest the broad syncretism of the common culture ( see koine ): Five of the seven Academy philosophers mentioned by Agathias were Syriac in their cultural origin: Hermias and Diogenes ( both from Phoenicia ), Isidorus of Gaza, Damascius of Syria, Iamblichus of Coele-Syria and perhaps even Simplicius of Cilicia.