His A preliminary discourse on the study of natural philosophy published early in 1831 as part of Dionysius Lardner's Cabinet cyclopædia set out methods of scientific investigation with an orderly relationship between observation and theorising.

gramma meant letter, and this title means " Art of letters "), possibly written by Dionysius Thrax, lists eight parts of speech, and lays out the broad details of Greek morphology including the case structures.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( 1. 28. 1 ) cites a tradition that the supposed founder of the Etruscan settlements was Tyrrhenus, the son of Heracles by Omphale the Lydian, who drove the Pelasgians out of Italy from the cities north of the Tiber river.

There is a funeral, and she is shut up in a tomb, but then it turns out she was only in a coma, and wakes up in time to scare the pirates who have opened the tomb to rob it ; they recover quickly and take her to sell as a slave in Miletus, where her new master, Dionysius, falls in love with her and marries her, she being afraid to mention that she is already married ( and pregnant by Chaereas ).

Dionysius of Halicarnassus says that those of equestrian class wore it as well, but this is not borne out by other evidence.

Dionysius Chalcus, Alcaeus, Anacreon, Pindar, Bacchylides, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, and Antiphanes make frequent and familiar allusion to the cottabus – and it appears on vases from the era ; but in the writers of the Roman and Alexandrian period such reference as occurs shows that the fashion had died out.

The Ear of Dionysius () is an artificial limestone cave carved out of the Temenites hill in the city of Syracuse, on the island of Sicily in Italy.

The Ear of Dionysius was most likely formed out of an old limestone quarry.

He received a prize for only one out of his one hundred and sixty plays, many of them composed at the court of Dionysius II of Syracuse.

In 1738 he published at Utrecht a Dissertation sur l ' incertitude des cinq prèmiers siècles de l ' histoire romaine, in which he showed what untrustworthy guides even the historians of highest repute, such as Livy and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, were for that period, and pointed out by what methods and by the aid of what documents truly scientific bases might be given to its history.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus ' imaginative account of Romulus ' triumph ( almost certainly informed by equally nostalgic Roman sources ) led him to reflect that the triumphs of his own day ( Ca 60 BCE – after 7 BCE ) " departed in every respect from the ancient tradition of frugality ".

Dionysius of Halicarnassus exhorts us to " Observe in Alcaeus the sublimity, brevity and sweetness coupled with stern power, his splendid figures, and his clearness which was unimpaired by the dialect ; and above all mark his manner of expressing his sentiments on public affairs ," while Quintilian, after commending Alcaeus for his excellence " in that part of his works where he inveighs against tyrants and contributes to good morals ; in his language he is concise, exalted, careful and often like an orator ;" goes on to add: " but he descended into wantonnness and amours, though better fitted for higher things.

Varro may have used the consular list with its mistakes, and called the year of the first consuls " 245 ab urbe condita ", accepting the 244-year interval from Dionysius of Halicarnassus for the kings after the foundation of Rome.

Dionysius Thrax in his Art of Grammar also refers to it as " for sending ( a letter )", from the verb epistéllō " send to ", a word from the same root as epistle.

Modern historians regard the chronology as uncertain but, according to the ancient account, these predecessors included for example Dionysius of Miletus, Charon of Lampsacus, Hellanicus of Lesbos, Xanthus of Lydia and, the best attested of them all, Hecataeus of Miletus.

Above all, her words are chosen for their sheer melody: the skill with which she placed her vowels and consonants, admired by Dionysius of Halicarnassus, is evidenced by almost any stanza ; the music to which she sang them has gone, but the spoken sounds may still enchant.

The main literary sources for Servius ' life and achievements are the Roman historian Livy ( 59 BC – AD 17 ), his near contemporary Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and Plutarch ( c. 46 – 120 AD ); their own sources included works by Quintus Fabius Pictor, Diocles of Peparethus and Quintus Ennius.

Syracuse today has about 125, 000 inhabitants and numerous attractions for the visitor interested in historical sites ( such as the Ear of Dionysius ).

* Dionysius Exiguus, Scythian theologian-mathematician, inaugurates at Rome the practice of using A. D. ( Anno Domini ) for calender dates after the birth of Jesus Christ ( who is actually born in 7 B. C.

Dionysius produces also his tables for computing the date of " Cyclus Paschalis " ( Easter Tables ).

Because nouns and adjectives share these three categories, Dionysius Thrax does not clearly distinguish between the two, and uses the term ónoma for both, although some of the words that he describes as paragōgón ( pl.

The Roman Martyrology, the official list of recognized saints, references Soter: " At Rome, Saint Soter, Pope, whom Dionysius of Corinth praises for his outstanding charity towards needy exiled Christians who came to him, and towards those who had been condemned to the mines.

The earliest form of the ballista is thought to have been developed for Dionysius of Syracuse, circa 400 BC.

In the spring of 190, Rome was afflicted by a food shortage, for which the praefectus annonae Papirius Dionysius, the official actually in charge of the grain supply, contrived to lay the blame on Cleander.

Dionysius ' first war with Carthage ends with a notable victory for Dionysius, who confines his enemy's power to an area of northwest Sicily.

Fabius ' history provided a basis for the early books of Livy's Ab Urbe Condita, which he wrote inLatin, and for several Greek-language histories of Rome, including Dionysius of Halicarnassus's Roman Antiquities, written during the late 1st century BC, and Plutarch's early 2nd century Life of Romulus.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus says, however, that Romulus was 55 when he died and that he reigned for a total of 37 years, agreeing as he notes with others before him that Romulus began his reign at 18.

* Lysias, the Athenian orator, on the occasion of the Olympiad, rebukes the Greeks for allowing themselves to be dominated by the Syracusan tyrant Dionysius I and by the barbarian Persians.

Simonides was the first to establish the choral dirge as a recognized form of lyric poetry, his aptitude for it being testified, for example, by Quintillian ( see quote in the Introduction ), Horace (" Ceae ... munera neniae "), Catullus (" maestius lacrimis Simonideis ") and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, where he says:

Dionysius, the tyrant of Syracuse, aiming at hegemony in Magna Graecia, captured Croton in 379 BC and held it for twelve years.

The tradition of Acestes in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, who calls him Aegestus (), is different, for according to him, the grandfather of Aegestus quarreled with Laomedon, who slew him and gave his daughters to some merchants to convey them to a distant land.

Centuries later, the Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus in his Rhomaike Archaiologia ( Antiquitates romanae, " Roman Antiquities "), quoting Antioch of Syracuse states that Italus was an Oenotrian by birth and retells this account that Italia was named after him, alongside the other account that Italia derives its name from a word for calf, an etymology also stated by Timaeus, Varro ( Rerum Rusticarum, 2. 5 ), and Festus.

* After his surrender to the Corinthian general Timoleon, who takes over as ruler of Syracuse, the former tyrant, Dionysius II, is allowed to retire to Corinth to live in exile, although he dies within the year.

Landing at Tauromenium ( Taormina ) in the summer, Timoleon faces two armies, one under Dionysius and the other under Hicetas ( tyrant of nearby Leontini ), who has also called in Carthaginian forces.

* Dionysius II goes into exile once more after the successful invasion by Timoleon of Corinth.

The most serious charge against Timaeus is that he wilfully distorted the truth, when influenced by personal considerations: thus, he was less than fair to Dionysius I of Syracuse and Agathocles, while loud in praise of his favourite Timoleon.

Soon after Timoleon had ejected Dionysius II from Syracuse a large Carthaginian army landed in Sicily.

" Hilduin was anxious to promote the dignity of his church, and it is to him that the quite unfounded identification of the patron saint with Dionysius the Areopagite and his consequent connexion

Represented at its height by rhetoricians such as Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and grammarians such as Herodian and Phrynichus Arabius at Alexandria, this tendency prevailed from the 1st century BC onward, and with the force of an ecclesiastical dogma controlled all subsequent Greek culture, even so that the living form of the Greek language, even then being transformed into modern Greek much later, was quite obscured and only occasionally found expression, chiefly in private documents, though also in popular literature.

Dionysius said that their " manner of fighting, being in large measure that of wild beasts and frenzied, was an erratic procedure, quite lacking in military science.

Several of these cities joined the Syracusans in an attack against Dionysius which proved to be quite successful, and Dionysius was forced back into the citadel.