) During the initial collapse, this pre-main-sequence star generates energy through gravitational contraction.

During a contraction, these muscles contract causing shortening of the upper segment and drawing upwards of the lower segment, in a gradual expulsive motion.

During Margaret Thatcher's contraction of the coal industry, six pits within a two mile ( 3 km ) radius of the city centre were closed between 1979 and 1983.

During vomiting the propulsion of food up the esophagus and out the mouth comes from contraction of the abdominal muscles ; peristalsis does not reverse in the esophagus.

During the 1930s, the U. S. and the rest of the world experienced a severe economic contraction that is now called the Great Depression.

* During accommodation, the parasympathetic nervous system causes constriction of the pupil and contraction of the ciliary muscle to the lens, allowing for closer vision.

During the 1980s, migratory Japanese sardine was one of the most abundant fish in the summer and the main commercial species, but the fishery collapsed and by 1993 no sardines were reported caught leading to significant economic contraction in the few settlements on the islands.

During contraction, there is a spatial reorganization of the contractile machinery to optimize force development.

During the nineties, countries like Mexico, Argentina, Malaysia, Turkey, Colombia, Indonesia, Korea and Peru all experienced boom – bust cycles with the consequent collapse in GDP, consumption, non-tradable output sector contraction, capital flow reversals, limited or costly access to capital markets and sharp real exchange rate fluctuations.

During intense muscle contraction the ion pumps that maintain homeostasis of these ions are inactivated and this ( with other ion related disruption ) causes ionic disturbances.

During the ventricular contraction portion of the cardiac cycle, the Purkinje fibers carry the contraction impulse from both the left and right bundle branch to the myocardium of the ventricles.

During the era of route contraction from 1940 to about 1975 the Franklin Avenue Shuttle, as it is now known, seemed a prime candidate for abandonment ; its physical structure had been allowed to deteriorate and its service steadily curtailed.

During the contraction the core becomes hotter and hotter until it causes the outer layers to begin fusing hydrogen and expand outwards initiating the red giant stage.

During ventricular contraction, the wave of depolarization moves from endocardial to epicardial surface.

During this phase, the male urethral sphincter contracts ( so as to prevent urine from mixing with semen, and guard against retrograde ejaculation ) and muscles at the base of the penis begin a steady rhythmic contraction.

During ventricular contraction, or systole, some of the blood from the left ventricle leaks into the right ventricle, passes through the lungs and reenters the left ventricle via the pulmonary veins and left atrium.

During contraction of muscle, rapidly cycling crossbridges form between activated actin and phosphorylated myosin, generating force.

During a concentric contraction, a muscle is stimulated to contract according to the sliding filament mechanism.

During an eccentric contraction, the muscle elongates while under tension due to an opposing force being greater than the force generated by the muscle.

During an eccentric contraction of the biceps muscle, the elbow starts the movement while bent and then straightens as the hand moves away from the shoulder.

During an eccentric contraction of the triceps muscle, the elbow starts the movement straight and then bends as the hand moves towards the shoulder.

During a concentric contraction, muscle fibers slide across each other, pulling the Z-lines together.

During an eccentric contraction, the filaments slide past each other the opposite way, though the actual movement of the myosin heads during an eccentric contraction is not known.

During ventricular fibrillation, cardiac output drops to zero, and, unless remedied promptly, death usually ensues within minutes.

During ventricular systole, pressure rises in the left ventricle.

During ventricular systole, pressure rises in the left ventricle.

During left ventricular diastole, after the pressure drops in the left ventricle due to relaxation of the ventricular myocardium, the mitral valve opens, and blood travels from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

During fetal development, this shunt protects the right ventricle from pumping against the high resistance in the lungs, which can lead to right ventricular failure if the DA closes in-utero.

During ventricular diastole, the pressure in the ( left and right ) ventricles drops from the peak that it reaches in systole.

During inspiration, intrapleural pressure decreases by up to 4 mm Hg, which distends the right atrium, allowing for faster filling from the vena cava, increasing ventricular preload, and increasing the stroke volume.

During the fifth stage, " Isovolumic ventricular relaxation ", pressure decreases, no blood enters the ventricles, the ventricles stop contracting and begin to relax, and the semilunar valves close due to the pressure of blood in the aorta.

During systole, the ventricles contract, pumping blood through the body.

During expiration, the amount of blood entering the right ventricle will decrease, allowing the interventricular septum to bulge towards the right ventricle, and increased filling of the left ventricle and subsequent increased pressure generated by the left ventricle during systole.

During ventricle systole, the pressure within the chamber will increase until the valve is forced open.

During atrial systole, blood not only empties from the atria to the ventricles, but blood continues to flow uninterrupted from the veins right through the atria into the ventricles.

During atrial systole, blood flows from the atria to ventricles down the pressure gradient.

In the famous long scroll Along the River During the Qingming Festival painted by Zhang Zeduan ( 1085 – 1145 AD ) during the Song Dynasty ( 960 – 1297 AD ), a suanpan is clearly seen lying beside an account book and doctor's prescriptions on the counter of an apothecary's ( Feibao ).

During the period of the Iberian Union ( 1580 – 1640 ), Portugal lost influence and power and made new enemies.

During World War I, the Armenian Genocide, the Greek genocide ( especially in Pontus ), and the Assyrian Genocide almost entirely removed the ancient communities of Armenian and Assyrian populations in Anatolia, as well as a large part of its ethnic Greek population.

During World II the winter games were canceled but after that time the Winter Games have been held in St. Moritz ( 1948 ), Innsbruck, Austria ( 1964 and 1976 ), Grenoble, France, ( 1968 ), Albertville, France, ( 1992 ), and Torino, Italy, ( 2006 ).

During its preparation he became a friend of Cosima Wagner ( then in Strasbourg ), with whom he had many theological and musical conversations, exploring his view of Bach's descriptive music, and playing the major Chorale Preludes for her at the Temple Neuf.

During January – February 2007, Armenia ’ s trade with Russia and other former Soviet republics was $ 205. 6 million ( double the amount from the same period the previous year ), making them the country ’ s number one trading partner.

During his 72 years of Imamat ( 1885 – 1957 ), the community celebrated his Golden ( 1937 ), Diamond ( 1946 ) and Platinum ( 1954 ) Jubilees.

During his brother's reign, he participated in the taking of Huesca ( the Battle of Alcoraz, 1096 ), which became the largest city in the kingdom and the new capital.

During this time he had officially as students Michel Demazure ( who worked on SGA3, on group schemes ), Luc Illusie ( cotangent complex ), Michel Raynaud, Jean-Louis Verdier ( cofounder of the derived category theory ) and Pierre Deligne.

During the same period as the building of the Erechtheum, a combination of sacred precincts including the temples of Athena Polias, Poseidon, Erechtheus, Cecrops, Herse, Pandrosos and Aglauros, with its so-called the Kore Porch ( or Caryatids ' balcony ), was begun.

During the Helvetic Republic ( 1798 – 1803 ), the county of Baden, the Freie Ämter and the region known as the Kelleramt were combined into the Canton of Baden.

During the summer months ( April – September ), dogs are banned from the Silver Sands but they are allowed all year round at the Black Sands.

During the 18th century, again, at Hyderabad ( Sind ), two envoys, sent by the Jodhpur chief in regard to a quarrel between the two states, stabbed the prince and twenty-six of his suite before they themselves fell.

During the early 1960s, while also active in ASCII standardization, IBM simultaneously introduced in its product line of System / 360 the 8-bit Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ( EBCDIC ), an expansion of their 6-bit binary-coded decimal ( BCDIC ) representation used in earlier card punches.

During the mid-1980s, many sysops opted for the less expensive, ubiquitous Commodore 64 ( introduced in 1982 ), which became popular among software pirate groups.

During his post-ABBA career Andersson won four Swedish Grammis awards, and together with Ulvaeus received the " Special International " Ivor Novello award from ' The British Academy of Composers and Songwriters ', twice " The Music Export Prize " from the Swedish Ministry of Industry and Trade ( 2008 ), as well as the " Lifetime Achievement " award from the Swedish Music Publishers Association ( SMFF ).

During the years under Gropius ( 1919 – 1927 ), he and his partner Adolf Meyer observed no real distinction between the output of his architectural office and the school.

During the Second World War, Bletchley Park was the site of the United Kingdom's main decryption establishment, the Government Code and Cypher School ( GC & CS ), where ciphers and codes of several Axis countries were decrypted, most importantly the ciphers generated by the German Enigma and Lorenz machines.

During sporulation, many Bt strains produce crystal proteins ( proteinaceous inclusions ), called δ-endotoxins, that have insecticidal action.

During the years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ( 1569 – 1795 ), official documents were written in Polish, Ruthenian and Latin, with Lithuanian being mostly an oral language, with small quantities of written documents.