During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.

During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for liberal politics.

During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as an important center for liberal politics.

During much of the 1970s Roma's appearance in the top half of Serie A was sporadic.

During their heyday from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, most BBSes were run as a hobby free of charge by the system operator ( or " SysOp "), while other BBSes charged their users a subscription fee for access, or were operated by a business as a means of supporting their customers.

During the 1970s the Air Force was at the apogee of its power, possessing at least 500 modern combat aircraft in its inventory.

During the early 1970s, Manchester United were no longer competing among the top teams in England, and at several stages were battling against relegation.

During the Orioles ' heyday in the 1970s, a club song, appropriately titled " Orioles Magic ", was composed, and played when the team ran out until Opening Day of 2008.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the site hosted Creative Time's landmark Art on the Beach sculpture exhibitions.

During the 1970s, he made guest-appearances on TV series such as Ironside, Insight, Barbary Coast, The Love Boat, Medical Center, four episodes of Love, American Style, Fantasy Island, and two episodes each of The Streets of San Francisco, and Rod Serling's Night Gallery.

" During the 1970s, widely different methods began to be seen as part of a new emerging discipline of computational chemistry.

During the 1970s the " small press " culture grew and diversified.

During the 1970s and 1980s it was also used to test the ability of containers of radioactive material to withstand impacts and other accidents.

During the 1970s and 1980s, the Bengals were a perennial playoff contender and they won AFC championships in and, but lost Super Bowls XVI and XXIII to the San Francisco 49ers.

During the 1960s and 1970s, the CPC experienced a significant ideological breakdown with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union under Nikita Khrushchev, and later, Leonid Brezhnev.

During the 1970s the relative number of communists in Republics of the Soviet Union was as follows:

During the 1970s, a growing number of Canadian stations pushed American channels off the systems, forcing several to expand beyond the original 12-channel system configurations.

During the 1970s producers started to reduce the quantity of white grapes in Chianti.

During the 1970s, modern dramatic directors made some of their first films.

During the Portuguese Colonial War in the 1960s and the 1970s, the Portuguese Army created an experimental horse platoon, to combat the guerrillas in eastern Angola.

During the late 1970s he acquired a large public audience as a critic of the then Labour government's disregard of civil liberties ; his writings from this time are collected in Writing By Candlelight ( 1980 ).

During the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, several events occurred which raised the public awareness of harm to the environment caused by man.

During the 1960s and 1970s hundreds of fossils were found, particularly in East Africa in the regions of the Olduvai gorge and Lake Turkana.

During the 1970s and ' 80s, Cassandra B. Whyte did significant educational research studying locus of control as related to the academic achievement of students pursuing higher education coursework.

During the campaign, Reagan relied on Jeane Kirkpatrick as his foreign policy adviser to identify Carter's vulnerabilities on foreign policy.

During his time in office, Kirkpatrick made a special effort to visit and support the rural areas of the province.

During the 1960s Kirkpatrick made recordings of the complete harpsichord works of Johann Sebastian Bach ( Archiv ).

During the visit Kirkpatrick found that Nepal was trying to reinvigorate the attack in the west.

During the credits of the film, the film features a comedic clip of Lance Bass and Joey Fatone who played two of the main characters being made up by fellow ' N Sync members Justin Timberlake and Chris Kirkpatrick.

During the late 1850s and early 1860s the retail business was run by a professional manager – first Thomas Kirkpatrick and then Alexander McLaren.

During his tenure at MTV Mr. Wolf became one of Mark Zuckerberg's early mentors, as chronicled in " The Facebook Effect ", by David Kirkpatrick Wolf formerly was a Director of McKinsey & Company, the international consultancy, and head of its Global Media and Entertainment Practice.

During moments of intense crisis the responsibility of political leaders is overwhelming.

During the war, Congress exercised an unprecedented level of political, diplomatic, military and economic authority.

During the 1840s Disraeli wrote three political novels collectively known as " the Trilogy "– Sybil, Coningsby, and Tancred.

During the period of the English Civil War, the role of bishops as wielders of political power and as upholders of the established church became a matter of heated political controversy.

During recent times, mainly during the apartheid reform and post-1994 eras, many more white Afrikaans-speaking people, mainly with " conservative " political views and of Trekboer and Voortrekker descent, have preferred to be called " Boers " or Boere-Afrikaners, rather than " Afrikaners ".

During the 1960s the political atmosphere began to gradually change, and attention was once again directed to Chaplin's films instead of his political views.

During the Han Dynasty, Confucianism developed from an ethical system into a political ideology used to legitimize the rule of the political elites.

During the 19th century and through the 1940 census, enumeration was accomplished through political districts.

When one society finds itself forced to relinquish power entirely to another society that in itself is a form of underdevelopment .... During the centuries of pre-colonial trade, some control over social political and economic life was retained in Africa, in spite of the disadvantageous commerce with Europeans.

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, some British officials suggested restoring Peshawar to Dost Mohammad, in return for his support against the rebellious sepoys of the Bengal Army, but this view was rejected by British political officers on the North West frontier, who believed that Dost Mohammad would see this as a sign of weakness and turn against the British.

During this decade and the one that followed, Urbina and his archrival, García Moreno, would define the dichotomy — between Liberals from Guayaquil and Conservatives from Quito — that remained the major sphere of political struggle in Ecuador in the 1980s.

During the Era of Silence political parties were banned and the parliament was not in session between 1934 and 1938 as the country was ruled by decree by Konstantin Päts, who was elected as the first President of Estonia in 1938.

During the reign of his elder brother, Emperor Tenji, Temmu was forced to marry several of Tenji's daughters because Tenji thought those marriages would help to strengthen political ties between the two brothers.

During this time folk music began to become enmeshed with political and social activism themes and movements.

During the 6 February 1934 crisis, France faced the greatest domestic political turmoil since the Dreyfus Affair when the fascist Francist Movement and multiple far right movements rioted en masse in Paris against the French government resulting in major political violence.

During the political opening after the military regime, the people elected the city's first woman mayor, Maria Luíza Fontenele, and had the first city hall commanded by a left-wing party.

During his time at Chicago, Hayek worked on the philosophy of science, economics, political philosophy, and the history of ideas.

During the war of 1918 there were two kinds of Red and White political violence: ( i ) a calculated part of the general warfare, and ( ii ) more local, personal murders and corresponding acts of revenge.

During the Cold War, Germany's partition by the Iron Curtain made it a symbol of East-West tensions and a political battleground in Europe.

During the last years of his administration, President Hoyte sought to improve relations with the United States as part of a decision to move his country toward genuine political nonalignment.

During his three-year reign, King James II became directly involved in the political battles in England between Catholicism and Protestantism, on the one hand, and on the other, between the Divine Right of Kings and the political rights of the Parliament of England.