During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

During the 16th century, the Spanish and Austrian Habsburgs were the dominant power in Europe.

During this period threats to the Ottoman Empire were presented by the traditional foe — the Austrian Empire — as well as by a new foe — the rising Russian Empire.

During World War I captured Slavic soldiers were asked to fight against the " oppression in Austrian Empire ": some did ( see Czechoslovak Legions ).

During the Austrian EU Presidency 2006 it was officially used for the first time.

During the Migration Period, the Slavic tribe of the Carantanians migrated into the Alps in the wake of the expansion of their Avar overlords during the 7th century, mixed with the Celto-Romanic population, and established the realm of Carantania, which covered much of eastern and central Austrian territory.

During July 1793 and while he was in Paris as a delegate of the young Mainz Republic, Prussian and Austrian coalition forces regained control of the city and Forster was declared an outlaw.

During this Austrian period the University was greatly supported by Maria Theresa of Austria and saw a great renaissance that eventually led to a second renaissance due to the presence of leading scientists and humanists like Ugo Foscolo, Alessandro Volta, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Camillo Golgi among others.

During the 19th century, a revival of Ukrainian self-identity manifested itself in the literary classes of both Russian-Empire Dnieper Ukraine and Austrian Galicia.

During his reign Louis ' government returned the Austrian Netherlands ( which were gained following the Battle of Fontenoy ) at Aix-la-Chapelle, and ceded New France at the conclusion of the Seven Years ' War.

During this conflict, French forces successfully overran the entire Austrian Netherlands, a territory long coveted by France.

During the War of the Austrian Succession, they were at Dettingen, Fontenoy and Lauffeld and in the Seven Years ' War, they fought at Minden, Warburg, Kloster Kampen and Wilhelmsthal.

During the 1930s, Remarque had relationships with Austrian actress Hedy Lamarr and then with Marlene Dietrich.

During the Five Days of Milan ( 22 – 23 March 1848 ) also rose Monza chasing the Austrian garrison regiment Geppert.

During the summer of 1908, his wife Mathilde left him for several months for a young Austrian painter, Richard Gerstl.

During the period of Austrian rule, a number of different flags were tried, until the Austrian Emperor imposed the Austrian flag.

During the Second Stadtholderless Period the Dutch Republic had more or less abdicated its pretences as a major power and this became painfully evident to the rest of Europe during the War of the Austrian Succession.

During the winter of 1935 – 36, Harriman enlisted the services of an Austrian count, Felix Schaffgotsch, to travel across the western U. S. to locate an ideal site for a winter resort.

During the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire steadily lost territory in eastern Europe to the neighbouring Austrian and Russian empires ( which annexed Hungary and southern Russia respectively ).

During the 1930s, Morris helped several German and Austrian philosophers emigrate to the United States, including Rudolf Carnap in 1936.

During this part of the conflict, more French cavalry struck in their flank and the remaining Austrian horse fled north to Ratisbon with great celerity.

During a counter attack by Austrian cavalry Ney's horse fell and he was captured.

During this manoeuvre, Nostitz's cavalry, placed initially on the plain below the escarpment, were pushed back and forced up the slope of the plateau by Grouchy's and Pully's dragoons ; the Austrian horse subsequently redeployed to protect Nordmann's flank.

During the process of the enlargement of the European Union, the acquis was divided into 31 chapters for the purpose of negotiation between the EU and the candidate member states for the fifth enlargement ( the ten that joined in 2004 plus Romania and Bulgaria which joined in 2007 ).

During this second term of office on the Commission, he was responsible for introducing new staff regulations for EU officials, a significant feature of which was substantial salary cuts for everyone employed after 1 May 2004, reduced pension prospects for many others, and gradually worsening employment conditions.

During the second Lipponen cabinet, he headed Finland's six months in the EU presidency and pursued pro-integration and pro-expansion policies.

During Sweden's presidency of the EU in the first half of 2001, Persson with assistance from foreign minister Anna Lindh presided over the organization and contributed towards the enlargement which took place in 2004.

During the 2000s, the foreign ministry warned that the increasing influence of the EU, largely pro-Palestinian, would further isolate Israel in global affairs.

During the process, the European Commission has warned several EU member states over non-compliance with the EU nature directives ( Habitats and Birds Directive ), in particular in relation with the insufficiency of the Natura 2000 network, e. g. the European Commission started an infringement procedure against Poland in April 2006.

During his tenure as Jamaica ’ s Foreign Minister he served as President of the ACP / EU Ministerial Council and led negotiations for the ACP group of countries with the European Community.

During that summit he engaged in a heated confrontation with French President Nicolas Sarkozy ( which Kenny termed " a Gallic spat ") over Ireland's comparatively low 12. 5 % corporate tax rate, which EU leaders have frequently posited as a condition of more favorable terms for the Irish bailout.

During the EU presidency he was involved in a curious episode with then Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi.

During roaming, that is, when a user connects to another network in different country from his own, the prices may be higher, but in July 2009, EU legislation went into effect limiting this price to € 0. 11.

During the run-up to the first round of the 2007 presidential election, Buffet hoped that her candidacy would be supported by the left-wing groups who had participated in the " No " campaign in the referendum on the EU constitution.

During the 2006 / 2007 New Year's Eve celebration, when Romania and Bulgaria joined the European Union, people were dancing Hora Bucuriei ( Hora of Joy ) over the boulevards of Bucharest as a tribute to the EU anthem, Ode to Joy ( Odă bucuriei ).

During one such visit, to Dublin in December 1996, Juncker successfully mediated a dispute over his own EU Economic and Monetary Union policy between French president Jacques Chirac and German Chancellor Helmut Kohl.

During her chairmanship she tried to focus attention as much on Member States ' performance in transposing and applying new EU laws as on the adoption of more such laws.

During an international press conference held in Rome on 15 March 2011, she explained the situation of illegal immigration in Lampedusa, emphasized " the helplessness of EU " and how " each nation is more efficient to deal with the issue ", and proposed solutions to settle this issue.

During the UK Presidency of the EU in 2005 a decision was made to " agree common standards for security features and secure issuing procedures for ID cards ( December 2005 ), with detailed standards agreed as soon as possible thereafter.

During the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union, Van Orden was the rapporteur for Bulgaria in the European Parliament, and regularly reported on the progress of the country with regard to EU membership requirements.

During his 15 years as an MEP, Mr Purvis produced a number of major reports which helped to shape EU policy – notably on biotechnology, telecommunications and financial regulation.

During his tenure as Commissioner, the EU relaxed visas on the western Balkan countries signifying closer cooperation with the region, proposed an EU " blue card ", based on the US " green card " scheme and has begun a push for common asylum policies.

During his time as EU Commissioner Frattini argued for a more liberal EU migration policy.