During the heated debates in the Central Committee about a possible peace with the Germans, Lenin did not have a majority ; both Trotsky and Nikolai Bukharin had more support for their own position than Lenin.

During World War I, using Vladimir Lenin's idea that Czarism was taking a " Prussian path " to capitalism, the Bolshevik Nikolai Bukharin identified a new stage in the development of capitalism, in which all sectors of national production and all important social institutions had become managed by the state ; he termed this new stage ' state capitalism.

During the power struggles which followed Lenin's death in 1924, Molotov remained a loyal supporter of Stalin against his various rivals: first Leon Trotsky, later Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev and finally Nikolai Bukharin.

During the congress of 1925, she initially supported Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev, but eventually voted for the process against Nikolai Bukharin and the exclusion of Trotsky, Zinoviev and Kamenev from the party.

During the same year, though, Caligula was criticized for executing people without full trials and for forcing his helper Macro to commit suicide.

During and after World War I, Landis, an ardent patriot, presided over several high-profile trials of draft resisters and others whom he saw as opposing the war effort.

During time trials, pursuits or other timed events, the blue band is obstructed with sponges or other objects.

During extensive trials, Holland made numerous dives and test-fired the gun using dummy projectiles.

During the early 20th century, in contrast, language was usually understood from a behaviourist perspective, suggesting that language learning, like any other kind of learning, could be explained by a succession of trials, errors, and rewards for success.

During its sea trials Murdoch carried out experiments on The Caledonia to measure the effect on fuel consumption and speed on changes in the depth of the paddles and whether one or both engines was used.

During the Microsoft antitrust trials, the names MICROS ~ 1 and MICROS ~ 2 were humorously used to refer to the companies that might exist after a proposed split of Microsoft.

During her public trials at the " Special Court ", Jiang Qing was the only member of the Gang of Four who bothered to argue on her behalf.

During the next years, Oswald's life settled down, and almost no reports of fights, brawls or trials are preserved.

During the development period the hardware manufacturers felt that demand would drive down prices to less than $ 600, however, results from trials indicated that even this would be considered too expensive for the mass market.

During the trials, some of the disciples testified against Asahara, and he was found guilty on 13 of 17 charges, including the Sakamoto family murder, while four charges were dropped.

During the trials, Asahara resigned from his position of Aum Shinrikyo representative to try to prevent dissolution of the group.

During the first trials ( called escape-trials ) the animal usually experiences both the CS ( Conditioned Stimulus ) and the US ( Unconditioned Stimulus ), showing the operant response to terminate the aversive US.

During later trials, the animal will learn to perform the response already during the presentation of the CS thus preventing the aversive US from occurring.

: During the first trials of the training, the organism experiences the pairing of a CS with an aversive US.

During the Early Middle Ages, the Church did not conduct witch trials.

During this period the eponymous Archon was the chief magistrate, the Polemarch was the head of the armed forces, and the Archon Basileus was responsible for some civic religious arrangements, and for the supervision of some major trials in the law courts.

During this period Elizebeth Friedman continued her own work in cryptology, and became famous in a number of trials involving rum-runners and the Coast Guard and FBI during Prohibition.

During field trials these ran into some problems, especially with stopping power.

During the trials it became clear that the increased weight and dynamic characteristics required a complete redesign of the vehicle's caterpillar track system.

During the 1910s, the United States Post Office had made a number of experimental trials of carrying mail by air, and decided to inaugurate regular service on May 15, 1918, flying between Washington, D. C., Philadelphia, and New York City.

During that period, he and his associates were responsible for more people being hanged for witchcraft than in the previous 100 years, and were solely responsible for the increase in witch trials during those years.

During the year following the publication of Hopkins ' book, trials and executions for witchcraft began in the New England colonies with the conviction of Margaret Jones.

During May the annual New England Wool Expo is staged to display wool fashions, handicrafts, demonstrations, shearing competitions, yard dog trials and demonstrations, a wool bale rolling competition and other activities.

During the Nationalist's retreat from Nanjing, the dams around the city were deliberately destroyed by the Nationalist army in order to delay the Japanese advance, killing 500, 000 people in the subsequent 1938 Yellow River flood.

During this time he also created Man Seated with Travel Bag ( c. 1938 – 40 ), showing the seedy and bleak environment, contrasting with work like the racially charged Vaudeville ( c. 1930 ) and its caricature style of a man in blackface.

During this period the CCC was called in to provide disaster relief following 1937 floods in New York, Vermont and the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, and response and clean-up after the 1938 hurricane in New England.

During the Era of Silence political parties were banned and the parliament was not in session between 1934 and 1938 as the country was ruled by decree by Konstantin Päts, who was elected as the first President of Estonia in 1938.

* 1938 – During the Nanking Massacre Nanking Safety Zone International Committee renamed " Nanking International Rescue Committee " and safety zone in place for refugees falls apart.

During World War II, the trophy was held by 1938 winners Italy.

During Kristallnacht, the Jewish synagogue and homes were destroyed, and in 1938 the local Jewish cemetery was vandalised, while a cemetery shrine was turned to stable by German soldiers.

During the 1938 Linguistic Society of America Linguistic Institute held at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, he taught a field methods class with Andrew Medler, a speaker of the Ottawa dialect who was born in Saginaw, Michigan but spent most of his life on Walpole Island, Ontario.

During and following the Anschluss ( annexation ) of Austria in 1938 Nazi propaganda also used the political slogan Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Führer (" One people, one Reich, one leader "), in order to enforce pan-German sentiment.

During the 1930s, the Surrealist idea spread from Europe to North America, South America ( founding of the Mandrágora group in Chile in 1938 ), Central America, the Caribbean, and throughout Asia, as both an artistic idea and as an ideology of political change.

During the Era of Silence, political parties were banned and the parliament was not in session between 1934 and 1938 as the country was ruled by decree by Konstantin Päts.

* 1938: During the first International Youth Congress ( IJK ) in Groet, Netherlands, according to a decision of more than 200 participants from 10 countries the World Youth Organization ( TJO ) was born.

During 1938 – 1940, society was still relatively free, but during 1941, most of the free newspapers, magazines, and publishers were shut down, and authors were silenced.

During this period Feijenoord won three consecutive division titles from 1936 to 1938, with their third and fourth national championships coming in 1936 and 1938.

During the 1938 crisis over Czechoslovakia that culminated in the Munich Agreement, Canaris was together with the army chief of staff, General Ludwig Beck and the Foreign Office ’ s state secretary Ernst von Weizsäcker, a leader of the " anti-war " group in the German government, which was determined to avoid a war in 1938 that it felt Germany would lose.

During World War II, from 1938 to 1945, one of the first massive concentration camp complexes in Nazi Germany was set up to the west of the town.

During a 19-year baseball career, he played from 1938 – 1942 and 1946-1959 for four different teams, but is noted primarily for his time with the St. Louis Cardinals.

During the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War, a number of foreign pilots served in the Chinese Air Force, most famously in the 14th Squadron, a light bombardment unit often called the International Squadron, which was briefly active in February and March 1938.

During the Kristallnacht, the night of 9 / 10 November 1938, the local synagogue was burned down.

During the Spanish Civil War, he was conscripted into the Republican forces in 1938, at the age of 18, to serve as a medical orderly.

During this time ( 1938 ) he published the first edition of his book The Middle Way, which advocated a broadly centrist political philosophy both domestically and internationally.

During the development of Nazi Germany, Céline wrote the pamphlets Bagatelles pour un massacre ( Trifles for a Massacre ) ( 1937 ), L ' École des cadavres ( The School of Corpses ) ( 1938 ) and Les Beaux draps ( The Fine Mess ) ( 1941 ).