During the years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ( 1569 – 1795 ), official documents were written in Polish, Ruthenian and Latin, with Lithuanian being mostly an oral language, with small quantities of written documents.

During the 1980s, CHOGMs were dominated by calls for the Commonwealth to impose sanctions on South Africa to pressure the country to end apartheid.

During the Middle Ages, there were various systems involving elections or assemblies, although often only involving a small amount of the population, the election of Gopala in Bengal region of Indian Subcontinent, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ( 10 % of population ), the Althing in Iceland, the Løgting in the Faeroe Islands, certain medieval Italian city-states such as Venice, the tuatha system in early medieval Ireland, the Veche in Novgorod and Pskov Republics of medieval Russia, Scandinavian Things, The States in Tirol and Switzerland and the autonomous merchant city of Sakai in the 16th century in Japan.

During the Commonwealth, Fox had hoped that the movement would become the major church in England.

During the later part of the 18th century, the Commonwealth attempted fundamental internal reforms.

During an interview Lord Phillips was quoted by the Financial Times as saying: "' in an ideal world ' Commonwealth countries — including those in the Caribbean — would stop using the Privy Council and set up their own final courts of appeal instead.

During the 1979 Commonwealth Conference, Fraser, together with his Nigerian counterpart, convinced newly-elected British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to withhold recognition of the internal settlement Zimbabwe Rhodesia government ( Thatcher had earlier promised to recognise it ).

During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire that stretched from the southern borders of the Holy Roman Empire to the outskirts of Vienna, Royal Hungary ( modern Slovakia ) and the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the north to Yemen and Eritrea in the south ; from Algeria in the west to Azerbaijan in the east ; controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa.

During the abdication crisis in 1936, British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin consulted the Commonwealth Prime Ministers at the request of King Edward VIII.

During the time of the incorporation of Ruthenia ( Ukraine and Belarus ) into the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ukrainian and Belarusian diverged into identifiably separate languages.

During her daughter's extensive tour of the Commonwealth over 1953 – 54, Elizabeth acted as a Counsellor of State and looked after her grandchildren, Charles and Anne.

During World War II, various British and Commonwealth units, including the Long Range Desert Group ( LRDG ), the No. 1 Demolition Squadron or ' PPA ' ( Popski's Private Army ), and the Special Air Service ( SAS ) were noted for their exploits in the deserts of Egypt, Libya and Chad using unarmored motor vehicles, often fitted with machine guns and cannons of various types.

During the 11th and 12th centuries, the centralization of power had worn down the institutions of the Commonwealth, as the former, notable independence of local farmers and chieftains gave way to the growing power of a handful of families and their leaders.

During the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, soldiers were garrisoned at Glamis.

During the early part of World War II Leeds was used as a hospital where Lady Baillie and her daughters hosted burned Commonwealth airmen as part of their recovery.

During his time at university, he seconded British Union of Fascists founder Oswald Mosley in a debate on Commonwealth immigration, and was heckled.

During the late 19th century Mifflin County became the crossroads of the Commonwealth.

During the rule of both the Commonwealth and the Protectorate, there was considerable desire for law reform.

During 1941, Free French units fought with the British Commonwealth army against Italian troops in Ethiopia and Eritrea during the East African Campaign.

During the Syria-Lebanon Campaign, Free French forces fighting alongside British Commonwealth forces once more faced French troops loyal to Vichy France — this time in the Levant.

During the same period, the country has also intensified links with the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association ( CPA ) and joined the Inter-Parliamentary Union ( IPU ).

During the Commonwealth of England government under Cromwell, the Rump Parliament prohibited the practice of singing Christmas carols as Pagan and sinful.

During the First Partition of Lithuanian-Polish Commonwealth in 1772, Vitsebsk was annexed by Russian Empire.

During the period of the union of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden under king Sigismund III Vasa ( Polish – Swedish union ), diets were held there ; and in 1594 and 1596 it was the meeting-place of two remarkable councils of the Roman-Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church bishops of the region ; the 1596 council establishing the Uniate Church ( known also as the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church in Belarus and Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in Ukraine ).

During the reign of Edward the confessor, the village of Acomb was designated as a manor.

During the reign of Edward the Confessor the manor and land belonged to a couple of Saxon lords known as Sasford and Turchil

During the reign of Henry III, Sir Geoffrey de Dutton ( sometimes " Geffrey de Budworth ") ( d. 1248 ) was lord of the manor.

During the summer the manor is home to the Harlaxton International Chamber Music Festival, which draws music students and faculty from throughout the world.

During the period when hemp was the dominant fiber crop, many Chinese peasants still lived as serfs and worked under the direct control and supervision of an aristocratic manor lord.

During the 13th and 14th centuries the manor of Great Chesham was a part of the lands held by the Earls of Oxford and Surrey.

During the time of Chester's erection into a diocese, and the surrender of this estate for the establishment of Christ's Hospital, this former monastic grange was transformed into the Metcalfes ' manor house with a priest hole.

During the 15th century, Sutton Coldfield underwent a process of change due in part to the turbulent ongoings with the Earls of Warwick and their possession of the manor house.

During the 12th and 13th centuries, religious activities were carried out at the free chapel of Saint Blaise, constructed within the Sutton manor grounds.

During the reign of king Canute the manor of Saltwood was granted to the priory of Christ Church in Canterbury, but during the 12th century it became home of Henry d ' Essex, constable of England.

During the civil war, the Cliffords, the lords of the manor were Royalists, but their subjects were not.

During the English Civil War, the manor, belonging to the Chester family, received some considerable damage, associated as it was with the garrison at Newport Pagnell.

During this period Cholesbury became a separate manor, developing into a village community indicated by the construction, within the hillfort, of an early 12th century church dedicated to St Laurence.

During the early part of 13th century the manor was owned by William de Beauchamp ( de Bello Campo ).

During the period after 1066 in which the Lord of the Manor of Drayton was Magno le Breton the southern end of the manor would have been valued for its summer pasture.

During the English Civil War the manor house at Hillesden, was owned by Sir Alexander Denton, Member of Parliament for Buckingham.

During the Middle Ages, the commune was a manor with its own castle and lords.

During the Barons ' wars of the reign of King John ( 1199 – 1216 ) which led up to Magna Carta signed in 1215, Fulk II's son and heir Fulk III FitzWarin ( d. 1258 ) rebelled and the manor escheated to the crown and passed temporarily into the stewardship of Hugh de Nevill.

During the anti-rent troubles in 1839 he sold his townships, and at his death the manor passed out of the hands of his descendants.

During the 19th century manor courts were phased out.

During this time he also owned property in Sussex and the manor of Titchfield in Hampshire in England.

During the late 1870s and early 1880 large areas of the village were bought by Arthur Macnamara who built at this time the manor house, and transformed the village into a typical Victorian estate village.

During the Middle Ages the manor of Hadlow was owned by the Knights Hospitallers, then the Earls of Gloucester, followed by the Earls of Stafford, who were elevated to the Dukes of Buckingham in 1444.

During his life he acquired the manor and castle of Wilderton and Molash in Kent and the manor of Old Swinford and Snodsbury in Worcestershire, all granted to him by King Edward IV for his distinguished service to the Yorkist cause.