The Hittite Kingdom at the height of its power ( red ), bordering on the Egyptian Empire ( green ).

Anthony the Great, who had retired to the Egyptian Thebaid during the persecution of Maximian, AD 312, was the most celebrated among them for his austerities, his sanctity, and his power as an exorcist.

The alliance commonly known as the Second Triumvirate, renewed for a five-year term in 38 BC, broke down when Octavian came to perceive Caesarion, the son of Julius Caesar and the Egyptian Queen Cleopatra VII, as a major threat to his power.

Following the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, and the resignation of President Hosni Mubarak, executive power was assumed by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which dissolved the parliament, and suspended the constitution.

The Armed Forces enjoy considerable power and independence within the Egyptian state.

Senior members of the military can convene for the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, so during the course of the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, when Mubarak resigned and transferred power to this body on February 11, 2011.

* 2011 – The first wave of the Egyptian revolution culminates in the resignation of Hosni Mubarak and the transfer of power to the Supreme Military Council after 18 days of protests.

Egyptian power moved from the Nile cities to the coastal ones, especially Alexandria.

During this time, the Ayyubid sultan died, and a sudden power shift took place, as the sultan's wife Shajar al-Durr set events in motion which were to make her Queen, and eventually place the Egyptian army of the Mamluks in power.

Since the ba was associated with power, and also happened to be a word for ram in Egyptian, Banebdjed was depicted as a ram, or as Ram-headed.

After Egyptian power revived during the New Kingdom ( c. 1570-1100 BC ), the pharaoh Ahmose I incorporated Kush as an Egyptian ruled province governed by a viceroy.

He attempted to restore Seleucid power and prestige with a successful war against the old enemy, Ptolemaic Egypt, which met with initial success as the Seleucids defeated and drove the Egyptian army back to Alexandria itself.

Demetrius I attempted to restore Seleucid power in Judea particularly, but was overthrown in 150 BC by Alexander Balas — an impostor who ( with Egyptian backing ) claimed to be the son of Epiphanes.

Over the years, the power of the Knights declined ; their reign ended in 1798 when Napoleon Bonaparte's expeditionary fleet stopped off there en route to his Egyptian expedition.

Also according to Herodotus ( III. 139 ), Darius, prior to seizing power and " of no consequence at the time ", had served as a spearman ( doryphoros ) in the Egyptian campaign ( 528 – 525 BCE ) of Cambyses II, then the Persian Great King.

The lineage of Horus, the eventual product of unions between the children of Atum, may have been a means to explain and justify Pharaonic power ; The gods produced by Atum were all representative of cosmic and terrestrial forces in Egyptian life ; by identifying Horus as the offspring of these forces, then identifying him with Atum himself, and finally identifying the Pharaoh with Horus, the Pharaoh theologically had dominion over all the world.

The Eye of Horus is an ancient Egyptian symbol of protection and royal power from deities, in this case from Horus or Ra.

Osiris is connected with life-giving power, righteous kingship, and the rule of maat, the ideal natural order whose maintenance was a fundamental goal in ancient Egyptian culture.

In 1274 BC Shalmaneser I ascended the throne, a powerful warrior king, he annexed territories in Syria and Canaan previously under Egyptian or Hittite influence, and the growing power of Assyria was perhaps the reason why these two states made peace with one another.

Nasser's social status was still well below the wealthy Egyptian elite, and his resentment of those born into wealth and power continued to grow.

They inform him that the Nazis, in their quest for occult power, are searching for his old mentor, Abner Ravenwood, who is the leading expert on the ancient Egyptian city of Tanis and possesses the headpiece of an artifact called the Staff of Ra.

The 13th century also saw attempts at a Franco-Mongol alliance, with exchange of ambassadors and ( failed ) attempts at military collaboration in the Holy Land during the later Crusades, though eventually the Mongols in the Ilkhanate, after they had destroyed the Abbasid and Ayyubid dynasties, eventually themselves converted to Islam, and signed the 1323 Treaty of Aleppo with the surviving Muslim power, the Egyptian Mamluks.

Under Suppiluliuma I and Mursili II, the Empire was extended to most of Anatolia and parts of Syria and Canaan, so that by 1300 BC the Hittites were bordering on the Egyptian sphere of influence, leading to the inconclusive Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC.

Other historians maintain that the biographical details, and Egyptian background, attributed to Moses imply the existence of a historical political and religious leader who was involved in the consolidation of the Hebrew tribes in Canaan towards the end of the Bronze Age.

Thus, the motif of " slavery in Egypt " reflects the historical situation of imperialist control of the Egyptian Empire over Canaan after the conquests of Ramesses II, which declined gradually during the 12th century under the pressure from the Sea Peoples and the general Bronze Age collapse.

* 1475 BC: Thutmose III conquers Canaan ; beginning of Egyptian domination of southern Canaanite plain.

* 1150 BC: final Egyptian withdrawal from southern Canaan.

In the first, dated to the reign of Ramses III, they were limited to the coastal plain, the region of the Five Cities ; in the second, dated to the collapse of Egyptian hegemony in southern Canaan, their influence spread inland beyond the coast.

" Egyptian strongholds in Canaan are also mentioned, including a temple dedicated to Amun, which some scholars place in Gaza ; however, the lack of detail indicating the precise location of these strongholds means that it is unknown what impact these had, if any, on Philistine settlement along the coast.

Canaan was of geopolitical importance in the Late Bronze Age Amarna period as the area where the spheres of interest of the Egyptian, Hittite Empire and Assyrian Empires converged.

Canaan is historically attested throughout the 4th millennium BC ; the later Amarna Letters use, while sources of the Egyptian New Kingdom mention numerous military campaigns conducted in.

During the 2nd millennium BC, Ancient Egyptian texts use the term Canaan to refer to an Egyptian-ruled colony, whose boundaries generally corroborate the definition of Canaan found in the Hebrew Bible, bounded to the west by the Mediterranean Sea, to the north in the vicinity of Hamath in Syria, to the east by the Jordan Valley, and to the south by a line extended from the Dead Sea to around Gaza.

Nevertheless, the Egyptian and Hebrew uses of the term are not identical: the Egyptian texts also identify the coastal city of Qadesh in north west Syria near Turkey as part of the " Land of Canaan ", so that the Egyptian usage seems to refer to the entire levantine coast of the Mediterranean Sea, making it a synonym of another Egyptian term for this coastland, Retenu.

In the centuries preceding the appearance of the Biblical Hebrews, parts of Canaan and south western Syria became tributary to the Egyptian Pharaohs, although domination by the Egyptians was sporadic, and not strong enough to prevent frequent local rebellions and inter-city struggles.

In the el Amarna letters ( circa 1350 BC ), some of which were sent by governors and princes of Canaan to their Egyptian overlord Akhenaten ( Amenhotep IV ) in the 14th century BC — commonly known as the Tel-el-Amarna tablets — are found, beside Amar and Amurru ( Amorites ), the two forms Kinahhi and Kinahni, corresponding to Kena and Kena ' an respectively, and including Syria in its widest extent, as Eduard Meyer has shown.

From the mid 14th century BC through to the 11th century BC, much of Canaan ( particularly the north, central and eastern regions of Syria and the north western Mediterranean coastal regions ) fell to the Middle Assyrian Empire, and both Egyptian and Hittite influence waned as a result.

There is also evidence of Sherden at Beth Shean, the Egyptian garrison in Canaan.

Their presence in Canaan may have contributed to the formation of new states in this region such as Philistia after the collapse of the Egyptian Empire in Asia.

However, despite problems with the archaeological record, some maximalists place Joshua in the mid second millennium, at about the time the Egyptian Empire came to rule over Canaan, and not the 13th century as Finkelstein or Kitchen claim, and view the destruction layers of the period as corroboration of the biblical account.

As a novella, it is read as reworking legends and myths, in particular the motifs of his reburial in Canaan, associated with the Egyptian god Osiris.

In his first regnal year, he led his armies along the “ Ways of Horus ,” the coastal road that led from the Egyptian city of Tjaru ( Zarw / Sile ) in the north-east corner of the Egyptian Nile Delta along the northern coast of the Sinai peninsula ending in the town of “ Canaan ” in the modern Gaza strip.