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Elagabalus ' mother publicly declared that he was the illegitimate son of Caracalla, therefore due the loyalties of Roman soldiers and senators who had sworn allegiance to Caracalla.
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Elagabalus and mother
It was the rumor of Alexander's death that triggered the assassination of Elagabalus and his mother.
His mother Julia Avita Mamaea was the second daughter of Julia Maesa and Syrian noble Julius Avitus and maternal aunt of Emperor Elagabalus.
* 222 – Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guard during a revolt.
The eighteen year-old Emperor Elagabalus and his mother were both taken from the palace, dragged through the streets, murdered and thrown in the river Tiber by the praetorian guard, who then proclaimed Alexander Severus as Augustus.
Other notable women who exercised power behind the scenes in this period include Julia Maesa, sister of Julia Domna, and Maesa ' a two daughters Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus, and Julia Avita Mamaea, mother of Alexander Severus.
* Julia Soaemias, mother of emperor Elagabalus ( d. 222 )
* Julia Soaemias, daughter to Julia Maesa and mother of emperor Elagabalus
Julia Soaemias Bassiana ( 180 – March 11, 222 ) was the mother of Roman Emperor Elagabalus and ruled over the Roman Empire during the minority of her son's rule.
Eventually Elagabalus and his mother Julia Soaemias proved incompetent rulers and favour fell on Alexander, Julia's son.
* 222, Assassination of Emperor Elagabalus and his mother.
Elagabalus and Alexander Severus ( also seen more correctly as " Severus Alexander ") were first cousins ; Alexander Severus's mother was Julia Mamaea, another daughter of Julia Maesa.
* March 11 – Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guard during a revolt.
* Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus
Elagabalus and declared
Caracalla's maternal aunt, Julia Maesa, successfully instigated a revolt among the Third Legion to have her eldest grandson ( and Caracalla's cousin ), Elagabalus, declared emperor in his place.
Both consuls and other high-ranking members of Rome's leadership condemned Elagabalus, and the Senate subsequently declared war on both Elagabalus and Julia Maesa.
Elagabalus declared the date of the victory at Antioch to be the beginning of his reign and assumed the imperial titles without prior senatorial approval, which violated tradition but was a common practice among 3rd-century emperors nonetheless.
Elagabalus tried to have his presumed lover, the charioteer Hierocles, declared Caesar, while another alleged lover, the athlete Aurelius Zoticus, was appointed to the non-administrative but influential position of Master of the Chamber, or Cubicularius.
Diadumenian had little time to enjoy his position or to learn anything from its opportunities because the legions of Syria revolted and declared Elagabalus ruler of the Roman Empire.
Elagabalus unsuccessfully tried to have Hierocles declared Caesar, which would have made him the emperor's successor.
Elagabalus and was
He succeeded his cousin Elagabalus upon the latter's assassination in 222, and was ultimately assassinated himself, marking the epoch event for the Crisis of the Third Century — nearly fifty years of civil wars, foreign invasion, and collapse of the monetary economy.
In the following year, on 11 March, Elagabalus was murdered, and Alexander was proclaimed emperor by the Praetorians and accepted by the Senate.
235 ) (), often seen as just Aelian, born at Praeneste, was a Roman author and teacher of rhetoric who flourished under Septimius Severus and probably outlived Elagabalus, who died in 222.
He was called Elagabalus only after his death.
Elagabalus was married as many as five times, lavished favors on male courtiers popularly thought to have been his lovers, employed a prototype of whoopee cushions at dinner parties, and was reported to have prostituted himself in the imperial palace.
Amidst growing opposition, Elagabalus, just 18 years old, was assassinated and replaced by his cousin Alexander Severus on 11 March 222, in a plot formulated by his grandmother, Julia Maesa, and carried out by disaffected members of the Praetorian Guard.
Elagabalus developed a reputation among his contemporaries for extreme eccentricity, decadence and zealotry which was likely exaggerated by his successors and political rivals.
Elagabalus was born around the year 203 to Sextus Varius Marcellus and Julia Soaemias Bassiana.
Elagabalus's family held hereditary rights to the priesthood of the sun god Elagabal, of whom Elagabalus was the high priest at Emesa ( modern Homs ) in Syria.
The deity Elagabalus was initially venerated at Emesa.
Macrinus now sent letters to the Senate denouncing Elagabalus as the False Antoninus and claiming he was insane.
The contemporary historian Cassius Dio suggests that Gannys was in fact killed by the new emperor because he was forcing Elagabalus to live " temperately and prudently.
While Elagabalus was still on his way to Rome, brief revolts broke out by the Fourth Legion at the instigation of Gellius Maximus, and the Third Legion, which itself had been responsible for the elevation of Elagabalus to the throne, under the command of Senator Verus.
Pope Saint Callixtus I or Callistus I was pope from about 217 to about 222, during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus.
In the 3rd century Syria was home to Elagabalus, a Roman emperor of the Severan dynasty who reigned from 218 to 222.
Elagabalus ' family held hereditary rights to the priesthood of the sun god El-Gabal, of whom Elagabalus was the high priest at Emesa ( modern Homs ) in Syria.
Elagabalus and illegitimate
They championed the cause of Elagabalus, then aged 14, who was Caracalla's cousin and who they passed off as his illegitimate son.
Elagabalus and son
The senators responded by acknowledging Elagabalus as emperor and accepting his claim to be the son of Caracalla.
She spread a rumor that Elagabalus was the secret son of Caracalla.
On June 8, 218 near Antioch, Gannys, Elagabalus ' tutor, defeated Macrinus and his son, with the help of the III Gallica and the other legions of the East.
Once back in Syria and possessed of ample funds, Maesa engaged in a plot to overthrow Macrinus and place one of her grandsons, Elagabalus son of Julia Soaemias, in his place.
His wife Nonia Celsa bore him a son, Diadumenianus, whom he made co-Emperor in 218 ; both were executed by partisans of " Elagabalus " ( see below ).
" Elagabalus " was son of Sextus Varius Marcellus, a Syrian, and Julia Soaemis, daughter of Julia Maesa ( the younger sister of Julia Domna, wife of Septimius Severus ); he was therefore nephew of the late " Caracalla ", whose natural son he claimed to be ( note that he took the same name as Caracalla upon donning the purple ).
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