A credulousness, a distaste for documentation, an uncritical reliance on contemporary accounts, and a proneness to assume a theory as true before adequate proof was provided were all evidences of his failure to comprehend the use of the scientific method or to evaluate the responsibilities of the historian to his reading public.

Harris dates studies of both to Classical Greece and Classical Rome, specifically, to Herodotus, often called the " father of history " and the Roman historian, Tacitus, who wrote many of our only surviving contemporary accounts of several ancient Celtic and Germanic peoples.

The contemporary historian James W. Loewen agrees with the oral traditions in his book, Lies Across America: What Our Historic Markers and Monuments Get Wrong ( 1999 ), but there is not a consensus within the professional academic community.

The chief authorities on the career of Alaric are: the historian Orosius and the poet Claudian, both contemporary, neither disinterested ; Zosimus, a historian who lived probably about half a century after Alaric's death ; and Jordanes, a Goth who wrote the history of his nation in 551, basing his work on The Trojan War.

According to the historian N. D. A. Kemp, the origin of the contemporary debate on euthanasia started in 1870. which will lead to unacceptable consequences.

* Alexander Alexeyevich Kornilov, contemporary Russian historian

The historian, with a vast chronological account of a people, parallels it with a skip trail which stops only on the salient items, and can follow at any time contemporary trails which lead him all over civilization at a particular epoch.

The Norwegian historian Yngvar Nielsen, commissioned by the Norwegian government in 1889 to determine this question in order to settle contemporary questions of Sami land rights, concluded that the Sami had lived no farther south than Lierne in Nord-Trøndelag county until around 1500, when they started moving south, reaching the area around Lake Femunden in the 18th century.

The main literary sources for Servius ' life and achievements are the Roman historian Livy ( 59 BC – AD 17 ), his near contemporary Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and Plutarch ( c. 46 – 120 AD ); their own sources included works by Quintus Fabius Pictor, Diocles of Peparethus and Quintus Ennius.

In 1876 a local historian speculated that Northup was kidnapped or killed by persons unknown while in Boston, but contemporary historians think the kidnapping unlikely, as he was too old to be of interest to slave catchers.

More's work, and that of contemporary historian Polydore Vergil, reflects a move from mundane medieval chronicles to a dramatic writing style ; for example, the shadowy King Richard is an outstanding, archetypal tyrant drawn from the pages of Sallust, and should be read as a meditation on power and corruption as well as a history of the reign of Richard III.

Greek historians of the fourth century BC accepted that history was political and that contemporary history was the proper domain of a historian.

Xenophon (, Xenophōn ; c. 430 – 354 BC ), son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, also known as Xenophon of Athens, was a Greek historian, soldier, mercenary, philosopher and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates.

Pericles had such a profound influence on Athenian society that Thucydides, his contemporary historian, acclaimed him as " the first citizen of Athens ".

A contemporary Georgian historian extols Tamar as the master of the lands " from the Sea of Pontus is, the Black Sea to the Sea of Gurgan Caspian Sea, from Speri to Derbend, and all the Hither and the Thither Caucasus up to Khazaria and Scythia.

Socrates of Constantinople, also known as Socrates Scholasticus, not to be confused with the Classical Greek philosopher Socrates, was a Greek Christian church historian, a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret, who used his work ; he was born at Constantinople c. 380: the date of his death is unknown.

* Historical contemporary references to Manuel II by the Byzantine Greek historian George Sphrantzes

This inscription is supplemented by the contemporary Jewish historian, Josephus ( 37 – 100 ), who reports in the Jewish Wars ( book 7, ch.

In Germany, the Catholic theologian and church historian Joseph Schnitzer edited and published contemporary sources which illuminated Savonarola ’ s career.

Trieste in the 17th century, in a contemporary image by the Carniola n historian Johann Weikhard von Valvasor

The development of the Bharatnatyam dance form has therefore been surrounded by controversy as some including Ashish Khokar the Indian dance historian have seen it as a means by which many women, often Brahmin women, have appropriated certain Devadasi traditions while disassociating themselves with other aspects of the contemporary devadasis ' practices.

The Book of Pluscarden describes ' a detestable split and most unworthy difference arising from jealosy ' within the Scottish camp and the historian Michael Brown explains that a contemporary source has James appointing his young and inexperienced cousin Robert Stewart of Atholl as the constable of the host ahead of the experienced march wardens the earls of Douglas and Angus.

Art historian Raymond Cogniat writes that after living and studying art on his own for four years, " Chagall entered into the mainstream of contemporary art.

In the view of Dio Cassius, a contemporary observer, his accession marked the descent " from a kingdom of gold to one of rust and iron "— a famous comment which has led some historians, notably Edward Gibbon, to take Commodus ' reign as the beginning of the decline of the Roman Empire.

The principal surviving literary sources are Dio Cassius ( a contemporary and sometimes first-hand observer, but for this reign, only transmitted in fragments and abbreviations ), Herodian and the Historia Augusta ( untrustworthy for its character as a work of literature rather than history, with elements of fiction embedded within its biographies ; in the case of Commodus, it may well be embroidering upon what the author found in reasonably good contemporary sources ).

In 1984 the Riverside Shakespeare Company of New York City produced a modern dress Julius Caesar set in contemporary Washington, called simply CAESAR !, starring Harold Scott as Brutus, Herman Petras as Caesar, Marya Lowry as Portia, Robert Walsh as Antony, and Michael Cook as Cassius, directed by W. Stuart McDowell at The Shakespeare Center.

According to historians, as a result of the linguistic unity of the Getae and Dacians that result from the record of ancient writers Strabo, Cassius Dio, Trogus Pompeius, Appian and Pliny the Elder, contemporary historiography often uses the term Geto-Dacians to refer to the people living in the area between the Carpathians, the Haemus ( Balkan ) Mountains and the Black Sea.

Most contemporary historians ( Cassius Dio, Valerius Maximus, and Appian ) claim that she killed herself after hearing that Brutus had died following the second battle of Philippi.

This event is unverified by other contemporary sources, but may explain why his son ( P Cornelius P f P n Lentulus Spinther ) joined Caesar's assassins, Brutus and Cassius, and struck coins for them during their civil war against the forces of Marc Anthony and Octavian.

He is nearly contemporary with Togodumnus, a prince of the Catuvellauni tribe mentioned by Dio Cassius, and the similarity of their names has led some, including Dr Miles Russell of Bournemouth University and the distinguished archaeologist professor Barry Cunliffe of Oxford University, to suggest that they may be one and the same, thereby making the Fishbourne king a son of Cunobelinus and brother of Caratacus.

The only contemporary detailed account of the invasion comes from Cassius Dio's Roman History, written in the early 3rd century.

However, virtually all major works of Greek and Latin prose possessed such clausulae ; and some scholars have rejected the identification of Libanius ' Marcellinus with Ammianus, since Marcellinus was a very common name and the tone suggests Libanius was addressing a man much younger than himself ( Ammianus was his contemporary ).

Latour suggests that about 90 % of contemporary social criticism in academia displays one of two approaches which he terms “ the fact position and the fairy position .” ( p. 237 ) The fact position is anti-fetishist, arguing that “ objects of belief ” ( e. g., religion, arts ) are merely concepts onto which power is projected ; the “ fairy position ” argues that individuals are dominated, often covertly and without their awareness, by external forces ( e. g., economics, gender ).

Contrary to a popular misconception — that hypnosis is a form of unconsciousness resembling sleep — contemporary research suggests that hypnotic subjects are fully awake and are focusing attention, with a corresponding decrease in their peripheral awareness.

Rushton describes " ethnic conflict and rivalry " as " one of the great themes of historical and contemporary society ", and suggests that this may have its roots in the evolutionary impact on individuals from groups " giving preferential treatment to genetically similar others.

Jim Bradbury notes the consensus of contemporary historians that John was a " hard-working administrator, an able man, an able general ", albeit, as Turner suggests, with " distasteful, even dangerous personality traits ", including pettiness, spitefulness and cruelty.

Investigations have not yet discovered settlement or agricultural activity around the edge of Lindow Moss that would have been contemporary with Lindow Man ; however, analysis of pollen in the peat suggests there was some cultivation in the vicinity.

The professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame Alvin Plantinga criticises it, and the Emiritus Regius Professor of Divinity Keith Ward suggests that materialism is rare amongst contemporary UK philosophers: " Looking around my philosopher colleagues in Britain, virtually all of whom I know at least from their published work, I would say that very few of them are materialists.

As a contemporary biographer of John Brown put it: " If, as Alfred Kazin suggests, without John Brown there would have been no Civil War, we would add that without the Concord Transcendentalists, John Brown would have had little cultural impact.

" During an interview with James Ferman ( former director of the British Board of Film Classification ), Ali G asks whether his made-up vulgarities would restrict a film to an over-18 audience, and suggests that film censorship be performed by younger persons who understand contemporary slang.

The slander that Demosthenes ' wife also slept with the boy suggests that the relationship was contemporary with his marriage.

Raeder later claimed during his testimony at Nuremberg and in his memoirs to have been opposed to the denunciation of the A. G. N. A., which he claimed to have been kept in the dark about, but contemporary evidence from 1939, not the least Raeder's own role as the author of the Z Plan suggests otherwise.

Francesca T. Royster suggests that contemporary interpretations of Cleopatra consider her African-American traits: “ Cleopatra has ‘ soul ’-- she provides the proof that there is a locatable black aesthetic transcendent of time and place .”

Richard North further notes that unusually, sib is personified here and in lines 2599 to 2661, and suggests they may be references to Sif in Danish religion: " Both instances may indicate that the poet of Beowulf was in a position to imagine a sixth-century Scandinavia on the basis of his knowledge of contemporary Danish legends.

On the other hand, a contemporary source says that one general Leo of the Armeniakon theme was punished for his humiliating defeat by the Arabs during which he also lost the salaries of his thematic units ( a modern scholar suggests that this Leo is not the same with the emperor ).

The true extent of the damage is unknown, though the fact that the lead cames holding the west windows together survived the conflagration intact suggests contemporary accounts of the terrible devastation may have been exaggerated.

No contemporary text or myth survives to attest the original character and nature of Cybele's Phrygian cult but the ubiquity of her Phrygian name, Matar (" Mother "), image and iconography in funerary contexts suggests her as mediator between the " boundaries of the known and unknown ".

The Midas of the late 8th century BC had a Greek wife and strong ties to the Greeks, which suggests it was he who made the offering ; but Herodotus also says Gyges of Lydia, a contemporary of that Midas, was " the first foreigner since Midas " to make an offering at Delphi, which suggests Herodotus believed the throne was donated by the more ancient Midas.

Instead Ormrod suggests the focus should be on the motivation behind the use of sexuality in contemporary attacks on the king and Gaveston.

Recently, Shana Poplack has provided corpus-based evidence from isolated enclaves in Samaná and Nova Scotia peopled by descendants of migrations of early AAVE-speaking groups ( see Samaná English ), that suggests that the grammar of early AAVE was closer to that of contemporary British dialects than modern urban AAVE is to current American dialects, suggesting that the modern language is a result of divergence from mainstream varieties, rather than the result of decreolization from a widespread American creole.

In keeping with contemporary scholarly trends in textual criticism, critical theory, and the history of the book, Charlotte Brewer, among others, suggests that scribes and their supervisors be regarded as editors with semi-authorial roles in the production of Piers Plowman and other early modern texts ; but this has nothing to do with Manly's argument.

For example, toothmarks on cave bear remains in areas where cave bears are the only recorded potential carnivores suggests occasional cannibalistic scavenging, possibly on individuals that died during hibernation, and dental microwear analysis indicates the cave bear may have fed on a greater quantity of bone than its contemporary, the smaller Eurasian brown bear.

Lambert's biography at Screenonline suggests some reasons for this failure: " With on-location production facilities and an evident striving for a genuinely contemporary flavour, Lambert's costly Euro soap Eldorado suggested a degree of ambition ... which it seemed in the event ill-equipped to realise, and a potentially interesting subject tailed off into implausible melodrama.

However, evidence from Carbon Dating suggests that the stone circle which encircled Newgrange may not be contemporary with the monument itself but was placed there some 1, 000 years later in the Bronze Age.