:* Electronic and magnetic materials – materials such as semiconductors used to create integrated circuits, storage media, sensors, and other devices.

* Electronic devices and systems used in the transfer of ideas and perceptions ;

* Electronic devices and systems intended to allow friendly forces to operate in hostile environments and to deny to hostile forces the effective use of electromagnetic resources.

Electronic noise exists in all circuits and devices as a result of thermal noise, also referred to as Johnson Noise.

The IBM 402 series, introduced after World War II, had a similar print arrangement and was used by IBM in early computing devices, including the IBM Card-Programmed Electronic Calculator.

Electronic devices such as oscillators, echoes, filters and alarm clocks were an integral part of free improvisation performances by groups such as Kluster at the underground scene at Zodiac Club in Berlin in the late 1960s.

* Electronic bugging devices were found in March 2003 at offices used by French and German delegations at the European Union headquarters in Brussels.

This can be done using the MAC ( Machine Access Control ) addresses from Bluetooth devices, or using the RFID serial numbers from Electronic Toll Collection ( ETC ) transponders ( also called " toll tags ").

Electronic descendants of these devices are now widespread.

Electronic toys and hand-held devices are often appealing because of a gimmick that they offer.

Electronic devices are sometimes used to accurately capture times.

* Electronic thermistors and semiconductor devices

At their website Glitch TV ( where the motto is " sudden interruption in sanity, continuity or programme function ") they sell and explain their devices such as the " Electronic Devices Digital Interface " glitch equipment.

Apart from a few exemptions, RoHS2 covers all types of Electrical and Electronic Equipment ( EEE ) including some medical devices and monitoring and control equipment which have been exempt in the past.

Electronic stethoscopes can be recording devices, and can provide noise reduction and signal enhancement.

Safety devices such as Electronic Stability System that prevent the sidelifter from rolling over may be sometimes required by local legislations

Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as computer power supplies where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements.

He worked at RCA Research Laboratories on superconductive parametric and storage devices and at Electronic Memories, Inc., on advanced memory systems.

In 1993, Rafael Development Corporation ( RDC ), a technology transfer company, was established as a joint venture with Elron Electronic Industries ; in order to commercialize applications based on defense technologies for medical devices, telecommunications, and semiconductor industries.

Electronic devices need to be calibrated before and after use to ensure the accuracy of the measurements taken and often require a system of certifying the precision of the instrument.

Electronic alphanumeric displays may use LEDs, LCDs, or vacuum fluorescent display devices.

Electronic temperature measurement, via thermocouples, thermistors, and resistance temperature devices ( RTDs ), for example, have been widely used too since they became available.

Electronic semiconductor devices and optical coatings are the main applications benefiting from thin film construction.

Katherine Albrecht of CASPIAN and author of " The Spychips Threat: Why Christians Should Resist RFID and Electronic Surveillance " notes that " There are many ways in which current versions of RFID devices like the VeriChip implant do not match the description of the mark of the beast in Revelation.

Eventually, during the height of the Cold War, the threat would have actually expanded into regimental-size raids of Tu-16 Badger and Tu-22M Backfire bombers equipped with low-flying, long-range, high-speed, nuclear-armed cruise missiles and considerable Electronic Counter Measures ( ECM ) of various types.

For the first time, not only manufacturers, but also importers and distributors share a responsibility to ensure Electrical and Electronic Equipment within the scope of RoHS comply with the hazardous substances limits and have a CE mark on their products.

Agreements within the ISO standards body have led to these systems being referred to as Electronic Cinema Systems ( E-Cinema ).

Health and environmental concerns associated with electronics assembly have gained increased attention in recent years, especially for products destined to the European Union, with its Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive ( RoHS ) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive ( WEEE ), which went into force in July 2006.

Engineering DataXpress was perhaps the first such company in this realm, with Electronic Tools Company seeming to have captured the market in the mid to late 1990s.

Even though other companies, such as Electronic Arts, have encouraged machinima, they have avoided licensing it.

Electronic keyboards have switches under each key.

During the band's career and in between lengthy breaks, band members have been involved in several solo projects, such as Sumner's Electronic and Bad Lieutenant ; Hook's Monaco and Revenge and Gilbert's and Morris ' The Other Two.

Electronic navigational systems have made even this simple measure unnecessary.

In recent years this model has been in decline, with the larger publishers such as Electronic Arts and Activision increasingly turning to internal studios, usually former independent developers that they have acquired for the majority of their development needs.

Some video game developers, such as Electronic Arts, have been accused of excessive invocation of " crunch time ".

Electronic instruments have been widely deployed in all manners of popular music and has led to the development of such genres as house, synthpop, electronic dance music, and industrial.

They do have some drawbacks however: they are slower than more modern boxes with faster processors ( ONdigital receivers often take several seconds to change channel for example ) and lack support for the full Freeview Electronic Programme Guide, as this feature was introduced well after the ONdigital receiver software was written.

Electronic mail and online chat have reduced the need for deaf and hard-of-hearing people to use a third-party Telecommunications Relay Service in order to communicate with the hearing and other hearing impaired people.

Electronic movements have few or no moving parts, as they use the piezoelectric effect in a tiny quartz crystal to provide a stable time base for a mostly electronic movement.

Recognition of Kilby ’ s outstanding achievements have been made by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ( IEEE ), including the election to IEEE Fellow in 1966, the IEEE David Sarnoff Award in 1966, co-recipient of the first IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award in 1978, the IEEE Centennial Medal in 1984 and the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1986.

Electronic Arts in the early 1990s used to have a faux sports network logo on their sports games called EASN ( Electronic Arts Sports Network ), but soon changed to EA Sports after ESPN requested that they stop using it.

However, many civil rights and privacy groups, such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation and American Civil Liberties Union, have expressed concern that by allowing continual increases in government surveillance of citizens we will end up in a mass surveillance society, with extremely limited, or non-existent political and / or personal freedoms.

Electronic monitoring has been said to be particularly useful for early detection of flight when defendants have been granted pretrial release, or for preparing incarcerated individuals for release back into the community.

The monitoring of sex offenders via Electronic Tagging is currently in debate due to certain rights offenders have in England & Wales.

Fans of Ultima Online have reverse-engineered the game to produce server emulators of the original Electronic Arts servers.

Electronic Arts provides the standard clients with which players are allowed to connect to the Ultima Online servers, though some third-party clients have also been made.

* Electronic documents may have a digital object identifier ( DOI ).