Electronic controllers have largely replaced cam timers for most applications, primarily to reduce costs, and also to maximise product features.

Electronic timers are essentially quartz clocks with special electronics, and can achieve higher precision than mechanical timers.

Eventually, during the height of the Cold War, the threat would have actually expanded into regimental-size raids of Tu-16 Badger and Tu-22M Backfire bombers equipped with low-flying, long-range, high-speed, nuclear-armed cruise missiles and considerable Electronic Counter Measures ( ECM ) of various types.

For the first time, not only manufacturers, but also importers and distributors share a responsibility to ensure Electrical and Electronic Equipment within the scope of RoHS comply with the hazardous substances limits and have a CE mark on their products.

Agreements within the ISO standards body have led to these systems being referred to as Electronic Cinema Systems ( E-Cinema ).

Health and environmental concerns associated with electronics assembly have gained increased attention in recent years, especially for products destined to the European Union, with its Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive ( RoHS ) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive ( WEEE ), which went into force in July 2006.

Engineering DataXpress was perhaps the first such company in this realm, with Electronic Tools Company seeming to have captured the market in the mid to late 1990s.

Even though other companies, such as Electronic Arts, have encouraged machinima, they have avoided licensing it.

Electronic keyboards have switches under each key.

During the band's career and in between lengthy breaks, band members have been involved in several solo projects, such as Sumner's Electronic and Bad Lieutenant ; Hook's Monaco and Revenge and Gilbert's and Morris ' The Other Two.

Electronic navigational systems have made even this simple measure unnecessary.

In recent years this model has been in decline, with the larger publishers such as Electronic Arts and Activision increasingly turning to internal studios, usually former independent developers that they have acquired for the majority of their development needs.

Some video game developers, such as Electronic Arts, have been accused of excessive invocation of " crunch time ".

Electronic instruments have been widely deployed in all manners of popular music and has led to the development of such genres as house, synthpop, electronic dance music, and industrial.

They do have some drawbacks however: they are slower than more modern boxes with faster processors ( ONdigital receivers often take several seconds to change channel for example ) and lack support for the full Freeview Electronic Programme Guide, as this feature was introduced well after the ONdigital receiver software was written.

Electronic mail and online chat have reduced the need for deaf and hard-of-hearing people to use a third-party Telecommunications Relay Service in order to communicate with the hearing and other hearing impaired people.

Electronic movements have few or no moving parts, as they use the piezoelectric effect in a tiny quartz crystal to provide a stable time base for a mostly electronic movement.

Recognition of Kilby ’ s outstanding achievements have been made by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ( IEEE ), including the election to IEEE Fellow in 1966, the IEEE David Sarnoff Award in 1966, co-recipient of the first IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award in 1978, the IEEE Centennial Medal in 1984 and the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1986.

Electronic Arts in the early 1990s used to have a faux sports network logo on their sports games called EASN ( Electronic Arts Sports Network ), but soon changed to EA Sports after ESPN requested that they stop using it.

However, many civil rights and privacy groups, such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation and American Civil Liberties Union, have expressed concern that by allowing continual increases in government surveillance of citizens we will end up in a mass surveillance society, with extremely limited, or non-existent political and / or personal freedoms.

Electronic monitoring has been said to be particularly useful for early detection of flight when defendants have been granted pretrial release, or for preparing incarcerated individuals for release back into the community.

The monitoring of sex offenders via Electronic Tagging is currently in debate due to certain rights offenders have in England & Wales.

Fans of Ultima Online have reverse-engineered the game to produce server emulators of the original Electronic Arts servers.

Electronic Arts provides the standard clients with which players are allowed to connect to the Ultima Online servers, though some third-party clients have also been made.

* Electronic documents may have a digital object identifier ( DOI ).

* Electronic computer or Electronic digital computer

Electronic commerce uses technology such as digital signatures and public key encryption to establish authenticity and non-repudiation.

The New Zealand Electronic Text Centre ( NZETC ) is a digital library of significant New Zealand and Pacific Island texts and materials.

The term Set-Back Box is used in the digital TV industry to describe a piece of consumer hardware that enables them to access both linear broadcast and internet-based video content, plus a range of interactive services like Electronic Programme Guides ( EPG ), Pay Per View ( PPV ) and Video on Demand ( VOD ) as well as internet browsing, and view them on a large screen television set.

Electronic switching systems with stored-program capability allowed electronic processing of the dialed digits, referring to electronic memories to determine call routing, and this has reached the state of the art, with digital telephone exchanges which are basically specialized computers that route voice traffic from one " peripheral " to another as digital data.

* Electronic Poetry Center, an online resource for digital poetry

Electronic money ( also known as e-currency, e-money, electronic cash, electronic currency, digital money, digital cash, digital currency, cyber currency ) is money or scrip that is only exchanged electronically.

Electronic funds transfer ( EFT ), direct deposit, digital gold currency and virtual currency are all examples of electronic money.

In 1990, with fellow digital rights activists John Perry Barlow and John Gilmore, he co-founded the Electronic Frontier Foundation, and served as its chairman until 1994.

In 1985 Hasselblad established the subsidiary, Hasselblad Electronic Imaging AB, to focus on digital imaging and transmission systems.

* Synergy's Electronic Realizations for Rock Orchestra, recorded with a Minimoog, an Oberheim expander module controlled by an early Oberheim DS-2 digital sequencer and a Mellotron.

Electronic publishing ( also referred to as ePublishing or digital publishing ) includes the digital publication of e-books, EPUBs, and electronic articles, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues.

Electronic shutters used in some digital cameras do not have this limitation and may allow a very high X-sync speed.

The Academy's first online-only ( born digital ) journal is Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence or " ETAI " ().

In 2010, Front Line Assembly, with new members Jeremy Inkel and Jared Slingerland, released a new single, Shifting Through the Lens ( released 28 May 2010 ), and album, Improvised Electronic Device ( released 25 June 2010 ), the latter also available as a a deluxe edition featuring two extra tracks ( only available as a digital release ).

Electronic circuitry translates that into a square wave at the same frequency for digital electronics applications ( or, in using a CPU multiplier, some fixed multiple of the crystal reference frequency ).

* Magyar Elektronikus Könyvtár, or the Hungarian Electronic Library, a digital library

This Electronic Age would have a growing number of digital tribes forming around the most specialized ideas, beliefs, values, interests, and fetishes.