Historian Elizabeth Eisenstein claimed that the fall of Constantinople in 1453 had threatened the importance and survival of Greek scholarship, but publications such as those by the Aldine Press secured it.

His parents were Scots-Irish colonists Andrew and Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson, Presbyterians who had emigrated from Ireland two years earlier.

He had a brother William four years his elder and an older sister Elizabeth, who died in childhood.

But if every historian were to assert that Queen Elizabeth was observed walking around happy and healthy after her funeral, and then interpreted that to mean that they had risen from the dead, then we'd have reason to appeal to natural laws in order to dispute their interpretation.

On 8 November 1273 Andronikos II married as his first wife Anna of Hungary, daughter of Stephen V of Hungary and Elizabeth the Cuman, with whom he had two sons:

Anne had four pupils: Lydia, age 15, Elizabeth, age 13, Mary, age 12, and Edmund, age 8.

DiFranco was born in Buffalo, New York, to Elizabeth and Dante DiFranco, who had met while attending MIT.

In another 1998 event, Elizabeth Ward Gracen recanted a six-year-old denial and stated she had a one night stand with Clinton in 1982.

They had four children: ( Lady ) Janet Helen ( b. 1923 ), ( Lady ) Felicity Ann ( 1925 – 2007 ), Martin Richard ( 1927 – 91 ) and ( Lady ) Alison Elizabeth ( b. 1930 ).

They had one son, Charles Evans Hughes, Jr. and three daughters, one of whom was Elizabeth Hughes Gossett, one of the first humans injected with insulin, and who later served as president of the Supreme Court Historical Society.

He is of English ( maternal ), Swiss and possibly Native American Modoc Tribe multi-ethnic ( paternal ) ancestry His father, Howard " Pete " Brubeck, was a cattle rancher, and his mother, Elizabeth ( née Ivey ), who had studied piano in England under Myra Hess and intended to become a concert pianist, taught piano for extra money.

" Jones and Haines had two daughters: Talia Elizabeth ( born 2 October 1968 ) and Sarah Lee ( born 3 July 1971 ).

The Garretts had their first three children in quick succession: Louie, Elizabeth and their brother, Newson Dunnell, who died at the age of six months.

Elizabeth ’ s grandfather, owner of the family engineering works, Richard Garrett & Sons, had died in 1837, leaving the business to his eldest son, Elizabeth ’ s uncle.

Elizabeth and Louie were known as “ the bathing Garretts ”, as their father had insisted they be allowed a hot bath once a week.

It may have been in The Englishwoman ’ s Journal, first issued in 1858, that Elizabeth first read of Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, who had become the first female doctor in the United States in 1849.

The first death due to cholera occurred in 1866, but by then Elizabeth had already opened St. Mary ’ s Dispensary for Women and Children, at 69 Seymour Place.

* Universalis Ecclesiae, a bull of Pope Pius IX that recreated the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England, which had gone underground with the death of the last Marian bishop in the reign of Elizabeth I

In 1558, Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister, during whose reign she had been imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels.

In government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been.

Mary, a devout Catholic, was determined to crush the Protestant faith in which Elizabeth had been educated, and she ordered that everyone attend Catholic Mass ; Elizabeth had to outwardly conform.

In historian J. E. Neale's view, Elizabeth may not have declared her wishes openly to James, but she made them known with " unmistakable if veiled phrases ".

At least since first-wave feminism in the United States, there has been interest in analyzing religion to see if and how doctrines and practices treat women unfairly, as in Elizabeth Cady Stanton's The Woman's Bible.

Elizabeth made it clear that if they refused the oath the first time, they would have a second opportunity, after which, if the oath was not sworn, the offender would be deprived of their offices and estates.

Also, without an heir, the Tudor dynasty would end ; the risk of civil war between rival claimants was a possibility if Elizabeth died childless.

Despite this, Elizabeth would not name Mary her heir ; as she had experienced during the reign of her predecessor Mary I, the opposition could flock around the heir if they were disheartened with Elizabeth's rule.

As a child, Elizabeth was bright, if not brilliant, but her formal education was both imperfect and desultory.

On balance, it can be said that Elizabeth provided the country with a long period of general if not total peace, and generally increasing prosperity.

Elizabeth Woodville's arms as queen consort, the royal arms of England Impalement ( heraldry ) | impaling Wooville ( Quartlerly, first argent, a lion rampant double queued gules, crowned or ( Luxemburg, her mother ’ s family ), second quarterly, I and IV, gules a star if eight points argent ; II and III, azure, semée of fleurs de lys or ; third, barry argent and azure, overall a lion rampant gules ; fourth, gules, three bendlets argent, on a chief of the first, charged with a fillet in base or, a rose of the second ( here shown in inverse: the rose should be argent on a chief gules ); fifth, three pallets vairy, on a chief or a label of five points azure, and sixth, a fess and a canton conjoined gules ( Woodville ))

By using privateers, if the Spanish were to take offense at the plundering of their ships, Queen Elizabeth could always deny she had anything to do with the actions of such independents.

Mary of Scotland at first enquired if Elizabeth was serious, wanting above all to know her chances of inheriting the English crown.

Two new Queen Elizabeth class carriers able to operate the F-35B short take-off and landing variant of the US Lockheed Martin Lightning II aircraft are under construction ; it is not certain if both carriers will enter service or the number of aircraft that will be purchased.

Drake viewing treasure taken from a Spanish ship, print courtesy New York Public LibraryDuring the Middle Ages, armed private vessels enjoying their sovereign's tacit consent, if not always an explicit formal commission, regularly raided shipping of other nations, as in the case of Francis Drake's attacks on Spanish shipping, of which Elizabeth I ( despite protestations of innocence ) took a share.

* Certain documents relating to Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon's wishes to preserve a monarchy if the Nazis occupied the UK are to be released from the Royal Archives.

Furthermore, if the then Princess Elizabeth had been given the title of Princess of Wales, there would have been the problem of what to call her future husband.

Llywelyn ab Iorwerth's consort, Joan, Lady of Wales, used that title in the 1230s ; Isabella de Braose and Elizabeth Ferrers were likewise married to princes of Wales, but it is not known if they assumed a title in light of their husbands ' status.

Scottish ambassadors had at first concentrated their suit on the oldest daughter, but Frederick betrothed Elizabeth to Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick, promising the Scots instead that " for the second Anna, if the King did like her, he should have her.

The over-ambitious Thomas started to make advances toward Elizabeth, sneaking into " the Lady Elizabeth's chamber before she was ready, and sometimes before she did rise ; and if she were up he would bid her good morrow and ask how she did, and strike her upon the back or on the buttocks familiarly ..." Thomas, while doing this, was often only partly dressed.

When Dudley's wife dies under mysterious circumstances, Elizabeth must decide if she really wants to marry ; and if so, is Dudley the right choice?

An Act of Elizabeth's first parliament dissolved the refounded houses ; but although Elizabeth offered to allow the monks in Westminster to remain in place with restored pensions if they took the Oath of Supremacy and conformed to the new Book of Common Prayer, all refused and dispersed unpensioned.

According to Elizabeth Taylor ( as quoted in Patricia Bosworth's biography of Clift ), " Monty could've been the biggest star in the world if he did more movies.

Frederick's advisers in the Electoral Palatinate were worried that if Elizabeth Stuart were married to a Catholic prince, this would upset the confessional balance of Europe, and they were thus determined that she would marry Frederick V. Hans Meinhard von Schönberg, who had served as Frederick V's hofmeister since his return to Heidelberg, was sent to London to court the princess in spring 1612.