Aplu, it is suggested, comes from the Akkadian Aplu Enlil, meaning " the son of Enlil ", a title that was given to the god Nergal, who was linked to Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun.

In later Akkadian, Enlil is the son of Anshar and Kishar.

Enlil is the father of Nisaba the goddess of grain, of Pabilsag who is sometimes equated with Ninurta, and sometimes of Enbilulu.

This advice is relayed to Ninurta by way of Sharur, his enchanted talking mace, which had been sent by Ninurta to the realm of the gods to seek counsel from Enlil directly.

In the later Legend of Atrahasis, Enlil, the king of the gods, sets out to eliminate humanity, whose noise is disturbing his rest.

Enlil is angry his will has been thwarted yet again, and Enki is named as the culprit.

Enki explains that Enlil is unfair to punish the guiltless, and the gods institute measures to ensure that humanity does not become too populous in the future.

Enlil tells Ninshubur he is much too busy running the cosmos.

Of his cult at Eridu, which goes back to the oldest period of Mesopotamian history, nothing definite is known except that his temple was also associated with Ninhursag's temple which was called Esaggila, " the lofty head house " ( E, house, sag, head, ila, high ; or Akkadian goddess = Ila ), a name shared with Marduk's temple in Babylon, pointing to a staged tower or ziggurat ( as with the temple of Enlil at Nippur, which was known as E-kur ( kur, hill )), and that incantations, involving ceremonial rites in which water as a sacred element played a prominent part, formed a feature of his worship.

It is, however, as the third figure in the triad ( the two other members of which were Anu and Enlil ) that Ea acquires his permanent place in the pantheon.

The oldest significant astronomical text that we possess is Tablet 63 of ' Enūma Anu Enlil ', the Venus tablet of Ammi-saduqa, which lists the first and last visible risings of Venus over a period of about 21 years and is the earliest evidence that the phenomena of a planet were recognized as periodic.

Notable amongst these is the Enuma Anu Enlil ( astrological omens ), Šumma ālu ( terrestrial omens ), Šumma izbu ( anomalous births ), Alamdimmû ( physiognomic omens ), and Iškar Zaqīqu ( dream omens ).

He is also occasionally son of Enlil.

He is the son of Enlil and Ninlil.

As the former he is the son of Anu, the god of heaven, but he is likewise associated with Enlil of Nippur as the god of the earth and regarded as his first-born son.

A centre of his cult in Assyria was in Harran, where, because of the predominance of the moon-cult, he is viewed as the son of the moongod Sin, though Nusku was with Enlil when Sin wasn't born yet, and Enlil hadn't married Ninlil-Sin's mother.

While the relationship between Ea and Marduk is marked by harmony and an amicable abdication on the part of the father in favour of his son, Marduk's absorption of the power and prerogatives of Enlil of Nippur was at the expense of the latter's prestige.

She may be the Goddess of the South Wind referred to in the story of Adapa, as her husband Enlil was associated with northerly winter storms.

The Etruscans coming from northern Anatolia also worshipped Apollo, and it may be that he was originally identical with Mesopotamian Aplu, an Akkadian title meaning " son ", originally given to the plague God Nergal, son of Enlil.

Enlil with his wife, Ninlil

Enlil, along with Anu / An, Enki and Ninhursag were gods of the Sumerians.

After dispatching Tiamat with the " arrows of his winds " down her throat ( similar in some respects to how Elohim moves his breath ( ruach ) over the " face of the deep " or " Tehom ", in Genesis 1: 2 ) and reconstructing the heavens with the arch of her ribs, Enlil places her tail in the sky as the Milky Way, and her crying eyes become the source of the Tigris and Euphrates.

Among the findings were the Enuma Elish, also known as the Epic of Creation, which depicts a traditional Babylonian view of creation, the Epic of Gilgamesh, a large selection of " omen texts " including Enuma Anu Enlil which " contained omens dealing with the moon, its visibility, eclipses, and conjunction with planets and fixed stars, the sun, its corona, spots, and eclipses, the weather, namely lightning, thunder, and clouds, and the planets and their visibility, appearance, and stations ", and astronomic / astrological texts, as well as standard lists used by scribes and scholars such as word lists, bilingual vocabularies, lists of signs and synonyms, and lists of medical diagnoses.

Enlil blesses Utnapishtim and his wife, and rewards them with eternal life.

In the eleventh tablet of the Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Utnapishtim " the faraway " is the wise king of the Sumerian city state of Shuruppak who, along with his unnamed wife, survived a flood sent by Enlil to drown every living thing on Earth.

Dagan is mentioned occasionally in early Sumerian texts but becomes prominent only in later Akkadian inscriptions as a powerful and warlike protector, sometimes equated with Enlil.

The deities gathered in terror, but Anu, ( replaced later, first by Enlil and, in the late version that has survived after the First Dynasty of Babylon, by Marduk, the son of Ea ), first extracting a promise that he would be revered as " king of the gods ", overcame her, armed with the arrows of the winds, a net, a club, and an invincible spear.

Her son with Enlil was the god Namtar.

Marc Van de Mieroop points out the Enuma Anu Enlil was a popular text among them: “ It contained omens dealing with the moon, its visibility, eclipses, and conjunction with planets and fixed stars, the sun, its corona, spots, and eclipses, the weather, namely lightning, thunder, and clouds, and the planets and their visibility, appearance, and stations .”

This correlates with ' The Curse of Akkade ' in which Naram-Sin, under whom Enheduanna may have also served, is cursed and cast out by Enlil.

She and her brother Lahar, both children of Enlil, were created by the gods to provide the Annunaki with food, but when the heavenly creatures were found unable to make use of their products, humankind was created to provide an outlet for their services.

Enlil was the god of air in ancient Sumer.

Nippur ( Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as, EN. LÍL < sup > KI </ sup >, " Enlil City ;" Akkadian: Nibbur ) was one of the most ancient of all the Sumerian cities.

It was distinctively a sacred city, important from the possession of the famous shrine of Enlil.

" Kur-gal " also means " Great Mountain " and is a metonym for both Nippur and Enlil who rules from that city.

The mes were originally collected by Enlil and then handed over to the guardianship of Enki who was to broker them out to the various Sumerian centers beginning with his own city of Eridu and continuing with Ur, Meluhha, and Dilmun.

It describes the goddess Ningal, who weeps for her city after pleading with the god Enlil to call back a destructive storm.

As Enlil was the only god who could reach the heaven god An he held sway over the other gods who were assigned tasks by his agent and would travel to Nippur to draw in his power.

Inscriptions found at Nippur, where extensive excavations were carried on during 1888 – 1900 by John P Peters and John Henry Haynes, under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania, show that Enlil was the head of an extensive pantheon.

The gods then seek help elsewhere, and the patriarchal Enlil, their father, God of Nippur, promises to solve the problem if they make him King of the Gods.

The early inscriptions of Urukagina in fact go so far as to suggest that the divine pair, Enki and Ninki, were the progenators of seven pairs of gods, including Enki as god of Eridu, Enlil of Nippur, and Su ' en ( or Sin ) of Ur, and were themselves the children of An ( sky, heaven ) and Ki ( earth ).

The most notable architectural remains from early Mesopotamia are the temple complexes at Uruk from the 4th millennium BC, temples and palaces from the Early Dynastic period sites in the Diyala River valley such as Khafajah and Tell Asmar, the Third Dynasty of Ur remains at Nippur ( Sanctuary of Enlil ) and Ur ( Sanctuary of Nanna ), Middle Bronze Age remains at Syrian-Turkish sites of Ebla, Mari, Alalakh, Aleppo and Kultepe, Late Bronze Age palaces at Bogazkoy ( Hattusha ), Ugarit, Ashur and Nuzi, Iron Age palaces and temples at Assyrian ( Kalhu / Nimrud, Khorsabad, Nineveh ), Babylonian ( Babylon ), Urartian ( Tushpa / Van Kalesi, Cavustepe, Ayanis, Armavir, Erebuni, Bastam ) and Neo-Hittite sites ( Karkamis, Tell Halaf, Karatepe ).

* Nippur, E-kur, Enlil

2700 – 2600 BC ), said to have conquered Elam and built the temple of Enlil in Nippur.

In a long inscription that he made engraved on hundreds of stone vases dedicated to Enlil of Nippur, he boasts that his kingdom extended " from the Lower Sea ( Persian Gulf ), along the Tigris and Euphrates, to the Upper Sea " or Mediterranean.

The most notable architectural remains from early Mesopotamia are the temple complexes at Uruk from the 4th millennium BC, temples and palaces from the Early Dynastic period sites in the Diyala River valley such as Khafajah and Tell Asmar, the Third Dynasty of Ur remains at Nippur ( Sanctuary of Enlil ) and Ur ( Sanctuary of Nanna ), Middle Bronze Age remains at Syrian-Turkish sites of Ebla, Mari, Alalakh, Aleppo and Kultepe, Late Bronze Age palaces at Bogazkoy ( Hattusha ), Ugarit, Ashur and Nuzi, Iron Age palaces and temples at Assyrian ( Kalhu / Nimrud, Khorsabad, Nineveh ), Babylonian ( Babylon ), Urartian ( Tushpa / Van Kalesi, Cavustepe, Ayanis, Armavir, Erebuni, Bastam ) and Neo-Hittite sites ( Karkamis, Tell Halaf, Karatepe ).

After the days of Hammurabi, the cult of Marduk eclipsed that of Enlil ; although Nippur and the cult of Enlil enjoyed a period of renaissance during the four centuries of Kassite control in Babylonia ( c. 1570 BCE – 1157 BCE ), the definite and permanent triumph of Marduk over Enlil became felt within the Babylonian empire.

Ekur, " mountain house " was the temple of Enlil at Nippur.

In Nippur, Ninurta was worshiped as part of a triad of deities including his father, Enlil and his mother, Ninlil.

One Mesopotamian myth has it that the goddess Inanna abandoned the former capital of Akkad following Naram-Sin's plunder of the Ekur ( temple of the god Enlil ) in Nippur.

The inscriptions from Nippur which include stamped bricks from the east stairway of the ziggurat and elsewhere describing work on the Ekur, the “ House of the Mountain ” of Enlil, four inscribed slab fragments of red-veined alabaster, a five-line agate cameo votive fragment, an engraved stone door socket, and so on, could be assigned in part to either King.

His construction activities are memorialized in building inscriptions of the Ekituš-ḫegal-tila, temple of Adad, in Babylon, on bricks from the temple of Enlil in Nippur and appear in the later king Simbar-Šipak ’ s reference to his having built the throne of Enlil for the Ekur-igigal in Nippur.