For more information on the efficiency of enzymatic catalysis, see the article on Enzymes.

Enzymes dependent on PLP focus a wide variety of chemical reactions mainly involving amino acids.

Enzymes act on the amyloid precursor protein and cut it into Aβ fragments, which then aggregate to form senile plaques characteristic of Alzheimer's patients.

Enzymes and receptors are often activated or inhibited by endogenous protein, but can be also inhibited by endogenous or exogenous small molecule inhibitors or activators with can bind to the active site or on the allosteric site.

# Enzyme activity assay: Enzymes may be tested by their highly repeating activity on a large number of substrates when loss of a substrate or the making of a product may have a measurable attribute like color or absorbance at a particular wavelength or light or chemiluminiscence or electrical / redox activity.

The Food Ingredients business supplies bio-based ingredients for food and beverage products and comprises the business segments Enablers, Cultures and Sweeteners, while the Industrial Enzymes business ( handled by daughter company Genencor ) focuses on industrial biotechnology and encompasses business segments such as Fabric and Household Care ( enzymes for laundry and dishwashing detergents ), Technical Enzymes ( enzymes for bioethanol and carbohydrate processing as well as textile treatment ), and Food and Animal Nutrition ( enzymes for bread, feed and brewing applications ).

Enzymes are quite specific in their action on a particular substance.

Enzymes destined for the mitochondrial matrix or the stroma can pass through the intermembrane space via transport through s. These are known as translocase of the outer mitochondria membrane ( TOM ) and translocase of the inner mitochondrial membrane ( TIM ) in mitochondria and translocase of the outer chloroplast membrane ( TOC ) and translocase of the inner chloroplast membrane ( TIC ) in chloroplasts.

; Enzymes, etc.

Enzymes, e. g. peptidases or artificial catalysts, are known to accelerate the hydrolysis reactions.

Enzymes function by lowering the activation energy of the transition state, thereby catalyzing the formation of an otherwise less-favorable molecular intermediate between reactants and products.

Enzymes offer an animal-friendly alternative to animal rennet.

Enzymes are employed to prepare many commodity chemicals including high-fructose corn syrup and acrylamide.

Enzymes () are biological molecules that catalyze ( i. e., increase the rates of ) chemical reactions.

Enzymes are known to catalyze about 4, 000 biochemical reactions.

Enzymes in the Golgi polymerize several of these GAGs via a xylose link onto the core protein.

In biochemistry, ligase ( from the Latin verb ligāre — " to bind " or " to glue together ") is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond, usually with accompanying hydrolysis of a small chemical group dependent to one of the larger molecules or the enzyme catalyzing the linking together of two compounds .... e. g.: Enzymes which catalyze joining of C-O, C-S, C-N etc.

Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy and will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy.

Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or signals from other cells.

Enzymes catalyze these reactions, and often require dietary minerals, vitamins, and other cofactors in order to function properly.

Enzymes of some microorganisms and plants contain nickel as an active site, which makes the metal an essential nutrient for them.

Enzymes responsible for nitrogenase action are very susceptible to destruction by oxygen.

Enzymes are usually highly specific and accelerate only one or a few chemical reactions.

Enzymes carry out most of the reactions involved in metabolism, as well as manipulating DNA in processes such as DNA replication, DNA repair, and transcription.

Enzymes at important metabolic control points may be degraded much faster than those enzymes whose activity is largely constant under all physiological conditions.

Enzymes that carry out such reactions are called proteases.

Enzymes composed of subunits with diverse functions are sometimes called holoenzymes, in which some parts may be known as regulatory subunits and the functional core is known as the catalytic subunit.

A fourth view is the transformation of emotion, as in Housman's fine phrase on the arts: they `` transform and beautify our inner nature ''.

The inner panels do not have to be weatherproof, and the choice will depend on the quality of finish desired.

In our age of Science and Angst it seems to me more brave to stay on Earth and explore inner man than to fly far from the sphere of our sorrow and explore outer space ''.

As retinal images are conceded to be an integral function of the brain it seems logical to suppose that the nerves, between the inner brain and the eyes, carry the direct drive for cooperation from the various brain centers -- rather than to theorize on the transmission of an image which is already in required location.

Casey kept his smile fixed, but some small inner disturbance was working on him as he thought again about Needham, who was eight or ten years older than the girl.

Whereas the primary meanings of the Lo Shu diagram seemed to have been based on its inner mathematical properties -- and we shall see that even its secondary meanings rested on some mathematical bases -- the urgent desire to place everything into categories of fives led to other groupings based on other numbers, until an exaggerated emphasis on mere numerology pervaded Chinese thought.

It is repeated at intervals in some rather sadly desperate word-games for insomniacs, the hospitalized, and others forced to rely on inner resources, including ( in the P's alone ) `` palindromes '', `` paraphrases '', and `` parodies ''.

It entails manifold types of meat, which are generally eaten as follows: achuras ( offal, or the cow's inner parts ), morcilla ( blood sausage ,) and sometimes also a provoleta ( a piece of provolone cheese cooked on the grill with oregano ) are eaten first.

It is an outer locative case, used just as the adessive and allative cases to denote both being on top of something and " being around the place " ( as opposed to the inner locative case, the elative, which means " from out of " or " from the inside of ").

The Arc de Triomphe ( in English: " Triumphal Arch ") honours those who fought and died for France in the French Revolutionary and the Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces.

Here, Steiner developed a concept of free will based on inner experiences, especially those that occur in the creative activity of independent thought.

In 1923, faced with differences between older members focusing on inner development and younger members eager to become active in the social transformations of the time, Steiner refounded the Society in an inclusive manner and established a School for Spiritual Science.

On occasions, he would go to the monastery on the outskirts of the desert by the Nile to visit the brethren, then return to his inner monastery.

Competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport played on a carefully marked and maintained basketball court, but less regulated variations are often played outdoors in both inner city and remote areas.

The purpose of " splitting " the inner product into a bra and a ket is that both the bra and the ket are meaningful on their own, and can be used in other contexts besides within an inner product.

with the inner product on the Hilbert space.

* Some curves that seem simple, such as the circle, cannot be described exactly by a Bézier or piecewise Bézier curve ; though a four-piece cubic Bézier curve can approximate a circle ( see Bézier spline ), with a maximum radial error of less than one part in a thousand, when each inner control point ( or offline point ) is the distance horizontally or vertically from an outer control point on a unit circle.

More generally, an n-piece cubic Bézier curve can approximate a circle, when each inner control point is the distance from an outer control point on a unit circle, where t is 360 / n degrees, and n > 2.

Inside directors represent the interests of the entity's stakeholders, and often have special knowledge of its inner workings, its financial or market position, and so on.

* An immobilized phase is a stationary phase that is immobilized on the support particles, or on the inner wall of the column tubing.