** Esen Buqa II, King of Moghulistan

Kirey and Janibek moved with a large following of nomads to the region of Zhetysu / Semirechye on the border of Moghulistan and set up new pastures there with the blessing of the Moghul Chingisid Esen Buqa, who hoped for a buffer zone of protection against the expansion of the Oirats.

In the Chagatai Khanate, Esen Buqa I ( r. 1309-1318 ) was enthroned as khan after suppressing a sudden rebellion by Ogedei's descendants and driving Chapar into exile.

He was born on 14 Feb 1483 in present day Uzbekistan, the eldest son of Amir Umar Shaykh Mirza, the son of Abū Saʿīd Mirza ( and grandson of Miran Shah, who was himself son of Timur ) and his wife Qutlugh Nigar Khanum, daughter of Younus Khan, the ruler of Moghulistan ( and great-great grandson of Abhavh Timur, the son of Esen Buqa II, who was the great-great-great grandson of Chaghatai Khan, the second born son of Genghis Khan ).

Chagatai Khan Esen Buqa I attempted to gain the support of Öz Beg Khan against Buyantu, the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire and the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, in 1313 and 1316.

But Öz Beg's vizier convinced him not to believe this and the Khan refused to help Esen Buqa.

Uvais Khan was followed by Esen Buqa ( 1428 – 1462 ), who frequently raided the Timurid Empire to the west.

Late in his reign he was contested by his brother Yunus Khan ( 1462 – 1487 ), who had raised to the khanship by the Timurids in an attempt to counter Esen Buqa.

The Chagatayid Khan Esen Buqa in 1312 sent the Yuan border garrison envoys in an attempt to convince them to adjust their position.

Esen Buqa sent tributes to Ayurbarwada in 1312 and 1313, but the Yuan court's attempts to restrict trade between the two states kept tensions high.

Esen Buqa attempted to gain the support of Ozbeg Khan without success.

Esen Buqa ordered Abishqa to be executed and decided to attack the Yuan.

After his failure, Esen Buqa warned Ozbeg Khan that the Khagan Ayurbarwada would replace him with another from the House of Jochi.

Ozbeg was suggested not to believe it by one of his vizirs and he therefore refused to help Esen Buqa.

* Esen Buqa I

He is believed to be the son of Esen Buqa.

Esen Buqa I was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate ( 1310 – c. 1318 ).

The meeting resulted in Esen Buqa being proclaimed khan.

Esen Buqa spent the bulk of his reign in conflict with two of his neighbors, the Yuan dynasty of China and the Ilkhanate of Persia.

Abishqa's testimony was never corroborated with any evidence, but Esen Buqa remained convinced of the truth of his statement.

In order to solve the shortages of pasture grounds, Esen Buqa in 1312 sent envoys in an attempt to negotiate with the border garrison commander Tughaji Jinsank in order to convince them to adjust their position.

Esen Buqa sent tribute to the Yuan court in 1312 and 1313, but Yuan attempts to restrict trade between the two states kept tensions high.

Esen Buqa attempted to gain the support of Uzbeg Khan of the Golden Horde, but without success.

Because of these events, Esen Buqa decided to attack the Yuan forces, thus breaking the peace that his father Duwa had brokered with China in 1304.

In 1449 Esen Tayisi mobilized his cavalry along the Chinese border and invaded Ming China, defeating and destroying the Ming defenses at the Great Wall and the reinforcements sent to intercept his cavalry.

Within eighteen months of his defeat of the titular Khan Toghto-Bukha, in 1453, Esen himself took the title of Great Khan of the Great Yuan ( 大元天盛可汗 ).

Their chieftain, Khara Khula attempted to follow Esen Khan in unifying the Oirat tribes to challenge the Eastern Mongols.

Although Bolkhu and his family suffered through life's darkest hours during the reign of Esen and the internal conflict of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, they were welcomed by his uncle ( brother ) Manduul Khan ( r. 1465-67 ) soon after his coronation.

After claiming the title of khan, to which only lineal descendants of Genghis Khan could claim, Esen was deposed.

Although Zhengtong was a prisoner of the Mongols, he became a good friend to both Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha ( 1416 – 1453 ) and his grand preceptor ( taishi ) Esen.

Zhu Qiyu ascended the throne in 1449 after his older brother ( the Zhengtong Emperor ) was defeated and taken prisoner by the Oirat Mongols of Esen Khan.

When the Chagatayid Khan Esen bukha heard that Kuśala was living near his realm, he came to greet him.

In 1323 when Shidebala Gegeen Khan ( Emperor Yingzong ) was assassinated by Grand Censor Tegshi and Esen Temur, the rebellious group welcomed Yesün Temür since he was mothered by Buyan Kelmish of the Khunggirad clan.

Esen three times defeated and twice captured the Moghuli ruler Uvais ( Ways Khan ) ( 1418 – 1432 ).

One Chinese tactic for dealing with the situation, provoking rivalry between Mongol leaders, failed completely as they underestimated the degree of power Esen wielded and chose " rivals " too far below him in status for the strategy to be effective, including the figurehead Khan Togtoo Bukha.

The large-scale, three-pronged invasion began in July, with Khan Togtoo-Bukha leading the easternmost force to Liaodong, the grand councillor Alag attacking Xuanfu, and Esen himself heading the troops that sacked the city of Datong in August.

Togtoo-Bukha supported the Three guards and led his own forces openly against Esen in 1451 ; but they were outnumbered by Oirat loyalists and the nominal Khan was caught and killed by eastern tribesmen as he attempted to retreat.

But on having it represented to him that by this he would incur the suspicion of having been a party to the murders, he suddenly reversed his policy, and ordered Tegshi, Esen Temur and others to be put to death.

His ransom demand rebuffed, whether because the Chinese were calling Esen's bluff, believing he would consider the emperor more valuable alive than dead even without the possibility of ransom, or because the acting emperor was content not to obtain his brother's freedom, Esen began laying siege to the city.

Esen attempted to kill the baby son of her daughter by Agbarjin ' son, Qara Qurtsaq, but she and Esen's grandmother, Samar, hid the infant prince, Batu-Mongke, who would be a direct ancestor of Dayan Khan.

Though Esen's line was related to the royal line descended from Temüjin ( Genghis Khan ) through his grandmother Samar gunji ( princess ), it was unlikely that he would have been considered eligible for election as Khan, and in any case Esen ignored the usual selection process: rather than the title of khan falling automatically to the eldest eligible male of the line, as in primogeniture, Mongol leaders were traditionally chosen by means of the kurultai, an elective monarchy system, with the members of a lineage voting to choose the title's successor from among themselves.