The eunuch official Wang Zhen, who dominated the Ming court, encouraged the 22-year-old Zhengtong Emperor to lead his own armies into battle against Esen.

In 1449 Esen Tayisi led an Oirat Mongol invasion of northern China which culminated in the capture of the Zhengtong Emperor at Tumu.

* 1449: Esen Tayisi leads an Oirat Mongol invasion of China which culminate in the capture of the Zhengtong Emperor at Battle of Tumu Fortress.

Chagatai Khan Esen Buqa I attempted to gain the support of Öz Beg Khan against Buyantu, the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire and the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, in 1313 and 1316.

Esen was born to his father, Toghon, the Choros taishi ( grand preceptor, from 太師 ) who had expanded Oirat territory substantially, with more Mongol tribes acknowledging his supremacy.

Under Esen taishi's leadership, the western Mongols and other Mongol tribes who support Togtoo-Bukha conquered the rest of Mongolia, and received the submission of the Jurchens and the Tuvans ( Uriankhais ) in Manchuria and Eastern Siberia.

In the 1430s Esen also took over control of the Mongol kingdom called Qara Del in Hami oasis on the Silk Road between the Gobi and the Takla Makan deserts ; after 1443-45 his conquest reached the northern border of Korea.

One Chinese tactic for dealing with the situation, provoking rivalry between Mongol leaders, failed completely as they underestimated the degree of power Esen wielded and chose " rivals " too far below him in status for the strategy to be effective, including the figurehead Khan Togtoo Bukha.

Though Esen's line was related to the royal line descended from Temüjin ( Genghis Khan ) through his grandmother Samar gunji ( princess ), it was unlikely that he would have been considered eligible for election as Khan, and in any case Esen ignored the usual selection process: rather than the title of khan falling automatically to the eldest eligible male of the line, as in primogeniture, Mongol leaders were traditionally chosen by means of the kurultai, an elective monarchy system, with the members of a lineage voting to choose the title's successor from among themselves.

He is best known for saving China when the Zhengtong Emperor fought the Mongol leader Esen Tayisi in 1449 and was taken prisoner at the Tumu Crisis.

The Chagatayid Hami oasis, furthermore, had paid tribute to the emperor before Esen convinced its ruler that bounty should go to the Oirat instead.

Hami was conquered, and Uzbeg Khan again rejected Esen Buqa's invitation for an alliance in 1315.

Esen had to nominally convert to Islam in order to marry the Muslim princess, but remained effectively a shamanist.

Throughout the 1440s, Esen increased both the frequency of tribute missions to China and the number of representatives sent on each mission, meaning that the Chinese were obliged to provide ever-more expensive hospitality to the Mongols, irrespective of the actual trade or tribute being negotiated, and, according to surviving Chinese accounts, the Oirat demanded more and more lucrative tribute and trade agreements further skewed in the Mongols ' favor.

Esen, for his part, was not prepared for the scale of his victory or for the capture of the Ming Emperor.

The Ming never paid a ransom for the return of the Emperor, and Esen released him four years later.

Esen himself faced growing criticism for his failure to exploit his victory over the Ming and he was assassinated six years after the battle in 1455.

In 1449 Esen Tayisi mobilized his cavalry along the Chinese border and invaded Ming China, defeating and destroying the Ming defenses at the Great Wall and the reinforcements sent to intercept his cavalry.

The Ming Emperor Zhengtong Emperor | Zhengtong who was captured by Esen Taishi

While Sino-Mongol trade did not cease entirely during the Tumu Crisis, as the incident has come to be called, Esen had not only failed to win better terms than the prior arrangements, he was forced to accept less favorable terms in return for resumption of more normal relations with the Ming Empire.

Zhu Qiyu ascended the throne in 1449 after his older brother ( the Zhengtong Emperor ) was defeated and taken prisoner by the Oirat Mongols of Esen Khan.

In 1323 when Shidebala Gegeen Khan ( Emperor Yingzong ) was assassinated by Grand Censor Tegshi and Esen Temur, the rebellious group welcomed Yesün Temür since he was mothered by Buyan Kelmish of the Khunggirad clan.

Since 1439 the Emperor Togtoo Bukha and Esen had been sending envoys to China, often numbering more than 1, 000.

In response to this inflation of numbers, the Zhengtong Emperor ( 1427 – 64 ) decreased the gifts to Esen and Togtaa-Bukha Khaan and closed border-trade with the Mongols.

In retaliation for real and perceived slights, Esen Tayisi led an Oirat invasion of northern China in 1449 which culminated in the capture of the Zhengtong Emperor at Tumu.

Esen offered the Emperor his sister in marriage, but the Emperor refused.

The Yuan Emperor Renzong, growing impatient with Esen Buqa, ordered all of the garrisons to invade the Chagatai realm.

Along its western side flows Eşen Çayi, " the Esen River ," anciently the Xanthus, Lycian Arñna, originating in the Boncuk Mountains, flowing south, and transecting the several-mile-long beach at Patara.

Soon after the Tumu incident in 1449, when the Oirat ruler Esen Taishi captured the Chinese emperor, Mongols flooded south from Northern Mongolia to Southern Mongolia.

In July 1449 Esen Tayisi ( Chinese: 也先台吉 ) of the Oirat Mongols launched a large-scale, three-pronged invasion of China with his puppet khagan Toqtaq-Buqa.

Esen sent an advance force to cut access to water from a river south of the Chinese camp.

The municipality comprises the city of Diksmuide proper and the former communes of Beerst, Esen, Kaaskerke, Keiem, Lampernisse, Leke, Nieuwkapelle, Oostkerke, Oudekapelle, Pervijze, Sint-Jacobs-Kapelle, Stuivekenskerke, Vladslo and Woumen.

Under the leadership of Esen, Chief Tayishi of the Choros tribe, the Dörben Oirat unified Mongolia for a short period.

Their chieftain, Khara Khula attempted to follow Esen Khan in unifying the Oirat tribes to challenge the Eastern Mongols.

His paternal grandmother, Sechen, was a daughter of Esen Tayshi of the Oirats.

Although Bolkhu and his family suffered through life's darkest hours during the reign of Esen and the internal conflict of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, they were welcomed by his uncle ( brother ) Manduul Khan ( r. 1465-67 ) soon after his coronation.

Kirey and Janibek moved with a large following of nomads to the region of Zhetysu / Semirechye on the border of Moghulistan and set up new pastures there with the blessing of the Moghul Chingisid Esen Buqa, who hoped for a buffer zone of protection against the expansion of the Oirats.

In the Chagatai Khanate, Esen Buqa I ( r. 1309-1318 ) was enthroned as khan after suppressing a sudden rebellion by Ogedei's descendants and driving Chapar into exile.

The chiefs of the Zunghars were of the Choros lineage and reckoned their descent from the Oirat taishis Toghoon ( d. 1438 ) and Esen ( r. 1438-54 ).

In 1988 Hellborg moved to New York and started his own band which first included keyboardist Aydin Esen and drummer Kenwood Dennard, later the Johansson Brothers, Jens on keyboards and Anders on drums.

Kyrgyz Defense Minister Esen Topoyev said there were several hundred Islamic militants and terrorist bases in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan, and 1, 500 terrorists in Paktia Province, as recently as September 2002.

The greatest ruler of the Four Oirats ( Mongolian: Дөрвөн Ойрд ) was Esen Tayisi who led the Four Oirats from 1438 to 1454, during which time he unified Mongolia ( both Inner and Outer ) under his rule.