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Excluding the scholar-officials in office, this elite social class consisted of exam candidates, examination degree-holders not yet assigned to an official post, local tutors, and retired officials.
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Excluding and social
* Excluding others from social activities ;
Excluding and assigned
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Excluding and official
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Excluding and post
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Excluding and local
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Excluding and .
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Excluding the criteria of medium, Aristotle's system distinguished four types of classical genres: tragedy, epic, comedy, and parody.
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Select Bibliographical Guides: English Drama, Excluding Shakespeare.
Excluding Santa Fe in New Mexico, settlement of northern New Spain was slow for the next 155 years.
scholar-officials and elite
Nevertheless, the Sui and Tang dynasties institutionalized and set the foundations for the civil service system and this new elite class of exam-drafted scholar-officials.
Despite the disdain for trade, commerce, and the merchant class exhibited by the highly cultured and elite exam-drafted scholar-officials, commercialism played a prominent role in Song culture and society.
Those who passed the highest level of the exam became elite scholar-officials known as jinshi, a highly esteemed socio-economic position.
scholar-officials and social
Chinese society has traditionally been divided into four social classes: scholar-officials, farmers, artisans, and merchants.
Although the scholar-officials viewed military soldiers as lower members in the hierarchic social order, a person could gain status and prestige in society by becoming a high-ranking military officer with a record of victorious battles.
Acceptable apparel for scholar-officials was rigidly defined by social ranking system.
scholar-officials and class
Due to China's enormous population growth and the body of its appointed scholar-officials being accepted in limited size ( about 20, 000 active officials during the Song period ), the larger scholarly gentry class would now take over grassroots affairs on the vast local level.
Since the next highest class was agricultural, scholar-officials retired to landed estates.
scholar-officials and candidates
In a departure from tradition, merchant families began to produce examination candidates to become scholar-officials and adopted cultural traits and practices typical of the gentry.
scholar-officials and official
A scholar-official would be frowned upon by his peers if he pursued means of profiteering outside of his official salary ; however, this did not stop many scholar-officials from managing business relations through the use of intermediary agents.
scholar-officials and local
As it turned out, these scholar-officials acquired status in their local communities, family ties, and shared values that connected them to the imperial court.
As it turned out, these scholar-officials acquired status in their local communities and in family ties, while they also shared values that connected them to the imperial court.
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