The one influence that has always been cited as having inspired Ebbinghaus was Fechner's Elements of Psychophysics, a book which he purchased second-hand in England.

This flip book was finalized based on an idea outlined by Jean-Guy Fechner, Fechner's younger brother and former Christian group The Chariot.

Fechner's epoch-making work was his Elemente der Psychophysik ( 1860 ).

Gerardus Heymans ( 17 April 1857, Ferwert – 18 February 1930, Groningen ) was a famous philosopher, psychologist, a follower of Fechner's idea of psychic monism, and from 1890 to 1927 a Professor at Groningen University.

Fechner's work was studied and extended by Charles S. Peirce, who was aided by his student Joseph Jastrow, who soon became a distinguished experimental psychologist in his own right.

In his early writings, he was strongly influenced by Hindu ideas of selfhood, by Boehme's mysticism, and by Fechner's panpsychism.

In London, in a used bookstore, he came across Gustav Fechner's book Elemente der Psychophysik ( Elements of Psychophysics ), which spurred him to conduct his famous memory experiments.

Fechner's law implies that sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity, which is impossible due to the logarithm's singularity at zero ; therefore, S. S. Stevens proposed the more mathematically plausible power-law relation of sensation to intensity in his famous 1961 paper entitled " To Honor Fechner and Repeal His Law.

Fechner's general formula for getting at the number of units in any sensation is S = c log R, where S stands for the sensation, R for the stimulus numerically estimated, and c for a constant that must be separately determined by experiment in each particular order of sensibility.

Fechner's reasoning has been criticized on the grounds that although stimuli are composite, sensations are not.

), URL = < http :// plato. stanford. edu / archives / win2011 / entries / ernst-mach /></ ref > William James also admired his work: in 1904, he wrote an admiring introduction to the English translation of Fechner's Büchlein vom Leben nach dem Tode ( Little Book of Life After Death ).

Fechner's work in aesthetics is also important.

Charles Hartshorne saw him as a predecessor on his and Alfred North Whitehead's philosophy and regretted that Fechner's philosophical work had been neglected for so long.

Fechner's position in reference to predecessors and contemporaries is not very sharply defined.

Some authors use the term to mean Weber's law, and others Fechner's law.

Fechner's law states that subjective sensation is proportional to the logarithm of the stimulus intensity.

Other sense modalities provide only mixed support for either Weber's law or Fechner's law.

Fechner's work systematised the Introspectionist approach ( psychology as the science of consciousness ), that had to contend with the Behaviorist approach in which even verbal responses are as physical as the stimuli.

Peirce and Jastrow largely confirmed Fechner's empirical findings, but not all.

In particular, a classic experiment of Peirce and Jastrow rejected Fechner's estimation of a threshold of perception of weights, as being far too high.

This new law became known as Fechner's Law, or the Weber-Fechner Law, and formed the basis of Fechner's new science of psychophysics.

The concept of labor as a special class is outmoded, and in the task confronting America as bastion of the free world, labor must learn to put the national interest first if it is itself to survive.

`` Molotov altogether rejects the line of peaceful coexistence, reducing this concept merely to the state of peace or rather, the absence of war at a given moment, and to a denial of the possibility of averting a world war.

there was no Martian concept to match it -- unless one took `` church '' and `` worship '' and `` God '' and `` congregation '' and many other words and equated them to the totality of the only world he had known during growing-waiting then forced the concept back into English in that phrase which had been rejected ( by each differently ) by Jubal, by Mahmoud, by Digby.

Abstraction in mathematics is the process of extracting the underlying essence of a mathematical concept, removing any dependence on real world objects with which it might originally have been connected, and generalizing it so that it has wider applications or matching among other abstract descriptions of equivalent phenomena.

The forms of spoken English, however, vary considerably more than in most other areas of the world where English is spoken, so a uniform concept of British English is more difficult to apply to the spoken language.

The concept of the borough has been used repeatedly ( and often differently ) throughout the English-speaking world.

Ogden's Basic, and the concept of a simplified English, gained its greatest publicity just after the Allied victory in the Second World War as a means for world peace.

Rather than the traditional format established by Dungeons & Dragons, which often involved the characters wandering randomly through caves or tunnels and fighting different types of monsters, Sandy Petersen introduced the concept of the Onion Skin: Interlocking layers of information and nested clues that lead the Player Characters from seemingly minor investigations into a missing person to discovering mind-numbingly awful, global conspiracies to destroy the world.

American media critic Herbert Schiller wrote: " The concept of cultural imperialism today best describes the sum of the processes by which a society is brought into the modern world system and how its dominating stratum is attracted, pressured, forced, and sometimes bribed into shaping social institutions to correspond to, or even promote, the values and structures of the dominating centre of the system.

This dual personality of the unseen and the seen, the spiritual and material, the eternal Christ and the corporeal Jesus manifest in flesh, continued until the Master's ascension, when the human, material concept, or Jesus, disappeared, while the spiritual self, or Christ, continues to exist in the eternal order of divine Science, taking away the sins of the world, as the Christ has always done, even before the human Jesus was incarnate to mortal eyes.

In a historical or geopolitical sense the term usually refers collectively to Christian majority countries or countries in which Christianity dominates or was a territorial phenomenon .“ Christendom is originally a medieval concept steadily to have evolved since the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the gradual rise of the Papacy more in religio-temporal implication practically during and after the reign of Charlemagne ; and the concept let itself to be lulled in the minds of the staunch believers to the archetype of a holy religious space inhabited by Christians, blessed by God, the Heavenly Father, ruled by Christ through the Church and protected by the Spirit-body of Christ ; no wonder, this concept, as included the whole of Europe and then the expanding Christian territories on earth, strengthened the roots of Romance of the greatness of Christianity in the world .”

In fact, the concept of real or original name is not as clear-cut in China as it is in the Western world.

Since many commentators view the notion of sense as identical to the notion of concept, and Frege regards senses as the linguistic representations of states of affairs in the world, it seems to follow that we may understand concepts as the manner in which we grasp the world.

They derive this concept from the observation that people seek richness, complexity, and depth within a virtual world.

Judaism and major sects of Christianity reject the view that God is entirely immanent ( although some see this as the concept of the Holy Ghost ) and within the world as a physical presence, ( although trinitarian Christians believe in the incarnation of God ).

In the Rig Veda, the belief ( or observation ) that a natural justice and harmony pervades the natural world becomes manifest in the concept of rta, which is both ' nature's way ' and the order implicit in nature.

With charity, the other concept that most defines the work and spirituality of the Order, study became the method most used by the Dominicans in working to defend the Church against the perils that hounded it, and also of enlarging its authority over larger areas of the known world.

He wrote that, because the only method by which we perceive the external world is through our senses, and that, because the senses are not infallible, we should not consider our concept of knowledge to be infallible.

Economies of scale is a practical concept that may explain real world phenomena such as patterns of international trade or the number of firms in a market.

Melanie Klein extended Freud's concept of fantasy to cover the developing child's relationship to a world of internal objects.

This new version of the game presented a more sober and serious approach to the concept of a post-nuclear world, at odds with the more light-hearted and adventurous approach taken by previous editions ; it was also the first edition of the game to include fantastical nanotechnology on a large scale.