They argued that the strong national government proposed by the Federalists was a threat to the rights of individuals and that the President would become a king.

While the Federalists advocated for a strong central government, Jeffersonians argued for strong state and local governments and a weak federal government.

It had been proposed that Congress present Eaton with a sword, but Federalists argued that he be given a gold medal.

The Federalists argued for a strong national government with a national bank and a strong economic and industry system.

While Anti-Federalists expressed concern that the clause would grant the federal government boundless power, Federalists argued that the clause would only permit execution of power already granted by the Constitution.

The Co-operative Federalists have argued that Consumers ' Co-operatives should form Co-operative Wholesale Societies and that, through such arrangements, they should undertake purchasing farms or factories.

The Federalists argued that annual elections would not afford representatives enough time to learn about their office.

The supporters of Alexander Hamilton's attempts to strengthen the national government called themselves Federalists, while those who opposed Hamilton called themselves " Republicans " ( later historians would refer to them as the Democratic-Republican party ).

His image captured the psychology of the Federalists ; Calvinists from England brought to North America ideas of religion and government, thus linking the two countries.

The followers of Alexander Hamilton, were called " Federalists "; they favored a strong central government that would support the interests of national defense, commerce and industry.

The Federalists controlled the federal government until 1801.

The Federalists left a lasting imprint as they fashioned a strong new government with a sound financial base, and ( in the person of Chief Justice John Marshall ) decisively shaped Supreme Court policies for another three decades.

In 1789 when James Madison proposed to insert the word " national " in the part of the Bill of Rights providing that " no religion shall be established by law ," Elbridge Gerry told Congress that the Antifederalists had objected to the injustice of that name because they favored a federal government, while the Federalists favored " a national one.

By 1792, a party division had emerged between Federalists led by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, who desired a stronger federal government with a leading role in the economy, and the Democratic-Republicans led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Representative James Madison of Virginia, who favored states ' rights and opposed Hamilton's economic program.

" Of the Federalists, he continued, " But this opens with a vast accession of strength from their younger recruits, who, having nothing in them of the feelings or principles of ' 76, now look to a single and splendid government of an aristocracy, founded on banking institutions, and moneyed incorporations under the guise and cloak of their favored branches of manufactures, commerce and navigation, riding and ruling over the plundered ploughman and beggared yeomanry.

Federalists fought for complete self-government and full provincial autonomy, as opposed to the centralized government that the Unitarianists and Centralists favored.

Public outcry continued, helping the Federalists regain control of the state government in 1808-09.

Federalists believed the government was sovereign because it had been established by the people, so radical protest actions, which were permissible during the American Revolution, were no longer legitimate.

Although Federalists would attempt to restrict speech critical of the government with the Alien and Sedition Acts in 1798, after the Whiskey Rebellion, says Boyd, Federalists no longer challenged the freedom of assembly and the right to petition.

The Federalists, who had advocated the Constitution, enjoyed the opportunity to put the new government into operation, while after the adoption of the Constitution, the Anti-federalists, never as well-organized, effectively ceased to exist.

However, the ideals of states ' rights and a weaker federal government were in many ways absorbed by the growth of a new party, the Republican or Democratic-Republican Party, which eventually assumed the role of loyal opposition to the Federalists.

Hamilton's Federalists ( of which Ames was one ), although they too agreed with a Republic, advocated a stronger federal government with similar powers to the British example.

Debate over the federal constitution in 1787 led to formation of the groups known as Federalists — mainly " downstaters " ( those who lived in or near New York City ) who supported a strong national government — and Antifederalists — mainly upstaters ( those who lived to the City's north and west ) who opposed large national institutions.

The most popular faction was initially the local Socialist-Revolutionary that composed the local government together with Federalists and Mensheviks.

The New Federalists called for sweeping cuts in the U. S. government, including plans to " privatize, localize, consolidate, eliminate " the Departments of Commerce, Education, Energy and Housing and Urban Development, but were largely unsuccessful in their goals.

The struggle between the Federalists ( who favored a loose confederation of provinces based on rural conservatism ) and the Unitarians ( pro-liberalism and advocates of a strong central government that would encourage European immigration ), set the tone for Argentine literature of the time.

The issue became partisan with the Federalists supporting Caramelli's and Eaton's claims that the government had rescinded its agreement to re-establish Caramelli as Tripolitan pasha.

Opposition to Federalists among Democratic-Republicans reached new heights at this time since the Democratic-Republicans had supported France.

The redistricting controversy contributed to Gerry's defeat in 1812 ( once again at the hands of Caleb Strong, whom the Federalists had brought out of retirement ).< ref > Buel, pp. 148 – 149

Adams, as a Senator, had supported the Louisiana Purchase and Jefferson's Embargo Act, actions which made him very unpopular with Massachusetts Federalists.

Madison asked Congress for a declaration of war, which was passed along sectional and party lines, with intense opposition from the Federalists and the Northeast, where the economy had suffered during Jefferson's trade embargo.

The Federalists strongly opposed the purchase, favoring close relations with Britain over closer ties to Napoleon, and were concerned that the United States had paid a large sum of money just to declare war on Spain.

In 1788, the Virginia Ratifying Convention attempted to solve the problem that Hamilton and the Federalists had identified by proposing a constitutional amendment specifying:

Presbyterians of upland North Carolina, who had immigrated just before the Revolution, and often been Tories, became Federalists.

Federalists counterattacked by claiming the Hamiltonian program had restored national prosperity, as shown in one 1792 anonymous newspaper essay:

This may have had some unintended consequences in Massachusetts, where the makeup of the delegation to the House of Representatives changed from 12 Federalists and 2 Republicans to 8 Federalists and 6 Republicans, perhaps the result of backlash on the part of the electorate.

Although the election of 1800 had given majority control of the House of Representatives to the Republicans by 103 seats to 39, the presidential election would be decided by the outgoing House, which had been elected in the Federalist landslide of 1798 and was controlled by the Federalists, 60 seats to 46.

After all, Jefferson had been the principal opponent of Federalists since 1789.

This occurred after Madison had been nominated by the Democratic-Republicans, but before the Federalists had made their nomination.

Furthermore, President Madison had adopted such Federalist policies as a national bank and protective tariffs, which would give the Federalists few issues to campaign on.

No formal Federalist nomination had been made, and it is not clear whether Howard, who was one of several Federalists who received electoral votes for Vice President, ran as a candidate for the office.

By 1798 however, he supported President John Adams and the Federalists ; he denounced passage of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions as he feared the social unrest and widespread executions that had followed the increasing radicalism of the French Revolution.

The Federalists, who had opposed the war, now proposed moving the capital to Columbia, Kentucky, a decision which Johnson opposed.

The Federalists gained a great deal of prestige and advantage from the approval of George Washington, who had chaired the Constitutional Convention.