For about a century, until the 1930s, Kater's pendulum and its various refinements remained the standard method for measuring the strength of the Earth's gravity during geodetic surveys.

For the most part, these geodetic surveyors are searching for oil, gas, or mineral deposits.

For the astronomic or geodetic instruments directed to the zenith, see Zenith camera.

For surveys, the most common approach is to follow a historical path by associating stances with the philosophers who are most strongly associated with them, for example Descartes, Locke, Kant, etc.

For years between the censuses, the NSO issues estimates made using surveys and statistical models.

For instance, several recent studies and surveys by sociologists and political scientists that utilize more complex definitional parameters have estimated the number of evangelicals in the U. S. at about 25 – 30 % of the population, or roughly between 70 and 80 million people.

For local detail surveys, tacheometers are commonly employed although the old-fashioned rectangular technique using angle prism and steel tape is still an inexpensive alternative.

For example, most surveys have substantial amounts of nonresponse.

For unknown reasons, Surveyor General Tiffin ordered the two surveys to close on the Northwest Ordinance ( Fulton ) line, rather than Harris ' line, perhaps lending implicit support to Michigan's claims over Ohio's.

For monthly calculations, national surveys or national registers from employment offices are used in conjunction with quarterly EU-LFS data.

For example, using regular surveys of households and businesses in order to quantify the degree of perception of corruption in different parts of a nation or in different government institutions may increase awareness of corruption and create pressure to combat it.

For example, household surveys conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics begin by dividing metropolitan regions into ' collection districts ', and selecting some of these collection districts ( first stage ).

For example, many technicians monitor surveys of investor sentiment.

For many years, surveys had showed the town's location as " the north bend ", and residents and Union Pacific officials agreed on that name for the town.

For high accuracy depths, usually restricted to special purpose or scientific surveys, a sensor may be lowered to observe the factors ( temperature, pressure and salinity ) used to calculate sound speed and thus determine the actual sound speed in the local water column.

For example in Indonesia surveys show that 97 % of men experience nocturnal emissions by the age of 24.

For example, deep sky galaxy surveys, such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey or the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, combine line of sight galaxy positions with red shift data to produce three dimensional maps of galaxy clustering across an estimated area over 4 billion light years wide ( a red shift radius of z > 0. 20 ); statistical tests applied to these maps confirm that isotropy applies to different viewpoints within them.

For the last twenty years they have been doing church and bible research in a deep doctoral level, not snapshots and phone surveys and publish comprehensive studies.

For example, polls or surveys that are conducted by calling a random sample of publicly available telephone numbers will not include the responses of people with unlisted telephone numbers, mobile ( cell ) phone numbers, people who are unable to answer the phone ( e. g., because they normally sleep during the time of day the survey is conducted, because they are at work, etc.

For the first time, surveys of test-takers found that more students ( 65 %) reported taking the test with the intention of continuing their education beyond high school, rather than to get better employment ( 30 %).

For example, based on research directed by William Labov ( using telephone surveys ), younger speakers in Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas exhibit the merger while speakers older than 40 typically do not.

For instance, in Canada, it is prohibited to publish the results of opinion surveys that would identify specific political parties or candidates in the final three days before a poll closes.

For time-series research, the knowledge gap hypothesis expects that “ over time, acquisition of knowledge of a heavily publicized topic will proceed at a slower rate among better educated persons than among those with less education .” Tichenor, Donohue, and Olien ( 1970 ) tested this hypothesis using public opinion surveys gathered between 1949 and 1965 measuring whether participants believed humans would reach the Moon in the foreseeable future.

For instance, experiments are ideally suited to addressing nomothetic explanations or probably cause ; surveys — population frequency descriptions, correlations studies — predictions ; ethnography — descriptions and interpretations of cultural processes ; and phenomenology — descriptions of the essence of phenomena or lived experiences.

For example, in surveys, when people are asked to estimate the percentage of people who died from various causes, most respondents would choose the causes that have been most prevalent in the media such as terrorism, and murders, and airplane accidents rather than causes such as disease and traffic accidents, which have been technically " less accessible " to the individual since they are not emphasized as heavily in the world around him / her.

For example, students earn credit as political interns at the Oregon State Capitol, across the street from campus ; study the effects of climate change at the nearby research forest ; or conduct epidemiology surveys for the local health department.

For example, antibacterial selection within whole bacterial populations for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes was demonstrated in 1943 by the Luria – Delbrück experiment.

For example, emergent bacterial strains causing tuberculosis ( TB ) that are resistant to previously effective antibacterial treatments pose many therapeutic challenges.

For the adherents of this understanding of apostolic succession grace is transmitted during episcopal consecrations ( the ordination of bishops ) by the laying on of hands of bishops previously consecrated within the apostolic succession.

For example, the Bundestag can conduct a question hour ( Fragestunde ), in which a government representative responds to a previously submitted written question from a member.

For example, the three-domain system separates Archaea and Bacteria, previously grouped into the single kingdom Monera ( bacteria ).

For example, the BBC website, which had previously been called BBC Online, took on the BBCi brand from 2001, displaying an i-bar across the top of every page, offering a category-based navigation: Categories, TV, Radio, Communicate, Where I Live, A-Z Index, and a search.

For example, the predominance of mobile phones, pagers, and PDAs has significantly altered the previously dangerous situations in which investigators traditionally might have found themselves.

For example, the Grammy Award previously used " traditional music " for folk music that is not contemporary folk music.

For live shows in 2002 and 2004, Lee and his keyboard technician used the playback capabilities of the XV-5080 to generate virtually all of Rush's keyboard sounds to date, as well as additional complex sound passages that previously required several machines at once to produce.

For example, Immanuel Kant used pure description to discuss recognition and its components and Sir Francis Bacon claimed that the simple observation of the rote recollection of a previously learned list was “ no use to the art ” of memory.

* Size / Resize the case ( For previously fired cases, primer is pressed out in this step with most die sets.

For example, in a web browser, the user could navigate to the previously viewed page by pressing the right pointing device button, moving the pointing device briefly to the left, then releasing the button.

" For example, a business person can be reasonably assured of predicting a decision where the facts of his or her case are sufficiently similar to a case decided previously.

For example, Paul Krugman wrote in December 2010 that significant, sustained government spending was necessary because indebted households were paying down debts and unable to carry the U. S. economy as they had previously: " The root of our current troubles lies in the debt American families ran up during the Bush-era housing bubble ... highly indebted Americans not only can ’ t spend the way they used to, they ’ re having to pay down the debts they ran up in the bubble years.

Several Heinlein works have been published since his death, including the aforementioned For Us, The Living as well as 1989's Grumbles from the Grave, a collection of letters between Heinlein and his editors and agent ; 1992's Tramp Royale, a travelogue of a southern hemisphere tour the Heinleins took in the 1950s ; Take Back Your Government, a how-to book about participatory democracy written in 1946 ; and a tribute volume called Requiem: Collected Works and Tributes to the Grand Master, containing some additional short works previously unpublished in book form.

For example, Friberg ( 2001 ) argues that " With growing populations of immigrants and adherents of religions not previously seen in significant numbers in North America, spiritual care must take religion and diversity seriously.

For visual effects, Ronald B. Moore, who had previously worked on TNG and Voyager, was brought in.

For those having been previously exposed, the symptoms can appear within several days after infestation.

" For Steven J. Novak, The Doors Of Perception ( and Heaven and Hell ) redefined taking mescaline ( and LSD, although Huxley had not taken it until after he had written both books ) as a mystical experience with possible psychotherapeutic benefits, where physicians had previously thought of the drug in terms of mimicking a psychotic episode, known as psychotomimetic.

For example, at the start of the 2000 election cycle Dick Cheney was a resident of Texas ; Cheney quickly changed his residency back to Wyoming, where he had previously served as a U. S. Representative, when Texas governor and Republican presidential nominee George W. Bush asked Cheney to be his vice presidential candidate.

For example, women previously had higher social status because they shared labor more equally with men.

For each new solution to be produced, a pair of " parent " solutions is selected for breeding from the pool selected previously.

For this reason, it should not be planted in areas previously occupied by its close relatives.

For example, lay one's cards on the table meaning to reveal previously unknown intentions, or to reveal a secret.