For phosphor to fiber and fiber to air surfaces, and assuming Af, we obtain Af percent.

For higher speeds, the flow will compress more significantly as it comes into contact with surfaces and slows.

For images of fractal patterns, this has been expressed by phrases such as " smoothly piling up surfaces " and " swirls upon swirls ".

For closed ( orientable or non-orientable ) surfaces with positive genus, the maximum number p of colors needed depends on the surface's Euler characteristic χ according to the formula

For example, air hoar is a deposit of hoar frost on objects above the surface, such as tree branches, plant stems, wires ; surface hoar is formed by fernlike ice crystals directly deposited on snow, ice or already frozen surfaces ; crevasse hoar consists of crystals that form in glacial crevasses where water vapour can accumulate under calm weather conditions ; depth hoar refers to cup shaped, faceted crystals formed within dry snow, beneath the surface.

For this reason spherical reference surfaces are frequently used in mapping programs.

For example once one gets to 3-dimensional surfaces, one has to deal with solid objects with knot-shaped holes, and then one needs the whole of knot theory just to classify them.

For mirrors with parabolic surfaces, parallel rays incident on the mirror produce reflected rays that converge at a common focus.

For compact space | compact 2-dimensional surfaces without boundary ( topology ) | boundary, if every loop can be continuously tightened to a point, then the surface is topologically Homeomorphism | homeomorphic to a 2-sphere ( usually just called a sphere ).

For instance, the naturally occurring citric and ascorbic acids in lemon or other citrus juice can inhibit the action of the enzyme phenolase which turns surfaces of cut apples and potatoes brown if a small amount of the juice is applied to the freshly cut produce.

For similar reasons, objects intended to avoid detection will not have inside corners or surfaces and edges perpendicular to likely detection directions, which leads to " odd " looking stealth aircraft.

For example if the light source emitted white light and the two diffuse surfaces were blue, then the resulting color of the pixel is blue.

For most points on most surfaces, different sections will have different curvatures ; the maximum and minimum values of these are called the principal curvatures.

#: For most surfaces the focal surface forms two sheets each of which is a surface and which come together at umbilical points.

For channel surfaces one sheet forms a curve and the other sheet is a surface ; For cones, cylinders, toruses and cyclides both sheets form curves.

For most uses, dilution with water is recommended for safety and to avoid damaging the surfaces being cleaned.

For this reason wormholes have been defined geometrically, as opposed to topologically, as regions of spacetime that constrain the incremental deformation of closed surfaces.

For still water, this is the difference in height between the inlet and outlet surfaces.

* For specular surfaces, such as glass or polished metal, reflectivity will be nearly zero at all angles except at the appropriate reflected angle-that is, reflected radiation will follow a different path from incident radiation for all cases other than radiation normal to the surface.

* For diffuse surfaces, such as matte white paint, reflectivity is uniform ; radiation is reflected in all angles equally or near-equally.

For surfaces with b boundary components, the equation reads χ = 2 − 2g − b.

For a long cylinder far from other surfaces, this reduces the effective area by a factor of π / 2

For example, PCC trolley brakes include a flat shoe which is clamped to the rail with an electromagnet ; the Murphy brake pinches a rotating drum, and the Ausco Lambert disc brake uses a hollow disc ( two parallel discs with a structural bridge ) with shoes that sit between the disc surfaces and expand laterally.

For the case of two colliding bodies in two-dimensions, the overall velocity of each body must be split into two perpendicular velocities: one tangent to the common normal surfaces of the colliding bodies at the point of contact, the other along the line of collision.

For every group G there is a natural group homomorphism G → Aut ( G ) whose image is the group Inn ( G ) of inner automorphisms and whose kernel is the center of G. Thus, if G has trivial center it can be embedded into its own automorphism group.

* For many embedded applications, interrupt latency will be more critical than in some general-purpose processors.

For embedded systems, the highest performance levels are often not needed or desired due to the power consumption requirements.

For many hormones, including most protein hormones, the receptor is membrane-associated and embedded in the plasma membrane at the surface of the cell.

For example, COBOL is still strong in the corporate data center, often on large mainframes ; Fortran in scientific and engineering applications ; and C in embedded applications and operating systems.

For example, rather than asserting that sentences are constructed by a rule that combines a noun phrase ( NP ) and a verb phrase ( VP ) ( e. g. the phrase structure rule S → NP VP ), in categorial grammar, such principles are embedded in the category of the head word itself.

* For development on a mobile or embedded device that supports SSH.

For example, WebDNA includes its own embedded database system.

For the Catholic Church, an institution embedded in the secular structure and its focus on property, this was a dangerous development, and in the early 14th century most of these movements were declared heretical.

For example, a multimeter which can read up to 19999 ( plus an embedded decimal point ) is said to read 4½ digits.

For example, the Gibson Robot Guitar features an embedded system for tuning the strings, but the overall purpose of the Robot Guitar is, of course, to play music.

For instance, debugging a software-( and microprocessor -) centric embedded system is different from debugging an embedded system where most of the processing is performed by peripherals ( DSP, FPGA, co-processor ).

For low-volume or prototype embedded systems, general purpose computers may be adapted by limiting the programs or by replacing the operating system with a real-time operating system.

For embedded computers, it may be impractical to support debugging on the computer itself, so analysis of a dump may take place on a different computer.

For example, it follows that any closed oriented Riemannian surface can be C < sup > 1 </ sup > isometrically embedded into an arbitrarily small ε-ball in Euclidean 3-space ( there is no such C < sup > 2 </ sup >- embedding since from the formula for the Gauss curvature an extremal point of such an embedding would have curvature ≥ ε < sup >- 2 </ sup >).

For example this interface provides a way to access the container's window's device context, thereby enabling the embedded object to draw in the container's window.

For example, the original IBM PC based on the Intel 8088 processor used many of these chips, and the prominence of IBM PC compatibles is why many of these chips are still in use today, although not as the chips themselves, but with their equivalent functionality embedded into larger VLSI chips, namely the " Southbridge " chips of modern PCs.

For example, a programmer might optimize code for time efficiency in an application for home computers ( with sizable amounts of memory ), but for code destined to be embedded in small, " memory-tight " devices, the programmer may have to accept that it will run more slowly, simply because of the restricted memory available for any potential software optimization.

For example, a word processing file might store its text in the data fork, while storing any embedded images in the same file's resource fork.

For example, when the child receives positive reinforcement or praise when she or he currently has a high self-esteem, or receives criticisms in a low-self-esteem state, it is effectively embedded in their memories.

For instance, a " live " Cyberdog web page could be embedded in a presentation program, one of the common demonstrations of OpenDoc.

For instance, if a character becomes embedded in a wall, he might be simply moved back to his last known good location.

For example, a torus embedded in