For the industry of this model, the effect of such public pressures in the past has been to hold the price well below the short-run profit-maximizing price ( given the wage rate and the level of GNP ), and even below the entry-limited price ( but not below average cost ).

For the reason just suggested, I shall assume the use of the first subtype of fully distributed cost apportionment in the following simplified example.

For medium spans, trusses or box beams are usually most economical, while in some cases, the appearance of the bridge may be more important than its cost efficiency.

For example, the Aztecs used a system in which one turkey cost one hundred cacao beans and one fresh avocado was worth three beans.

For years before, conservation efforts were halted by the enormous multi-million dollar cost of removing pollutants from the river.

For externalization ( of cost ), in the context of economics, see externality.

For practical filters, a custom design is sometimes desirable, that can offer the best tradeoff between different design criteria, which may include component count and cost, as well as filter response characteristics.

For example, if there are increasing returns to scale in some range of output levels, but the firm is so big in one or more input markets that increasing its purchases of an input drives up the input's per-unit cost, then the firm could have diseconomies of scale in that range of output levels.

For those with jobs, the buying power of their wages tumbled throughout the 1980s while the cost of basic goods, especially food, climbed precipitously.

For instance, children that attend downgraded schools can greatly benefit from homeschooling ways of learning, using the immediacy and low cost of the Internet.

For the same amount of powder, AA # 2 can produce approximately twice as many rounds, yet both powders cost the same per weight.

For shooters who would like to shoot cast bullets, aftermarket barrels are generally available for these models with conventional rifling, and the cost of the barrel can generally be recouped in ammunition savings after a few thousand rounds.

For example, pharmaceutical companies that produce, apply intellectual property rights in order to prevent other companies from manufacturing their product without the additional cost of research and development.

For small losses these latter costs may be several times the size of the expected cost of losses.

For policies that are complicated, where claims may be complex, the insured may take out a separate insurance policy add on, called loss recovery insurance, which covers the cost of a public adjuster in the case of a claim.

For a time after the weapon was adopted by Denmark they experimented with dual frontal locking lugs, but decided against it on grounds of cost and weight.

For a specific demand curve the supply " curve " would be the price / quantity combination at the point where marginal revenue equals marginal cost.

For example, most economic textbooks cost more in the United States than in " Third world countries " like Ethiopia.

For low risk births, compared with obstetricians, midwives offer lower maternity care cost, lower intervention rates, reduced mortality and morbidity as a result of fewer interventions, and fewer recovery complications.

For example, the Aztecs used a system in which one turkey cost one hundred cacao beans and one fresh avocado was worth three beans ; and all of the areas conquered by the Aztecs that grew cacao beans were ordered to pay them as a tax, or as the Aztecs called it, a " tribute ".

For producers of homogeneous goods, when demand falls, these producers have more of an incentive to maintain output and cut prices, in order to spread out the high fixed costs these producers faced ( i. e. lowering cost per unit ) and the desire to exploit efficiencies of maximum volume production.

For applications where the solution is dependent on some data, the cost must necessarily be a function of the observations, otherwise we would not be modelling anything related to the data.

For example, the pot is $ 30, and the cost of the call is $ 10.

For example: bunny hopping or strafe jumping can be used to move faster than normal, while rocket jumping enables the player to reach otherwise-inaccessible areas at the cost of some self-damage.

For example, the risk management process creates important inputs for the BCP ( assets, impact assessments, cost estimates etc .).

For, with a single exception, nothing had happened to them.

For the purposes of setting the product price, the industry behaves as a single entity.

For a single stage we may define Af where the maximization is by choice of Af.

For new galaxies to be created, Professor Bondi declares, it would only be necessary for a single hydrogen atom to be created in an area the size of your living room once every few million years.

For single factor ( one way ) ANOVA,

For general computer use access technology such as screen readers, screen magnifiers and refreshable Braille displays has been widely taken up along with standalone reading aids that integrate a scanner, optical character recognition ( OCR ) software, and speech software in a single machine.

For example, if we abbreviate by BP the claim that every set of real numbers has the property of Baire, then BP is stronger than ¬ AC, which asserts the nonexistence of any choice function on perhaps only a single set of nonempty sets.

For example, if a single photon strikes the electrons, only a single electron changes states in response to the photon.

For example, the allotropes of carbon include diamond ( where the carbon atoms are bonded together in a tetrahedral lattice arrangement ), graphite ( where the carbon atoms are bonded together in sheets of a hexagonal lattice ), graphene ( single sheets of graphite ), and fullerenes ( where the carbon atoms are bonded together in spherical, tubular, or ellipsoidal formations ).

For some applications, a single alpha channel is not sufficient: a stained-glass window, for instance, requires a separate transparency channel for each RGB channel to model the red transparency, green transparency, and blue transparency.

For example, if the numbers involved in a computation may be arbitrarily large, the time required by a single addition can no longer be assumed to be constant.

For example, if a program needs 20 hours using a single processor core, and a particular portion of 1 hour cannot be parallelized, while the remaining promising portion of 19 hours ( 95 %) can be parallelized, then regardless of how many processors we devote to a parallelized execution of this program, the minimum execution time cannot be less than that critical 1 hour.

For example if a runner on first base reached third base on a single, it would count as a steal.

For example, the three-domain system separates Archaea and Bacteria, previously grouped into the single kingdom Monera ( bacteria ).

For case of single stranded DNA / RNA units of nucleotides are used, abbreviated nt ( or knt, Mnt, Gnt ), as they are not paired.

For example, an IBM PC might have either a monochrome or a color display adapter ( using different display memory addresses and hardware ), but a single, standard, BIOS system call may be invoked to display a character at a specified position on the screen in text mode.

For a single year in 1949, the team performed in an all-yellow scheme with blue markings.

For example, if a game is played by wagering on the number that would result from the roll of one die, true odds would be 5 times the amount wagered since there is a 1 in 6 chance of any single number appearing, assuming that you get the original amount wagered back.

For example, he or she cannot veto the legislative budget, and thus Congress is sovereign over the year's single most important piece of legislation.

For example, carbon can be found as diamond, which has a tetrahedral structure around each carbon atom ; graphite, which has layers of carbon atoms with a hexagonal structure stacked on top of each other ; graphene, which is a single layer of graphite that is incredibly strong ; fullerenes, which have nearly spherical shapes ; and carbon nanotubes, which are tubes with a hexagonal structure ( even these may differ from each other in electrical properties ).

For him, celibacy is the single life, free from such distraction, not a life of saintly denial.

For F that are universal, such a p can generally be seen both as the concatenation of a program part and a data part, and as a single program for the function F.

For example up to 200, 000 different small molecules might be made in plants, although not all these will be present in the same species, or in a single cell.

For a real-valued function of a single real variable, the derivative at a point equals the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point.