Gilbert Newton Lewis ForMemRS ( October 23, 1875 – March 23, 1946 ) was an American physical chemist known for the discovery of the covalent bond ( see his Lewis dot structures and his 1916 paper " The Atom and the Molecule "), his purification of heavy water, his reformulation of chemical thermodynamics in a mathematically rigorous manner accessible to ordinary chemists, his theory of Lewis acids and bases, and his photochemical experiments.

Louis-Victor-Pierre-Raymond, 7th duc de Broglie, ForMemRS (; ; Dieppe, France, 15 August 1892 – Louveciennes, France, 19 March 1987 ) was a French physicist and a Nobel laureate in 1929.

Ivan Matveevich Vinogradov ForMemRS (; 14 September 1891 – 20 March 1983 ) ( not to be confused with Askold Ivanovich Vinogradov of the Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem ) was a Soviet mathematician, who was one of the creators of modern analytic number theory, and also a dominant figure in mathematics in the USSR.

Vilhelm Friman Koren Bjerknes ForMemRS ( in English ; 14 March 1862 – 9 April 1951 ) was a Norwegian physicist and meteorologist who did much to found the modern practice of weather forecasting.

Haldan Keffer Hartline ForMemRS ( December 22, 1903 – March 17, 1983 ) was an American physiologist who was a co-winner ( with George Wald and Ragnar Granit ) of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in analyzing the neurophysiological mechanisms of vision.

Ragnar Arthur Granit ForMemRS ( October 30, 1900, Riihimäki, Finland – March 12, 1991, Stockholm, Sweden ) was a Finnish / Swedish scientist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1967

Ulf Svante von Euler ForMemRS ( 7 February 1905 – 9 March 1983 ) was a Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist.

Antoine François Alfred Lacroix ForMemRS ( February 4, 1863 – March 12, 1948 ) was a French mineralogist and geologist.

Daniel Bovet ForMemRS ( 23 March 1907 – 8 April 1992 ) was a Swiss-born Italian pharmacologist who won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of drugs that block the actions of specific neurotransmitters.

Victor Moritz Goldschmidt ForMemRS ( Zürich, January 27, 1888 – March 20, 1947, Oslo ) was a mineralogist considered ( together with Vladimir Vernadsky ) to be the founder of modern geochemistry and crystal chemistry, developer of the Goldschmidt Classification of elements.

Henry Fairfield Osborn, Sr. ForMemRS ( August 8, 1857 – November 6, 1935 ) was an American geologist, paleontologist, and eugenicist, and the president of the American Museum of Natural History for 25 years.

Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov, ForMemRS (; – September 25, 1986 ) was a Russian / Soviet physicist and chemist.

Michael Heidelberger ForMemRS ( April 29, 1888 – June 25, 1991 ) was an American immunologist who is regarded as the father of modern immunology.

Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky ForMemRS ( or Vinogradskyi ;, ; 1 September 1856 – 25 February 1953 ) was a Ukrainian-Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle of life concept.

Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia ForMemRS ( October 25, 1883 – June 15, 1969 ) was a pioneering geologist in India and among the first Indian scientists to work in the Geological Survey of India.

Léon Charles Albert Calmette ForMemRS ( July 12, 1863 – October 29, 1933 ) was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist, and an important officer of the Pasteur Institute.

Friedrich August Ferdinand Christian Went ForMemRS ( June 18, 1863, Amsterdam — July 24, 1935, Wassenaar ) was a Dutch botanist, professor of botany and director of the Botanical Garden at the University of Utrecht.

David Hilbert, ForMemRS (; January 23, 1862 –

Konrad Zacharias Lorenz ForMemRS ( November 7, 1903 – February 27, 1989 ) was an Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist.

Konrad Emil Bloch ForMemRS ( b. January 21, 1912 – October 15, 2000 ) was a German American biochemist.

Erich Armand Arthur Joseph Hückel ForMemRS ( August 9, 1896, Berlin – February 16, 1980, Marburg ) was a German physicist and physical chemist.

Robert Sanderson Mulliken ForMemRS ( June 7, 1896 – October 31, 1986 ) was an American physicist and chemist, primarily responsible for the early development of molecular orbital theory, i. e. the elaboration of the molecular orbital method of computing the structure of molecules.

Charles Émile Picard ForMemRS (; 24 July 1856 – 11 December 1941 ) was a French mathematician.

Henri Léon Lebesgue ForMemRS (; June 28, 1875 – July 26, 1941 ) was a French mathematician most famous for his theory of integration, which was a generalization of the 17th century concept of integration — summing the area between an axis and the curve of a function defined for that axis.

Oswald Theodore Avery ForMemRS ( October 21, 1877 – February 2, 1955 ) was a Canadian-born American physician and medical researcher.

Inge Lehmann ForMemRS ( May 13, 1888 – February 21, 1993 ), was a Danish seismologist who, in 1936, argued that the Earth's core is not one single molten sphere, but that an inner core exists which has physical properties that are different from those of the outer core.

Charles Barrois ForMemRS ( 21 April 1851 – 5 November 1939 ) was a French geologist and palaeontologist.

Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer ForMemRS (; February 27, 1881 – December 2, 1966 ), usually cited as L. E. J. Brouwer but known to his friends as Bertus, was a Dutch mathematician and philosopher, a graduate of the University of Amsterdam, who worked in topology, set theory, measure theory and complex analysis.

Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl, ForMemRS (; 9 November 1885 – 8 December 1955 ) was a German mathematician and theoretical physicist.

Karl Ritter von Frisch ForMemRS ( 20 November 1886 – 12 June 1982 ) was an Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz.

Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell ForMemRS ( 6 July 1903 – 15 August 1982 ) was a Swedish scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in medicine.

Carl Ferdinand Cori ForMemRS ( December 5, 1896 – October 20, 1984 ) was a Czech biochemist and pharmacologist born in Prague ( then in Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic ) who, together with his wife Gerty Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen ( animal starch ) – a derivative of glucose – is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy.

Santiago Ramón y Cajal ForMemRS ( 1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934 ) was a Spanish pathologist, histologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel laureate.

Jacques Salomon Hadamard ForMemRS (; 8 December 1865 – 17 October 1963 ) was a French mathematician who made major contributions in number theory, complex function theory, differential geometry and partial differential equations.

Schack August Steenberg Krogh ForMemRS ( November 15, 1874 – September 13, 1949 ) was a Danish professor at the department of zoophysiology at the University of Copenhagen from 1916-1945.

Theobald Smith ForMemRS ( July 31, 1859 – December 10, 1934 ) was a pioneering epidemiologist and pathologist and is widely-considered to be America's first internationally-significant medical research scientist.

Henry Gilman ForMemRS ( May 9, 1893 ,-November 7, 1986 ) was an American organic chemist known as the father of organometallic chemistry, the field within which his most notable work was done.

Joshua Lederberg, ForMemRS ( May 23, 1925 – February 2, 2008 ) was an American molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence, and the United States space program.

Stanislao Cannizzaro, ForMemRS ( 13 July 1826 – 10 May 1910 ) was an Italian chemist.

George Evelyn Hutchinson ForMemRS ( January 30, 1903 – May 17, 1991 ) was an Anglo-American zoologist known for his studies of freshwater lakes and is the father of American limnology.

Luis Federico Leloir ForMemRS ( September 6, 1906 – December 2, 1987 ) was an Argentine doctor and biochemist who received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Erik Helge Osvald Stensiö ForMemRS ( 2 October 1891 – 11 January 1984 ) was a Swedish paleozoologist.