However, satire is used in some " serious " operas as well: Formerly, in countries such as France, operas expressed politics in code — for example, the circumstances of the title character in the opera Robert le diable referred, at its first performance, to the French king's parental conflict and its resolution.

Formerly called Tubinares and still called tubenoses in English, they are often referred to collectively as the petrels, a term that has been applied to all Procellariiformes or more commonly all the families except the albatrosses.

Because the symbol had no stated pronunciation, he was often referred to as " The Artist Formerly Known as Prince ", as well as " The Artist ".

Formerly referred to as Ichthyornis lentus, Graculavus lentus or Pedioecetes lentus, its partial left tarsometatarsus was found in the Late Cretaceous Austin Chalk near Fort McKinney, Texas.

Formerly a municipality and then a city in its own right, since 1976 George Town has been part of the municipality of Penang Island, though the area formerly governed by the city council is still commonly referred to as a city, and is also known as Tanjung (" The Cape ") in Malay, 乔治市 ( Qiáozhì Shì ) in Chinese and ஜ ோ ர ் ஜ ் டவ ு ன ் ( Georgetown ) in Tamil.

Formerly, a power referred to an instrument under seal while a letter was an instrument under hand, but today both are signed by the donor, and therefore there is no difference between the two.

Formerly, trainees were referred to as " Airman " from day one of BMT.

Formerly this term referred to five-leaved plants in general.

Formerly referred to as news bulletins, " breaking news " refers to any news of sufficient importance to warrant an interruption of regularly scheduled programming.

Formerly Louise had regularly referred to him as " the Monster ", but nevertheless made a request for a private interview with the emperor, whereon she threw herself at his feet ; though he was impressed by her grace and determination, Napoleon refused to make any concessions, writing back to his wife Empress Joséphine that Louise " is really charming and full of coquettishness toward me.

Formerly assumed to be identical with the Alexandrian grammarian and lexicographer Didymus Chalcenterus, because Ptolemy and Porphyry referred to him as Didymus ho mousikos ( the musician ), classical scholars now believe that this Didymus was a younger grammarian and musician working in Rome at the time of Nero ( Richter 2001 ).

Formerly referred to as the Crew Launch Vehicle ( CLV ), the Ares I consisted of a single Solid Rocket Booster ( SRB ) derived from the boosters used in the Space Shuttle system, connected at its upper end by an interstage support assembly to a new liquid-fueled second stage powered by an uprated Apollo-era J-2X rocket engine.

Formerly, the original side of campus was referred to as the " Stryker Campus " after its former president, Melancthon Woolsey Stryker ( or incorrectly " Striker Campus ").

Formerly most decorative items affixed to cars were referred to as " chrome ", by which phrase was actually meant steel that had undergone several plating processes to endure the temperature changes and whether that a car was subject to outdoors.

Formerly, from 1976 to 1991, this grade was divided into ranks with separate titles: sergeant ( referred to unofficially but almost universally within the USAF as " buck sergeant " or simply " buck "), a non-commissioned officer ; and senior airman, which is the equivalent of specialist, a non-supervisory rank.

Formerly known as the Checkerboard Division, which referred to its shoulder patch, in late 1944 having not yet seen battle, it was nicknamed the Battle Babies.

Because this sign has no verbal equivalent, he was often derisively referred to as " The Artist Formerly Known as Prince ".

The group, still popular and touring, now goes by " Scherrie Payne & Lynda Laurence, Formerly of the Supremes " but is still often referred to by fans and the press as the FLOS.

Formerly referred to as " borate bombers " before borate-based retardants became less desirable.

Formerly known as Jefferson County Airport or Jeffco Airport, the airport was renamed Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport on October 10, 2006 although it is sometimes referred to as Rocky Mountain Regional Airport, e. g. 2007-2012 county planning documents.

Formerly referred to as Westman Cable, it is the main cable television company for the city of Brandon, Manitoba and the surrounding towns and villages of southwestern Manitoba.

Kestrel FM local Radio on 101. 6FM ( Formerly Delta Radio, originally Wey Valley Radio ) Kestrel FM is located in Basingstoke even though it's referred to as a local station.

Formerly referred to by Intel as a Multimedia Timer, the term HPET was selected to avoid confusion with the multimedia timers software feature introduced in the MultiMedia Extensions to Windows 3. 0.

Formerly titled the W. C. Handy Awards, the International Blues Awards are presented by the Blues Foundation ( headquartered in Memphis ) for Blues music achievement, with weeklong competitions and an awards banquet including a night of performance and celebration.

Formerly known as Foundation Year ( F )

* Frances Hesselbein Leadership Institute Formerly the Peter F. Drucker Foundation for Nonprofit Management

Formerly the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation, Inc., the National September 11 Memorial & Museum was formed as a 501 ( c )( 3 ) non-profit corporation to raise funds and manage the planning and construction of the memorial.

Formerly, Ferguson was a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard University, serving as President during 2008-2009, an elected member of the Board of Directors of the Harvard Alumni Association, a Trustee of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the National Bureau of Economic Research and the New America Foundation.

Formerly Chief of the Cardiology Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland for over 30 years, became Director of Vascular Biology Research at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation at the Washington Hospital Center in Washington, D. C. in 1998.

The St. Louise De Marillac School ( Formerly Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion ) a Catholic school run by the Daughters of Charity religious congregation, Saint Bonaventure Academy of Butag, the Southern Luzon Institute-Kenerino Ramirez Asuncion Memorial School ( SLI-KRAMS ) were the oldest school in Bulan, Solis Institute of Technology, and A. G. Villaroya Technological Foundation Institute.

Formerly Chairman, The American Ditchley Foundation.

Formerly Secretary of the Cabinet and formerly Chairman, The Ditchley Foundation.

Formerly owned by the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation and used primarily for farming, cattle ranching, and as a private hunting retreat, the island remained undeveloped until the early 1990s when the newly constructed I-526 expressway was completed.

Formerly the home of the late crime writer Agatha Christie, this has stunning views across the river, and the house and gardens are now owned by the National Trust and are open to the public.

* Formerly Trustee of the Rhodes Trust

Formerly named the Bernt Carlsson Trust, One World Action was founded by Glenys Kinnock on December 21, 1989 – exactly one year after UN Commissioner for Namibia, Bernt Carlsson, was killed in the Pan Am Flight 103 crash.

Formerly, passage of the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam coupled with graduation with any bachelor's degree or equivalent experience, satisfied the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office's technical requirements for sitting for its registration examination to become either a registered patent attorney or patent agent.

Formerly, WMVT did not have a digital equivalent, and the station's channel slot was used to broadcast a full-quality HDTV signal of WMVS, due to the limitations of the VHF Channel 8 signal within the area.

Formerly an advocate of Altaic ( 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001 ), now a critic of it.

* Duff, Michael J. M-Theory ( the Theory Formerly Known as Strings ), International Journal of Modern Physics A, 11 ( 1996 ) 5623 – 5642, online at Cornell University's arXiv ePrint server.

Formerly, the peerage bestowed was usually an earldom ( which was always hereditary ), with Churchill offered a dukedom.

Formerly little more than a gap in the customs wall, it was replaced by a much grander affair consisting of two matching Doric-style stone gate-houses, like little temples ( a nod to Friedrich Gilly perhaps ), facing each other across Leipziger Straße.

The Time Warner merger was almost derailed when Paramount Communications ( Formerly Gulf + Western, later sold to Viacom ), launched a $ 12. 2 billion dollar hostile takeover bid for Time Inc., forcing Time to acquire Warner for $ 14. 9 billion dollar cash / stock offer.

Weeklies in the city include the Midlands Business Journal ( weekly business publication ), American Classifieds ( Formerly Thrifty Nickel ), a weekly classified newspaper, The Reader ( newspaper ), and Omaha Magazine, as well as The Omaha Star.

Formerly a taxonomic group of basidiomycetes, now understood as polyphyletic assemblage of basidiomycetes, the term refers to fungi with fruit bodies whose hymenophore develops either not enclosed or only so with a veil ( velum ), which is called a gymnocarpic or hemiangiocarpic ontogeny, respectively.

* Avid ( Formerly Digidesign ), TDM Digital Audio Workstation and Plug-in Architecture

Formerly self-styled as the " World's Greatest Newspaper " ( for which WGN radio and television are named ), it remains the most read daily newspaper of the Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region and is currently the eighth largest newspaper in the United States by circulation ( and became the second largest under Tribune's ownership after the Chicago Tribune's parent company purchased the Los Angeles Times ).

Formerly there were more chapels of various Methodist sects ( Wesleyans, Bible Christians ), for example at Trenale and Trewarmett: the Methodist Cemetery is at Trewarmett.

Formerly there were sixteen: 1 ( Marshall ), 2 ( Shelton Laurel ), 3 ( Bull Creek ), 4 ( Middle Fork of Ivy ), 5 ( West Fork of Ivy ), 6 ( Sandy Mush ), 7 ( Little Pine Creek ), 8 ( Spring Creek ), 9 ( Hot Springs ), 10 ( Big Laurel ), 11 ( Upper Laurel ), 12 ( Big Pine Creek ), 13 ( Meadow Fork of Spring Creek ), 14 ( Grapevine ), 15 ( Mars Hill ), and 16 ( Foster Creek ).