Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions, such as in separating chemical compounds by their boiling point by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the compound will vaporize.

Fractional distillation is one of the unit operations of chemical engineering.

Image 4: Simplified chemical engineering schematic of Continuous Fractional Distillation tower separating one feed mixture stream into four distillate and one bottoms fractions

Fractional freezing is a process used in process engineering and chemistry to separate two liquids with different melting points.

* Fractional crystallization ( chemistry ), a process to separate different solutes from a solution

Many parts of the township carry names inspired by the village's name, including the three high schools of Thornton Township District 205: Thornton Township High School in Harvey, Illinois ; Thornwood High School in South Holland, Illinois ; Thornridge High School in Dolton, Illinois ; Thornton Fractional South High School in Lansing, Illinois ; Thornton Fractional North High School in Calumet City, Illinois and Thornton Fractional Center for Academics and Technology also in Calumet City, Illinois.

* Fractional exchange statistics of quasiparticles: Bertrand Halperin conjectured, and Daniel Arovas, J. R. Schrieffer, and Frank Wilczek demonstrated, that the fractionally charged quasiparticle excitations of the Laughlin states are anyons with fractional statistical angle ; the wave function acquires phase factor of ( together with an Aharonov-Bohm phase factor ) when identical quasiparticles are exchanged in a counterclockwise sense.

* Fractional cascading, a data structuring technique for speeding up binary searches

Fractional bandwidth or Ratio bandwidth, usually used for wideband antennas, is defined as and is typically presented in the form of.

Fractional bandwidth is used for wideband antennas because of the compression of the percent bandwidth that occurs mathematically with percent bandwidths above 100 %, which corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 3: 1.

:; Fractional flow reserve ( FFRmyo ): Testing of the flow through a stenosis of a coronary artery to determine the perfusion of the heart.

Fractional distillation was developed by Tadeo Alderotti in the 13th century.

Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension, which built on earlier work by Lewis Fry Richardson.

Fractional crystallisation serves to reduce a melt in iron, magnesium, titanium, calcium and sodium, and enrich the melt in potassium and silicon-alkali feldspar ( rich in potassium ) and quartz ( SiO < sub > 2 </ sub >), are two of the defining constituents of granite.

In addition, there is an 8 x 8-bit multiply ( A x B ), with full 16-bit result, and Fractional / Integer 16-bit by 16-bit Divide instructions.

Systems using non-obvious approaches might be able to blind the radars in a sneak attack ; the Soviets developed the R-36 with a system called Fractional Orbital Bombardment System to allow attacks on US missile fields from low altitudes and / or from the south, while the US relied on manned bombers for the same role.

Fractional crystallization models would be produced to test the hypothesis that they share a common parental melt.

Fractional reserve lending depended on low demand to redeem the paper currency.

Fractional reserve lending amounted to the issuance of multiple demand receipts for the same amount of gold and silver held by the banks.

* Fractional urine – Urine that a person collects for a certain period of time during 24 hours ; usually from breakfast to lunch, from lunch to dinner, from dinner to bedtime, and from bedtime to rising.

Fractional odds are also known as British odds, UK odds or in that country, traditional odds.

Fractional odds of 4 / 1 would be quoted as + 400, while fractional odds of 1 / 4 cannot be quoted as a positive figure.

Fractional odds of 1 / 4 would be quoted as-400, while fractional odds of 4 / 1 cannot be quoted as a negative figure.

( Legal boundaries of Frankfort are: Government Lots 2, 3, and 4 of Section 21 ; the Southeast Quarter of the Northeast Quarter of Section 21 ; the South Half of the North Half of Section 22 ; Government Lots 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Section 27 ; and the Northwest Fractional Quarter of Section 28 of Township No. 26 North of Range No. 16 West.

It may also use such techniques as dynamic Fractional cascading or any other similar runtime device based on collected actual runtime metrics.

Fractional distillation in a laboratory makes use of common laboratory glassware and apparatuses, typically including a Bunsen burner, a round-bottomed flask and a condenser, as well as the single-purpose fractionating column.

Fractional distillation A conical flask is used as a receiving flask.

Fractional distillation is the most common form of separation technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing and cryogenic air separation plants.

Fractional distillation is also used in air separation, producing liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and highly concentrated argon.

Fractional calculus is a branch of mathematical analysis that studies the possibility of taking real number powers or complex number powers of the differentiation operator.

" As opposed to a system which favored men over women, “ complementarity shaped Mixtec and Zapotec gender roles.

Integral gender complementarity argues that men and women are each integral, whole beings unto themselves whose result when put together is greater than the sum of their parts.

John Paul II had begun his theologically-based affirmation of integral gender complementarity in his Wednesday audiences between 1979 and 1984, in what is now compiled as the Theology of the Body.

Philosophical developments in the concept of integral gender complementarity were popularized in the early 20th century by two students of Edmund Husserl: Dietrich von Hildebrand and Edith Stein.

Latour suggests that about 90 % of contemporary social criticism in academia displays one of two approaches which he terms “ the fact position and the fairy position .” ( p. 237 ) The fact position is anti-fetishist, arguing that “ objects of belief ” ( e. g., religion, arts ) are merely concepts onto which power is projected ; the “ fairy position ” argues that individuals are dominated, often covertly and without their awareness, by external forces ( e. g., economics, gender ).

Jackson ( 2000 ) argues that Hurston's meditation on abjection, waste, and the construction of class and gender identities among poor whites reflects the eugenics discourses of the 1920s.

In Eros and Kabbalah, Moshe Idel ( Professor of Jewish Mysticism, Hebrew University in Jerusalem ) argues that the fundamental distinction between the rational-philosophic strain of Judaism and mystical Judaism, as exemplified by the Zohar, is the mystical belief that the Godhead is complex, rather than simple, and that divinity is dynamic and incorporates gender, having both male and female dimensions.

Historian and theorist Bryan Palmer argues that gender studies current reliance on post-structuralism — with its reification of discourse and avoidance of the structures of oppression and struggles of resistance — obscures the origins, meanings, and consequences of historical events and processes, and he seeks to counter the current gender studies with an argument for the necessity to analyze lived experience and the structures of subordination and power.

Butler's central thesis argues that gender identity does not oppose sexual biology but, on the contrary, performs the possibility of something otherwise than male or female.

Johnson argues for the inclusion of more female employees in microcredit institutions, and gender awareness training for existing staff.

Amartya Sen argues that " the systematically inferior position of women inside and outside the household in many societies points to the necessity of treating gender as a force of its own in development analysis.

For example, Lourdes Benería argues that economic development in the Global South depends in large part on improved reproductive rights, gender equitable laws on ownership and inheritance, and policies that are sensitive to the proportion of women in the informal economy.

Proponents hold that concept begins with the premise that when an unmarried woman becomes pregnant, she has the option of abortion, adoption, or parenthood ; and argues, in the context of legally recognized gender equality, that in the earliest stages of pregnancy the putative ( alleged ) father should have the same human rights to relinquish all future parental rights and financial responsibility — leaving the informed mother with the same three options.

Singer applies the same logic to animals: for example, animals cannot comprehend a political candidate's platform then express a preference for one of the candidates ( just as men cannot bear children ), thus in democratic society, the only species that should have the right to vote is a species that has an ability to vote effectively ( and even then, the children of that species, who are similar to animals in their inability to comprehend the differences between political candidates, are not given the right to vote, just as animals aren't -- yet this is no reason to deprive children and animals of other types of rights such as the right not to be molested or wantonly killed, as Singer argues ); this is not the same as speciesism or ageism or ( as in the example regarding the right to give birth ) genderism, it is a mere concession to reality and the characteristics possessed by each species ( or gender, or adults versus children ).

Peter Jackson argues that AIDS in the 1980s brought about a shift of perception in Thailand regarding kathoeys, " placing homosexuality rather than gender at the focus of the concept ", which was associated with " a shift in Buddhist attitudes from relative tolerance of homosexuality to condemnation.

Dr. Dana Heller, professor of English at the Old Dominion University, argues that the film stages the conflict between Solanas and Warhol as less the result of gender politics – particularly because Solanas intended no connection between her writing and the shooting – than of the decline of print culture as represented by Solanas and the rise of new non-writing media as embodied by Warhol and the Pop art movement.

One of the most widely accepted theories of face perception argues that understanding faces involves several stages: from basic perceptual manipulations on the sensory information to derive details about the person ( such as age, gender or attractiveness ), to being able to recall meaningful details such as their name and any relevant past experiences of the individual.

* In a gender studies text, Jowett includes a section on the character, and argues the character is " masculinized by her roles as professor, scientist and leader "

Strauss argues that the ESV uses similar gender-inclusive language, and wrote, " What is odd and ironic is that some of the strongest attacks against the gender language of the TNIV are coming from those who produced similar gender changes in the ESV ".

It argues that gender equality is Islamic and that religious literature has been misread and misappropriated by misogynists.

She argues that the limited acceptance of variation in gender roles does great harm to individual expression.

The report also argues that this global gender pay gap is not due to lack of training or expertise on the part of women since " the pay gap in the European Union member states increases with age, years of service and education ".

She argues that if donor countries and developing countries together focused on seven " priority areas ": increasing girl ’ s completion of secondary school, guarantying sexual and reproductive health rights, improving infrastructure to ease women ’ s and girl ’ s time burdens, guaranteeing women ’ s property rights, reducing gender inequalities in employment, increasing seats held by women in government, and combating violence against women, great progress could be made towards the MDGs.

In connection with gender theory, " Tannen argues that men and women would both benefit from learning to use the others ' style.

Wacquant notes that underclass status is imposed on urban blacks from outside and above them ( e. g., by journalists, politicians, and academics ), stating that “ underclass ” is a derogatory and " negative label that nobody claims or invokes except to pin it on to others .” And, although the underclass concepts is homogenizing, Wacquant argues that underclass imagery differentiates on gender lines, with the underclass male being depicted as a violent “ gang banger ,” a physical threat to public safety, and the underclass female being generalized as “ welfare mother ” ( also see welfare queen ), a “ moral assault on American values .”