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Francia had a particular dislike of foreigners, and the recently pre-independence settled Spanish had to intermarry with either the old colonists or the Guarani, to create a single Paraguayan people.
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Francia and had
He believed, as did other kings in ninth-century England and Francia, that God had entrusted him with the spiritual as well as physical welfare of his people.
Later, after he had been crowned King of East Francia, Arnulf turned his old territory of Carinthia into the March of Carinthia, a part of the Duchy of Bavaria.
Arnulf, having distinguished himself in the war against the Slavs was elected by the nobles of the realm ( only the eastern realm, though Charles had ruled the whole of the Frankish lands ) and assumed his title of King of East Francia.
Viking activity in Britain increased in 865 when the Great Heathen Army, probably a part of the forces which had been active in Francia, landed in East Anglia.
The " land of Francia ," from which France gets its name, had high points of expansion under kings Clovis I and Charlemagne.
Paraguay declared its independence from Spain in 1811 ; since then, the country has had a history of dictatorial governments, from the Utopian regime of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia ( El Supremo ) to the suicidal reign of Francisco Solano López, who nearly devastated the country in warfare against the combined forces of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay from 1865 through 1870.
A devotee of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, a keen reader of Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and the French Encyclopedists, Francia had the largest library in Asunción.
In an indirect act of revenge against people who had discriminated against him because of his supposed " impure blood ", Francia forbade Europeans from marrying other Europeans, thus forcing the elite to choose spouses from among the local population.
In 1820, four years after a Paraguayan congress had named Francia dictator for life with the title El Supremo Dictador ( supreme dictator ), Francia's security system uncovered and quickly crushed a plot by the elite to assassinate El Supremo.
In 1821, Francia struck again, summoning all of Paraguay's 300 or so peninsulares ( people born in Spain ) to Asunción's main square, where he accused them of treason, had them arrested, and held them in jail for 18 months.
Francia had pictured himself as the first citizen of a revolutionary state, whereas López used the all-powerful state bequeathed by the proverbially honest Francia to enrich himself and his family.
López's educational development plans progressed with difficulty, however, because Francia had purged the country of the educated elite, which included teachers.
Like Francia, López had the overriding aim of defending and preserving Paraguay.
He allowed Paraguayans no more freedom to oppose the government than they had had under Francia.
About 776 his brother Arichis had been carried as a prisoner to Francia, and when five years later the Frankish king visited Rome, Paul successfully wrote to him on behalf of the captive.
Gregory was also asked by emperor Louis ’ s representative, Amalarius of Metz, to provide an Antiphonary for use at church services at Metz, to which Gregory was forced to admit that he had none suitable for the emperor, as he had already given a number to Wala of Corbie, which he had already taken to Francia.
He also helped with the rebuilding of Nonantola Abbey, which had suffered attacks from the Magyars, and finally he granted privileges to various monasteries and churches in West and East Francia.
In 789, Beorhtric married Eadburh, a daughter of Offa ; the Chronicle records that the two kings combined to exile Egbert to Francia for " three years ", adding that " Beorhtric helped Offa because he had his daughter as his queen ".
Louis the German, also a candidate for the succession of Louis II, revenged himself by invading and devastating Charles ' dominions, and Charles had to return hastily to Francia.
Francia and particular
The geography and number of subkingdoms varied over time, but the particular term Francia came generally to refer to just one regnum, that of Austrasia, centred on the Rhine and Meuse rivers in northern Europe ; even so, sometimes the term was used as well to encompass Neustria north of the Loire and west of the Seine.
Of particular note, in the Plaza Francia facing the cemetery is an enormous rubber tree ; its huge tentacle-like lower branches cast shade over La Biela's popular terrace.
Francia and foreigners
Francia deliberately misled foreigners into thinking that the army was over 5, 000 strong, when in fact it rarely exceeded 2, 000.
Francia and recently
He then re-married, and his second wife, according to Kentish tradition recorded in the legend of Saint Mildrith, was a woman named Ymme of Frankish royal blood, though recently it has been suggested that she may have instead been the daughter of Erchinoald, mayor of the palace in Neustria, the western part of Francia.
At this time, Bonington started taking lessons from the painter François Louis Thomas Francia, who – having recently returned from England where he had been deeply influenced by the work of Thomas Girtin – taught him the English watercolour technique.
Francia and settled
Eventually, the singular use of the name Francia shifted towards Paris, and settled on the region of the Seine basin surrounding Paris, which still today bears the name Île-de-France, and which region gave its name to the entire Kingdom of France.
Francia and Spanish
* 1811 – Paraguay: Pedro Juan Caballero, Fulgencio Yegros and José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia start actions to depose the Spanish governor
The delegates rejected a proposal for Paraguayan attendance at a constitutional congress at Buenos Aires and established a Paraguayan republic, the first in Spanish America, with Francia as first consul.
Three years after Paraguay overthrew Spanish authority and gained its independence, the country's economy was controlled by the autarchic policies of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia ( 1814 – 40 ), who closed the young nation's borders to virtually all international trade.
The tribe was named Luiseño by the Spanish due to their proximity to the Mission San Luís Rey de Francia (" The Mission of Saint Louis King of France ," known as the " King of the Missions "), which was founded on June 13, 1798 by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, in what was the First Military District in what now is Oceanside, California, in northern San Diego County.
The Spanish missionaries under Father Junipero Serra founded Mission San Luis Rey de Francia on a former site of a Luiseño Indian village on the banks of the San Luis Rey River.
He received at baptism the name Joseph Gaspar de Franza y Velasco, but later used the more popular name Rodriguez, and changed Franza to the Spanish Francia.
On August 21, 1885, La Union Spanish Military Governor Federico Francia proposed a review of the petition to redefine the border limits of Aringay.
The tribe was named Luiseño by the Spanish due to their proximity to the Mission San Luís Rey de Francia ( The Mission of Saint Louis King of France.
Francia and intermarry
During the reign of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, the first consul of Paraguay from 1811 to 1840, he imposed a law that no Spaniard may intermarry, and that they may only wed blacks, mulattoes or Indians.
Francia and with
Trying to identify a contemporary vernacular term and the associated nation with a classical name, Latin writers from the 10th century onwards used the learned adjective teutonicus ( originally derived from the Teutones ) to refer to East Francia (" Regnum Teutonicum ") and its inhabitants.
The Carolingian imperial crown was initially disputed among the Carolingian rulers of Western Francia and Eastern Francia, with first the western king ( Charles the Bald ) and then the eastern ( Charles the Fat ) attaining the prize.
Just after independence was achieved, Paraguay was governed from 1814 by the dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, who closed the borders of the country and prohibited trade or any relation with the exterior until his death in 1840.
This identification would agree well with the later location of the Jutes in Kent, since the area just opposite of Kent on the European mainland ( present-day Flanders ) was part of Francia.
Funerary evidence indicates that the pagan practice of cremation ceased relatively early and jewellery recovered from graves has affinities with Rhenish styles from the Continent, perhaps suggesting close commercial connections with Francia.
Litograph of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, a 19th century ruler of Paraguay, with a mate ( beverage ) | mate and its respective bombilla.
Frugal, honest, competent, and diligent, Francia was popular with the lower classes.
Probably the only man in Paraguay with the necessary diplomatic, financial, and administrative skills, Francia built his power base on his organizational abilities and his forceful personality.
Francia was supposed to trade places every four months with the second consul, Fulgencio Yegros, but Francia's consulship marked the beginning of his direct rule because Yegros was little more than a figurehead.
An extremely frugal and honest man, Francia left the state treasury with at least twice as much money in it as when he took office, including 36, 500 pesos of his unspent salary, the equivalent of several years ' salary.
This move, however, resulted in no special favors for the Brazilians from Francia, who was also on good, if limited, terms with Juan Manuel Rosas, the Argentine governor.
Despite his " isolationist " policies, Francia conducted a profitable but closely supervised import-export trade with both countries to obtain key foreign goods, particularly armaments.
In 782, Charlemagne abolished the system of Gaue and replaced it with the Grafschaftsverfassung, the system of counties typical of Francia.
On the division of the Carolingian Empire at the Treaty of Verdun the part of the province to the east of the river fell to East Francia, while that to the west remained with the kingdom of Lotharingia.
This developed into the Treaty of Verdun, concluded in August 843, by which Louis received the bulk of the lands lying east of the Rhine ( Eastern Francia ), together with a district around Speyer, Worms, and Mainz, on the left bank of the river.
In 853 and the following years, Louis made more than one attempt to secure the throne of Western Francia, which, according to the Annals of Fulda ( Annales Fuldenses ), the people of that country offered him in their disgust with the cruel misrule of Charles the Bald.
Charles the Bald ( 13 June 823 – 6 October 877 ), Holy Roman Emperor ( 875 – 877, as Charles II ) and King of West Francia ( 840 – 877, as Charles II, with the borders of his land defined by the Treaty of Verdun, 843 ), was the youngest son of the Emperor Louis the Pious by his second wife Judith.
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