* November 5 – Fred Lawrence Whipple, American astronomer ( d. 2004 )

* August 30 – Fred Lawrence Whipple, American astronomer ( b. 1906 )

Giotto provided the first evidence in support of Fred Whipple's " dirty snowball " hypothesis for comet construction ; Whipple postulated that comets are icy objects warmed by the Sun as they approach the inner Solar System, causing ices on their surfaces to sublimate ( change directly from a solid to a gas ), and jets of volatile material to burst outward, creating the coma.

The spacecraft was derived from the GEOS research satellite built by British Aerospace, and modified with the addition of a dust shield as proposed by Fred Whipple which comprised a thin ( 1 mm ) aluminium sheet separated by a space and a thicker Kevlar sheet.

Comets can produce debris by water vapor drag, as demonstrated by Fred Whipple in 1951, and by breakup.

Fred Whipple was intrigued by this and wrote a paper that demonstrated that particles of this size were too small to maintain their velocity when they encountered the upper atmosphere.

His works from the 1950s and ' 60s are regarded as classics of popular science and include The Conquest of Space 1949 ( with Chesley Bonestell ), The Conquest of the Moon ( with Wernher von Braun and Fred Whipple, 1953 ), and Beyond the Solar System ( 1964 ).

It also operates telescopes at two additional important observatories: Kitt Peak National Observatory ( KPNO ) and Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins.

Fred Lawrence Whipple ( November 5, 1906 – August 30, 2004 ) was an American astronomer, who worked at the Harvard College Observatory for over 70 years.

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# redirect Fred Lawrence Whipple

Mystery Incorporated ( 2010 ), in the episode " The Siren's Song ", Fred and Daphne come across a statue of Scrappy in the Crystal Cove Haunted Museum among the statues of their defeated foes.

* In the cartoon Scooby-Doo, Where Are You ?, Mystery Inc. often used a Rube Goldberg trap designed by Fred to capture the villain of the episode, for such things as throwing a net.

There, Fred meets a Mystery Man ( Robert Blake ), wearing all black clothing who looks like the face Fred had seen on Renée some nights before, and he tells Fred that he is at his house right now.

Fred phones his house and the voice of the Mystery Man answers at the house while he's standing right in front of Fred.

Fred walks away and asks Andy who the Mystery Man is and is told that he is a friend of Dick Laurent, a millionaire.

Shortly after arriving, Fred is plagued by frequent headaches and is perplexed by strange visions of the Mystery Man, a burning cabin in the desert, and a strange man driving down a dark highway.

Pete suddenly transforms back into Fred Madison, who searches the desert cabin and meets the Mystery Man again with a video camera and tells Fred that Alice is actually Renee, and that if she said her name is Alice, then she is lying.

The Mystery Man suddenly appears with a portable TV and shows Mr. Eddy that Fred knows he and Renee have been having an affair.

The Mystery Man then shoots Mr. Eddy dead and whispers something to Fred.

The Mystery Man disappears and Fred drives off in Mr. Eddy's Mercedes.

And he starts talking to this young guy who says strange things to him, similar to what The Mystery Man says to Fred Madison.

Hanna-Barbera Productions, CBS executive Fred Silverman, and some of the show's writers have said that this story is false, and that the show was actually based on the radio program I Love a Mystery and the TV sitcom The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis.

Fisher appeared in the fantasy comedy film Drop Dead Fred in 1991, and played a therapist in Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery ( 1997 ).

They initially proposed to Fred Dannay the notion of a sister publication for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine.

Mystery Incorporated credits that feature Marcy hugging a photo of Velma in place of Daphne hugging a photo of Fred ( during those episodes where Marcy has temporarily replaced Daphne in the gang ).

The Mystery Begins, Robbie Amell portrays Fred as a brunette rather than a blond.

Mystery Incorporated, Daphne is in love with Fred and in the episode " Dead Justice " they have their first date, kiss, and Fred asks her to marry him.

* Fred Jones: The leader of the Mystery, Inc. gang who is the master of making traps to catch the villains.

The Mystery, Inc. gang, which includes Scooby-Doo, Shaggy, Fred, Daphne and Velma, travel to a New England town called Oakhaven after being invited by horror writer Ben Ravencroft.