Indonesia alleged that Fretilin was communist, and feared that an independent East Timor would influence separatism in the archipelago.

By late 1975 the Fretilin faction had gained control of Portuguese Timor and Gusmão was released from prison.

On 28 November 1975, Fretilin declared the independence of Portuguese Timor as " The Democratic Republic of East Timor ", and Gusmão was responsible for filming the ceremony.

Elections were held in late 2001 and Gusmão, endorsed by nine parties but not by Fretilin, ran as an independent and was comfortably elected leader.

It also had some support in the small Muslim minority, although Marí Alkatiri, a Muslim, was a prominent Fretilin leader, and became Prime Minister in 2002.

Suharto's " New Order ", which had effectively eliminated Indonesia's Communist Party PKI in 1965, was alarmed by what it saw as the increasingly left-leaning Fretilin, and by the prospect of a small independent leftist state in the midst of the archipelago inspriring separatism in parts of the sourrounding archipelago.

He was urged by Fretilin to return and resume the decolonisation process, but he insisted that he was awaiting instructions from the government in Lisbon, now increasingly uninterested.

Fretilin's Francisco Xavier do Amaral became the first President, while Fretilin leader Nicolau dos Reis Lobato was Prime Minister.

In spite of accusations by the Suharto regime that East Timor's independence movement, Fretilin, was communist, many of its leaders had trained to be priests, and their philosophy probably owed more to the Catholic liberation theology of Latin America than to Marxism.

A founder of the Frente Revolucionaria de Timor Leste Independente ( Fretilin ), Amaral was sworn in as the first President of East Timor when the country, then a Portuguese colony, made a unilateral declaration of independence on 28 November 1975.

His tenure in the presidency last only 10 days before he was forced to flee into the mountainous interior with the Fretilin due to the Indonesian invasion of the country of the country on 7 December 1975.

Amaral was ousted from Fretilin and imprisoned by the party's Marxist faction in 1977 amid disagreements over strategy for opposing the Indonesian occupation.

He was abandoned in August 1978 when his Fretilin captors were ambushed, and was promptly arrested by the Indonesian Army.

This alliance later broke up among accusations that Fretilin was not exercising control over its more extreme members, although by this time, UDT leaders like Francisco Lopes da Cruz had held meetings with BAKIN, the Indonesian military intelligence, which had signalled Jakarta's misgivings about an independent state under Fretilin control.

* 1975 – East Timor: Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a coup by the Timorese Democratic Union ( UDT ) and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.

Indonesian military intelligence influenced the break-up of the alliance between Fretilin and UDT, which led to a coup by the UDT on 11 August 1975, and a month-long civil war.

The current orthography originates from the spelling reforms undertaken by Fretilin in 1974, when it launched literacy campaigns across East Timor, and also from the system used by the Catholic Church when it adopted Tetum as its liturgical language during the Indonesian occupation.

Ties with the Fretilin of East Timor ( occupied by Indonesia in 1975 ) were exceptionally strong and remain so after that country's independence ; both POLISARIO and Fretilin have argued that there are numerous historical parallels between the two conflicts.

His brother, João, however, led the UDT in exile in Portugal and Australia, later joining with Fretilin in a national unity movement called the Conselho Nacional de Resistência Maubere ( CNRM or National Council of Maubere Resistance ), later called the Conselho Nacional de Resistência Timorense ( CNRT or National Council of Timorese Resistance ).

It later changed its name to Frente Revolucionária de Timor-Leste Independente ( Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or Fretilin ).

It originally advocated continued links with Portugal, using the Tetum slogan Mate bandera hum meaning ' In the shadow of the Portuguese flag ', but later formed an alliance with the more left-wing Frente Revolucionaria de Timor Leste Independente ( Fretilin ) to work towards independence in January 1975.

** Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese East Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a UDT coup and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.

A civil war between supporters of East Timorese political parties, Fretilin and the UDT, broke out in 1975 as UDT attempted a coup which Fretilin resisted with the help of local Portuguese military.

While Fretilin had sought the return of the Portuguese Governor, pointedly flying the Portuguese flag from government offices, the deteriorating situation meant that it had to make an appeal to the world for international support, independently of Portugal.

On 28 November 1975, Fretilin made a unilateral declaration of independence of the Democratic Republic of East Timor ( Republica Democrática de Timor-Leste in Portuguese ).

Easily the most famous East Timorese author is Xanana Gusmão, the leader of the Timorese resistance organization Fretilin, and now the Prime Minister of independent East Timor.

In the elections held in 1975, Fretilin, a left-leaning party and UDT, aligned with the local elite, emerged as the largest parties, having previously formed an alliance to campaign for independence from Portugal.

Senior members of the Fretilin party met on 25 June to discuss Alkatiri's future as the Prime Minister, amidst a protest involving thousands of people calling for Alkatiri to resign instead of Gusmão.

In local elections on 13 March 1975, Fretilin and UDT emerged as the largest parties, having previously formed an alliance to campaign for independence.

The coalition between Fretilin and UDT later broke up.

On 11 August 1975, the UDT mounted a coup, in a bid to halt the increasing popularity of Fretilin.

Falintil, the military wing of Fretilin, fought a guerrilla war with marked success in the first few years but weakened considerably thereafter.

A majority of Fretilin party members demanded the prime minister's resignation, accusing him of lying about distributing weapons to civilians.

The success of his children's books was to become a source of considerable annoyance to Milne, whose self-avowed aim was to write whatever he pleased and who had, until then, found a ready audience for each change of direction: he had freed pre-war Punch from its ponderous facetiousness ; he had made a considerable reputation as a playwright ( like his idol J. M. Barrie ) on both sides of the Atlantic ; he had produced a witty piece of detective writing in The Red House Mystery ( although this was severely criticised by Raymond Chandler for the implausibility of its plot ).

The novelist Raymond Chandler criticised her in his essay, " The Simple Art of Murder ", and the American literary critic Edmund Wilson was dismissive of Christie and the detective fiction genre generally in his New Yorker essay, " Who Cares Who Killed Roger Ackroyd?

She was not empowered to inflict punishment, and when she complained about their behaviour received no support, but was criticised for not being capable.

The study was subsequently heavily criticised for its non-random sample and its use of statistics and also its lack of consistency with astrology.

Although he himself was a blues purist, Korner criticised better-known British blues musicians during the blues boom of the late 1960s for their blind adherence to Chicago blues, as if the music came in no other form.

Lord Sydney, often criticised as an ineffectual incompetent, had made one fundamental decision about the settlement that was to influence it from the start.

The process was also criticised as cumbersome and slow, the initial deregulation having been announced in 2004, and taking no less than three years to come to fruition through delays in legislation and regulation.

Montgomery was criticised for not counter-attacking the retreating forces immediately, but he felt strongly that his methodical build-up of British forces was not yet ready.

Since that time, no consensus had yet been reached, and Disraeli was criticised for mixing up details over the different " schedules " of income.

The Government had apparently given preferential treatment to Chinese companies, and was again criticised for the apparent preferential treatment to the BOCHK.

Lauded as a hero by the Neapolitan court, Nelson was later to dabble in Neapolitan politics and become the Duke of Bronté, actions for which he was criticised by his superiors and his reputation suffered.

The channel was criticised at launch for its style of presentation, with accusations of it being less authoritative than the BBC One news bulletins, with presenters appearing onscreen without jackets.

This was criticised more harshly than may otherwise have been the case as Major had frequently pushed his Back To Basics agenda ( see above ), which was taken by the media as a form of moral absolutism.

The government was cleared of wrongdoing, while the BBC was strongly criticised by the subsequent inquiry, leading to the resignation of the BBC's chairman and director-general.

The Great Court, opened in 2000, while undoubtedly improving circulation around the museum, was criticised for having a lack of exhibition space at a time when the museum was in serious financial difficulties and many galleries were closed to the public.

The Widgery Tribunal, held in the immediate aftermath of the event, largely cleared the soldiers and British authorities of blame — Widgery described the soldiers ' shooting as " bordering on the reckless "— but was criticised as a " whitewash ", including by Jonathan Powell.

In an early " good-will " gesture that was later heavily criticised, the Attlee government allowed the Soviets access, under the terms of a 1946 UK-USSR Trade Agreement, to several Rolls-Royce Nene jet engines.