The philosophy of Bernard Stiegler draws upon and modifies the work of Gilbert Simondon on individuation, as well as similar ideas in Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud.

He draws on ideas from Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx to demonstrate that, essentially, we must consider pictures to be living things.

Sándor Ferenczi ( 7 July 1873, Miskolc, Austria-Hungary – 22 May 1933, Budapest, Hungary ) was a Hungarian psychoanalyst, a key theorist of the psychoanalytic school and a close associate of Sigmund Freud.

When Freud fled Vienna for London after the Anschluss, Trotter became his personal physician, and Wilfred Bion and Ernest Jones became key members of the Freudian psychoanalysis movement in England, and would develop the field of Group Dynamics, largely associated with the Tavistock Institute where many of Freud's followers worked.

It was also used by Sigmund Freud as a key concept in his psychoanalysis.

Prof. Claude Cernuschi ( see Boston College Matta exhibition external link below ) writes, " Matta's key ambition to represent and evoke the human psyche in visual form was filtered through the writings of Freud and the psychoanalytic view of the mind as a three-dimensional space: the ' inscape '.

With respect to ' the final paragraph, in which Jensen has Hanold asking Zoë to walk ahead of him and she complies with a smile, Freud put, " Erotic ... foot interest "'... By walking ahead of him in imitation of " Gradiva " on the plaque, she finds the key to his therapy '.

In 1910, they traveled to Europe to study psychiatry under Sigmund Freud in Vienna ; Sadler was an early adopter of Freudian psychoanalysis, and believed that experiences individuals have as infants play a key role in their minds as adults, although he did not accept many of Freud's ideas about sexuality or religion.

In 2008 Elisabeth Murdoch and Matthew Freud moved into Burford Priory in Oxfordshire, where they are key members of the Chipping Norton set.

Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud stated that other minds are not known, but only inferred to exist, he stated " consciousness makes each of us aware only of his own states of mind, that other people, too, possess a consciousness is an inference which we draw by analogy from their observable utterances and actions, in order to make this behavior of theirs intelligible to us.

There is a haunting resemblance between the notion of cause in Copernicus and in Freud.

Sigmund Freud described this as the result of a struggle between the ego and the superego-parental imprinting.

While Freud did not distinguish between an " individual psychology " and a " collective psychology ," Jung distinguished the collective unconscious from the personal subconscious particular to each human being.

" In 1906, he published Studies in Word Association and later sent a copy of this book to Sigmund Freud, after which a close friendship between these two men followed for some six years ( see section on Relationship with Freud ).

In 1912 Jung published Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido ( known in English as Psychology of the Unconscious ) resulting in a theoretical divergence between him and Freud and consequently a break in their friendship, each stating that the other was unable to admit he could possibly be wrong.

The two men met for the first time the following year, and Jung recalled the discussion between himself and Freud as interminable.

While Jung worked on his Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido ( Psychology of the Unconscious ), tensions grew between Freud and Jung, mostly due to their disagreements over the nature of libido and religion.

He identified a discrepancy between early and later Freudian theory: namely that prior to World War I, Freud described human drives as a tension between desire and repression, but after the war's conclusion, he framed human drives as a struggle between biologically-universal Life and Death ( Eros and Thanatos ) instincts.

Fromm charged Freud and his followers with never acknowledging the contradictions between the two theories.

Eventually, following a series of exchange lectures between the Vienna and London societies, which Jones arranged with Anna Freud, Freud and Jones resumed their usual cordial exchanges.

With the arrival in Britain of refugee German and Viennese analysts in the 1930s, including Anna Freud herself in 1938, the hostility between the orthodox Freudians and Kleinians in the British Society grew more intense.

The major undertaking of his final years was his monumental account of Freud ’ s life and work, published to widespread acclaim in three volumes between 1953 and 1957.

Sexual Science and Self-Narrative: epistemology and narrative technologies of the self between Krafft-Ebing and Freud, History of the Human Sciences, 23 ( 5 ), 2010

At the same time, Freud concedes that as the ego " attempts to mediate between id and reality, it is often obliged to cloak the Ucs.

The relationship between Freud and Breuer was a mix of admiration and competition, based on the fact that they were working together on the Anna O. case and must balance two different ideas as to her diagnosis and treatment.

Freud gave evidence to the fact that in the pregenital phase children do not distinguish between genders or sexes: they assume both parents have the same genitalia and the same reproductive powers.

Picturing Children: Constructions of Childhood between Rousseau and Freud.

Further shows have included taking part in the exhibition Eight Figurative Painters, held at the Yale Center for British Art in New Haven, USA, in 1981, alongside Michael Andrews, Francis Bacon, William Coldstream, Lucian Freud, Patrick George, Leon Kossoff and Euan Uglow ; and a retrospective exhibition at the Kunstverein, Hamburg, in 1986, comprising paintings and drawings made between 1977 and 1985 originally shown at the 42nd Venice Biennale also in 1986.

Joseph Wood Krutch makes a connection between Hedda Gabler and Freud, whose first work on psychoanalysis was published almost a decade later.

According to hotor's case: Refining his analysis a decade later, Freud stressed that while childhood sexuality involved a wide and unfocused range of perverse activities, by contrast with adult perversion there was ' an important difference between them.

Where internal controversy did arise in the liberal consensus was about the exact relation of variations to normal development-some considering in the wake of Freud that ' these different sexual orientations can best be explained and understood by comparison with normal development ', and highlighting the fear of intimacy in perversion as ' a kind of sex ... which is hedged about with special conditions ... puts a vast distance between the partners '.

* Sigmund Freud: Psychosexual development

Julie M. Thompson, a feminist author, connects misandry with envy of men, in particular " penis envy ," a term coined by Sigmund Freud in 1908, in his theory of female sexual development.

Freud proposed five psychosexual stages of personality development.

One of Sigmund Freud's earlier associates, Alfred Adler, did agree with Freud that early childhood experiences are important to development, and believed birth order may influence personality development.

Anna Freud opposed any such equivalence proposing an educative intervention with the child until an appropriate level of ego development was reached at the Oedipal stage.

The physical and rational certainties depicted by the 19th-century Enlightenment were shattered not only by new discoveries of relativity by Einstein and of unseen psychology by Freud, but also by unprecedented technological development.

The research and ideas behind the study on Anna O. was highly referenced in Freud ’ s lectures on the origin and development of psychoanalysis.

In 1905, Sigmund Freud presented his theory of psychosexual development in Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality.

His early development was influenced by his contacts with Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler, although he would later diverge from their teachings.

In the early 1890s Freud published a series of articles on hysteria which popularized Charcot's earlier work and began the development of his own views of hysteria.

According to Freud, the consequence of not obeying our conscience is guilt, which can be a factor in the development of neurosis ; Freud claimed that both the cultural and individual super-ego set up strict ideal demands with regard to the moral aspects of certain decisions, disobedience to which provokes a ' fear of conscience '.

A few years later, in " A Child is Being Beaten " ( 1919 ), Freud laid greater stress on the fact that perversions ' go through a process of development, that they represent an end-product and not an initial manifestation ... that the sexual aberrations of childhood, as well as those of mature life, are ramifications of the same complex ' - the Oedipus complex.

In 1905, Sigmund Freud described " Sadism " and " Masochism " in his Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie (" Three papers on Sexual Theory ") as stemming from aberrant psychological development from early childhood.

' Her views on child development, which she expounded in 1927 in her first book, An Introduction to the Technique of Child Analysis, clashed with those of Melanie Klein ... was departing from the developmental schedule that Freud, and his analyst daughter, found most plausible '.

Selma Fraiberg's tribute of 1959 that ' The writings of Anna Freud on ego psychology and her studies in early child development have illuminated the world of childhood for workers in the most varied professions and have been for me my introduction and most valuable guide spoke at that time for most of psychoanalysis outside the Kleinian heartland.

# In line with the nurture side of the previous debate is Sigmund Freud ’ s term for sexual disposition and gratification in the first five years of a child ’ s development: the polymorphous perverse.

Until Sigmund Freud published his Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality in 1905, children were often regarded as asexual, having no sexuality until later development.

Sigmund Freud in his 1905 work Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality outlined a theory of psycho-sexual development with five distinct phases: the oral stage ( 0 – 1. 5 years ), the anal stage ( 1. 5 – 3. 5 years ), the phallic stage ( 3. 5 – 6 years ) which culminates in the resolution of the Oedipus conflict, The Latency Phase ( 6 – 12 years of age ), and the genital ( or adult ) stage.

* Anal stage, a term used by Sigmund Freud to describe the development during the second year of life, in which a child's pleasure and conflict centers are in the anal area

Erikson's greatest innovation was to postulate not five stages of development, as Sigmund Freud had done with his psychosexual stages, but eight.