Outlying Islands, a Fringe First winning play by Scottish dramatist David Greig, is a fictionalised account of two British scientists ' visit to an island in Scotland where the government plans to test anthrax inspired by the story of Gruinard.

Many of the members of Monty Python recall being inspired by Beyond the Fringe.

Ayckbourn joined Wolfit on tour to the Edinburgh Festival Fringe as an acting assistant stage manager ( meaning a role that involved both acting and stage management ) for three weeks, with his first role on the professional stage being various parts in The Strong are Lonely by Fritz Hochwälder .< ref name = acting >

The International Festival has since been overtaken in both size and popularity by the Edinburgh Fringe.

Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead is an absurdist, existentialist tragicomedy by Tom Stoppard, first staged at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1966.

The expanded version under the current title was first staged at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe on August 24, 1966, by the Oxford Theatre Group.

A stage adaptation was announced for the 2009 Edinburgh Festival Fringe, and was directed by Andrew Steggall.

Beyond the Fringe was a British comedy stage revue written and performed by Peter Cook, Dudley Moore, Alan Bennett, and Jonathan Miller.

Since Beyond the Fringe was not owned by the BBC, however, the quartet enjoyed relative carte blanche.

All four original members of Beyond the Fringe feature prominently in the play Pete and Dud: Come Again, by Chris Bartlett and Nick Awde.

* Good Evening, a play about the Beyond The Fringe team by English playwright Roy Smiles, was staged in South Africa in 2009 and broadcast on Radio 4 in 2010.

In the UK, it moved to stage performances by Cambridge Footlights, such as Beyond the Fringe and A Clump of Plinths ( which evolved into Cambridge Circus ), to radio, with such shows as It's That Man Again and I'm Sorry, I'll Read That Again, then to television, with such shows as Monty Python's Flying Circus and Not the Nine O ' Clock News.

* In 2010, an adaptation by Pip Utton was staged at The Pleasance as part of the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.

' Apples ', ' Spring Awakening ', ' Almost Nothing to do with Frogs ' and ' Flames Over New Jersey ; were all shows performed at the Underbelly during the 2012 Fringe by current and old Etonians, with the latter 2 productions written and directed by boys from the school.

A Musical Comedy, written by Michael Johnson and Mary Davenport was performed at the 2007 New York International Fringe Festival in the Lucille Lortel Theatre.

During his premiership in the early 1960s Macmillan was savagely satirised for his alleged decrepitude by the comedian Peter Cook in the stage review Beyond the Fringe.

His delivery, and Britten's compositional style, were mercilessly ( and accurately ) satirised by Dudley Moore in Beyond the Fringe ( Little Miss Muffet ).

In August 1960 Bennett, along with Dudley Moore, Jonathan Miller and Peter Cook, achieved instant fame by appearing at the Edinburgh Festival in the satirical revue Beyond the Fringe.

Along with the other members of Beyond the Fringe, Bennett is portrayed in the play Pete and Dud: Come Again, by Chris Bartlett and Nick Awde.

In his autobiography Fringe Benefits, writer Donough O ' Brien says that the original was written in August 1939 by his father, Toby O ' Brien, as British propaganda.

In 2001, Debbie Does Dallas: The Musical was created by Susan L. Schwartz for the New York International Fringe Festival.

It hosts national and international performances and is used by the Dublin International Theatre Festival, the Dublin Dance Festival, and The Fringe Festival, among others.

More recently, he guest starred as a shape-shifter on Fringe in season 3 and as a divorced father who murders his son on the final season of The Closer.

He still performs today in much the same manner, and has regularly attended the Edinburgh Fringe comedy festival since 1977, and still compering the long-running Hackney Empire New Act of the Year competition final.

In October 2007, a fifth album, The Official Edinburgh Bootleg 2007 ( swiftly dubbed " The Brown Album " because of its mock brown paper cover art ), recorded on the final night of his show at the Edinburgh Fringe, was made available exclusively to those who attended his Autumn 2007 tour.

The proliferation of online websites setting themselves up as critics of the Arts is allegedly causing concern, particularly at events such as the Edinburgh Fringe festival, where reviewers are often untrained, have no visible code of conduct, and are possibly using the opportunity to practice writing rather than fulfil a morally acceptable and informative role.

The Fringe mostly attracts events from the performing arts, particularly theatre and comedy, although dance and music also figure significantly.

The Fringe is a showcase for the performing arts, particularly theatre and comedy ( which has seen substantial growth in recent years ), although dance and music are also represented.

A frequent criticism, well-aired in the media over the last 20 years, has been that " stand-up comedy is taking over " the Fringe, that a large proportion of newer audiences are drawn almost exclusively to stand-up comics ( particularly to television comedy stars in famous venues ), and that they are starting to regard non-comedy events as " peripheral ".

There are a growing number of awards for Fringe shows, particularly in the field of drama:

The Acting Studio was particularly prolific under the tutelage of Craig Snelling, from 1993 – 2005, during which at least a dozen theatre companies were formed which went on to produce plays in various theatres at London Fringe venues.

In the television show Fringe, the character Walter Bishop ( portrayed by John Noble ) sings a partial verse from " Vanamburgh's Menagerie ," though the lyrics have been slightly altered from those of the original, perhaps due to modernization or the character's faulty memory.

In our music, " Lunatic Fringe ," for example, there are parts implied that we thought should be transposed from keyboard to orchestral instruments, and then in other areas we gave George ( Blondheim ) carte blanche and said, ' Do what you want, add some creative input '.

" In the Company of De Sade ," is a play based on " Philosophy in the Bedroom " by Maryland playwright, Amanda Gunther, which premiered at the 2012 Capital Fringe in Washington, DC to favorable reviews.

Chute also speaks out publicly about class issues in America and publishes " The Fringe ," a monthly collection of in-depth political journalism, short stories, and intellectual commentary on current events.

* Rollye James, pro-libertarian, government skeptic, self-professed " Magic Bullet Denier on the Lunatic Fringe ," endorsing Discount Gold & Silver Trading ( whose own show on WWCR misrepresents graded coins as having appreciated more than non-graded coins ).

At Edinburgh 2012 he reprised his 2002 show Talking Cock at the Udderbelly and did a second run of his Edinburgh Fringe Podcasts at Stand 1 with guests including Janet Ellis, Sarah Millican and Mick Foley.

During late 2000 and early 2001, Lee " gradually, incrementally and without any fanfare – or even much thought – gave up being a stand-up comedian ", and 2001 became the first year since 1987 that he did not perform at the Edinburgh Fringe.

The Fringe did not benefit from any official organization until 1951, when students of the University of Edinburgh set up a drop-in centre in the YMCA, where cheap food and a bed for the night were made available to participating groups.

After graduating from university, the duo did two-man shows at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival and some sketch writing, including a series of Big Train and also for Armstrong and Miller's eponymous show.

* Acton is a setting in " The Cure " an episode of the TV series Fringe, however the actual filming was not done in Acton.