From around 1840 to 1860, laissez-faire advocates of the Manchester School and writers in The Economist were confident that their early victories would lead to a period of expanding economic and personal liberty and world peace but would face reversals as government intervention and activity continued to expand from the 1850s.

From 1870 the clipper trade increasingly focused on trade and the carrying of immigrants between England and Australia and New Zealand, a trade that had begun earlier with the Australian Gold Rush in the 1850s.

From the 1850s until his death, Kekule was one of the most prominent chemists in Europe, especially in theoretical chemistry.

From the 1850s, the Parsi theatre tradition in India transformed Hamlet into folk performances, with dozens of songs added.

From the 1850s to the late 20th century the Clyde Puffer, made famous by the Vital Spark, was the workhorse of the islands, carrying all kinds of produce and products to and from the islands.

From the late 1850s onwards, the Whigs became the Liberals ; the Tories became the Conservatives.

From the 1850s onwards, the pace of colonization shifted to a significantly higher gear.

From the 1850s it was piped underground and is now one of London's many underground rivers.

From the 1840s until the 1850s, Bellevue prospered.

From the 1850s to the 1950s, Perinton's history was primarily Fairport's history.

From the 1850s to the 1900s, Westbury's population and ethnic diversity began to rise as many people of Irish, Italian and Polish origins continued to settle.

From the early 1850s until the 1880s, Mountain City was a sprawling community on the old Stagecoach Road that served as an important hub in the ranching and farming industries of the newly formed Hays County.

From the 1850s, Lyttelton and then Christchurch outgrew Akaroa, which has developed into a holiday resort and retained many French influences as well as many of its nineteenth-century buildings.

" From the 1850s on, Corot painted many landscape souvenirs and paysages, dreamy imagined paintings of remembered locations from earlier visits painted with lightly and loosely dabbed strokes.

From the late 1850s, navies began to replace their fleets of wooden ships-of-the-line with armoured ironclad warships.

From the 1850s the RIC performed a range of civil and local government duties together with their policing, integrating the constables with their local communities.

From Petitions to Partyism: Antislavery and the Domestication of Maine Politics in the 1840s and 1850s.

From 1845, when the first Anglican church was built on the site of the present Community Centre on Stephen Street, by Edmund Blacket, a number of churches were established, including St Joseph's Roman Catholic Church in the 1850s, the Methodist Church on King Street, now Newtown Mission, and the Baptist Church in Church Street.

From the 1850s, the sailing ships of the line were replaced by steam-powered battleships, while the sailing frigates were replaced by steam-powered cruisers.

From roughly the 1850s to first decade of the 20th century, the neighborhood has the third largest urban population of Germans outside of Vienna and Berlin, known as Klein Deutschland (" Little Germany ").

From the 1850s coal supplanted iron as the industrial foundation of South Wales, as the Cynon Valley and Rhondda Valley were mined.

From the late 1850s through 1893 the United Kingdom recognized the Maya free state as a de facto independent nation, even sponsoring treaty negotiations between the Spanish Yucateco state and the Maya Crusoob state.

From the 1850s, mechanics ' institutes quickly spread throughout Victoria wherever a hall, library or school was needed.

From the town's depression in the 1850s there began a process of recovery.

From the time of the Spanish colonies there has existed a type of sorbet made from fallen hail or snow.

From the 1960s, pieds-noirs ( French citizens living in the north African colonies ), immigrants chiefly from the Maghreb, and continental French people also contributed to the increase.

From the first days of the expansion of the British colonies from the coast of North America into the heartland of the continent, a recurring problem was that of transportation between the coastal ports and the interior.

From the time beginning with the incorporation of the Portuguese Empire in 1580 ( lost in 1640 ) until the loss of its American colonies in the 19th century, Spain maintained the largest empire in the world even though it suffered fluctuating military and economic fortunes from the 1640s.

From the oldest and most famous of the Greek colonies the fertile coastal plain took the name of Cyrenaica.

From about 1600 the English, French and Dutch began to find colonies in the North American mainland and the smaller islands of the West Indies.

From 1958 to 1962, Barbados was one of the ten members of the West Indies Federation, an organisation doomed by nationalistic attitudes and by the fact that its members, as British colonies, held limited legislative power.

From 1800 until 1885, Barbados then served as the main seat of Government for the former British colonies of the Windward Islands.

From Nice many sought further shelter in the French colonies, Morocco and North and South America.

From the 21st Century BC through to the late 18th Century BC, Assyria controlled colonies in Anatolia, and the Hurrians, like the Hattians, adopted the Assyrian Akkadian cuneiform script for their own language about 2000 BCE.

From the beginning of Virginia's settlements in 1587 until the 1680s, the main source of labor and a large portion of the immigrants were indentured servants looking for new life in the overseas colonies.

From 1617 to 1793 tobacco was the most valuable staple export from the English American mainland colonies and the United States.

From June 1960 until March 1961 he contributed a weekly strip, “ Brimstone Belcher ”, following the exploits of the titular journo ( a fore-runner of Private Eye ’ s Lunchtime O ’ Booze ), from bizarre skulduggery in the British colonies ( where the squaddies holding back the politicised rabble bear a strong resemblance to privates Rushton and Ingrams ), travelogues through the USA, and the hazards of by-electioneering as the independent candidate for the constituency of Gumboot North.

From about 750 BC the Greeks began 250 years of expansion, settling colonies in all directions.

From 1689 to 1803, although in peace time the Mutiny Act was occasionally suffered to expire, a statutory power was given to the crown to make Articles of War to operate in the colonies and elsewhere beyond the seas in the same manner as those made by prerogative operated in time of war.

From around the 6th century BCE, cults to the Anatolian mother-goddess were introduced from Phrygia into the ethnically Greek colonies of western Anatolia, mainland Greece, the Aegean islands and the westerly colonies of Magna Graecia.

From then on, the House of Windsor became the royal house of multiple countries, a number that shifted over the decades, as some Dominions became republics and Crown colonies became realms, republics or monarchies under a different sovereign.

From colonial times Portuguese Brazilians have favoured assimilation and tolerance for other peoples, and intermarriage was more acceptable in Brazil than in most other European colonies.

From 1696 to 1700, only about 250 separate items were issued from the major printing presses in the American colonies.

From the very start of European settlement convicts were used as indentured labourers in five out of the six colonies.

From 1982 to 1984, the average year-round movement of 15 black-footed ferrets between white-tailed prairie dog colonies was 1. 6 miles / night ( 2. 5 km ) ( with a spread of 1. 1 miles or 1. 7 km ).

From the 1620s until the American Revolution, the British colonies in North America received transported British criminals.

From 1758 Pitt began despatching expeditions around the world to seize French colonies.