The Arch of Galerius and the Rotunda with its minaret, c. 299-303 CE

Valerius Romulus, also Marcus Aurelius Romulus ( c. 292 / 295 – 309 ) was the son of the Caesar and later usurper Maxentius and of Valeria Maximilla, daughter of Emperor Galerius.

* Marcus Galerius Aurelius Antoninus ( died before 138 ); his sepulchral inscription has been found at the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.

A further massive transfer of Bastarnae was carried out by emperor Diocletian ( ruled 284-305 ) after he and his colleague Galerius defeated a coalition of Bastarnae and Carpi in 299.

Diocletian delegated further on 1 March 293, appointing Galerius and Constantius as Caesars, junior co-emperors.

Galerius, aided by Diocletian, campaigned successfully against Sassanid Persia, the Empire's traditional enemy.

In the spring of 293, in either Philippopolis ( Plovdiv, Bulgaria ) or Sirmium, Diocletian would do the same for Galerius, husband to Diocletian's daughter Valeria, and perhaps Diocletian's praetorian prefect.

Galerius was assigned Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and responsibility for the eastern borderlands.

The senior co-Emperors formally adopted Galerius and Constantius as sons in 293.

Galerius and Constantius would become Augusti after Diocletian and Maximian's departure.

Afterwards, during 299 and 302, as Diocletian was then residing in the East, it was Galerius ' turn to campaign victoriously on the Danube.

Galerius, meanwhile, was engaged during 291 – 293 in disputes in Upper Egypt, where he suppressed a regional uprising.

Diocletian's attempts to bring the Egyptian tax system in line with Imperial standards stirred discontent, and a revolt swept the region after Galerius ' departure.

He met up with Galerius in Mesopotamia.

In a public ceremony at Antioch, the official version of events was clear: Galerius was responsible for the defeat ; Diocletian was not.

Diocletian publicly humiliated Galerius, forcing him to walk for a mile at the head of the Imperial caravan, still clad in the purple robes of the Emperor.

Galerius was reinforced, probably in the spring of 298, by a new contingent collected from the Empire's Danubian holdings.

Narseh did not advance from Armenia and Mesopotamia, leaving Galerius to lead the offensive in 298 with an attack on northern Mesopotamia via Armenia.

Narseh retreated to Armenia to fight Galerius ' force, to Narseh's disadvantage ; the rugged Armenian terrain was favorable to Roman infantry, but unfavorable to Sassanid cavalry.

In two battles, Galerius won major victories over Narseh.

Galerius continued moving down the Tigris, and took the Persian capital Ctesiphon before returning to Roman territory along the Euphrates.

Narseh sent an ambassador to Galerius to plead for the return of his wives and children in the course of the war, but Galerius had dismissed him.

Diocletian and Galerius ' magister memoriae ( secretary ) Sicorius Probus were sent to Narseh to present terms.

At the conclusion of the peace, Diocletian and Galerius returned to Syrian Antioch.

Diocletian was conservative in matters of religion, a man faithful to the traditional Roman pantheon and understanding of demands for religious purification, but Eusebius, Lactantius and Constantine state that it was Galerius, not Diocletian, who was the prime supporter of the purge, and its greatest beneficiary.

Galerius, even more devoted and passionate than Diocletian, saw political advantage in the politics of persecution.

Compendium extract: Diocletian to the Death of Galerius: 284 – 311

* 293 – Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Galerius as Caesar to Diocletian, beginning the period of four rulers known as the Tetrarchy.

* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor emeritus Diocletian confers with Galerius, Augustus of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to restore order to the Roman Empire.

:: Illyricum Galerius ( 293 – 305 )

:: Illyricum Galerius ( 305 – 306 )

:: Illyricum Galerius ( 306 – 307 )

:: Illyricum Galerius ( 307 – 311 )

69 ), perhaps the granddaughter of Gaius Galerius ( ca 15 BC – aft.

* February 24 – Galerius publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Empire.

* March 1 – Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars.

* May 5 – Emperor Galerius declares on his deathbed religious freedom and issues his Edict of Toleration, ending persecution of Christians in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.

* May 5 – Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus, Roman emperor

Galerius was born in Serdica, though some modern scholars consider the strategic site where he later built his palace named after his mother – Felix Romuliana ( Gamzigrad ) – his birth and funeral place.

Three Roman Emperors were born in the municipality of Zaječar ; Galerius ( r. 293 – 311 ), Maximinus ( r. 305 – 312 ) and Licinius ( r. 308 – 324 ).

* 311 – The Edict of Toleration by Galerius was issued in 311 by the Roman Tetrarchy of Galerius, Constantine and Licinius, officially ending the Diocletian persecution of Christianity.

* 293 – Diocletian appoints Constantius I and Galerius as caesars.

* 299 – Galerius defeats the Sarmatians and the Carpi

* 311 – Galerius dies at Sardica.

* Galerius Maximianus, Roman emperor, 305 – 311