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Gandhi suggested an agreement which required the Congress and Muslim League to cooperate and attain independence under a provisional government, thereafter, the question of partition could be resolved by a plebiscite in the districts with a Muslim majority.
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Gandhi and suggested
Wilson initially suggested Charlie Chaplin or Adolf Hitler, whom Glass outright rejected, while Glass proposed Mahatma Gandhi ( later the central figure of his opera Satyagraha ).
During the National conference of Indian National Congress at Kakinada, Venkayya suggested that India should have a national flag of its own and Mahatma Gandhi liked this proposal.
When Sardar Patel, K. M. Munshi and other leaders of the Congress went to Gandhi with the proposal of reconstructing the Somnath temple, Gandhi blessed the move, but suggested that the funds for the construction should be collected from the public and the temple should not be funded by the state.
On 1 August, Mahatma Gandhi visited the Maharaja and suggested removal of Kak as chief minister.
In what is known as his Last Will and Testament Gandhi suggested the disbanding of the Congress as a political forum.
Gandhi and agreement
Benazir Bhutto deliberately attempted to warm the relations with neighboring India and met with prime minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1989 where she negotiated for a trade agreement when the Indian premier paid a farewell visit to Pakistan.
The agreement between Gandhi and Irwin was signed on March 5, 1931.
Bhutto visited India to meet Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and negotiated a formal peace agreement and the release of 93, 000 Pakistani prisoners of war.
Churchill responded by sending Cripps to India on a mission (" the Cripps Mission ") to negotiate an agreement with the nationalist leaders Gandhi and Jinnah that would keep India loyal to the British war effort in exchange for a promise of full self-government after the war.
Talks between Jinnah and Gandhi in 1944 in Bombay failed to achieve agreement.
Dhar was a close associate of Indira Gandhi and was instrumental in finalising the 1972 Indo-Bangladesh treaty of peace, friendship and co-operation. He became one of the closest confidants of the Nehru-Gandhi family and also played a significant role in the Shimla agreement between India and Pakistan.
If he could be convinced, Nehru would be able to persuade Gandhi to talk to the Viceroy Lord Irwin and reach an agreement with the British Government in the forthcoming Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
The British Government quickly ratified the agreement and Gandhi ended his fast on 26 September.
During the Conference, Gandhi could not reach agreement with the Muslims on Muslim representation and safeguards.
… Birla then said that the only chance for Federation lay in agreement between Government and Congress and the best hope of this lay in discussion between the Viceroy and Gandhi .”
The Gandhi – Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin on 5 March 1931 before the second Round Table Conference in London.
However, as Homer Jack notes of Gandhi's long correspondence with Jinnah on the topic of Pakistan: " Although Gandhi was personally opposed to the partition of India, he proposed an agreement [...] which provided that the Congress and the Moslem League would cooperate to attain independence under a provisional government, after which the question of partition would be decided by a plebiscite in the districts having a Moslem majority.
Gandhi and which
Some of which are based on Theosophical interpretations and were notably represented by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who made clear throughout his life and his own commentary on the Gita that it was " an allegory in which the battlefield is the soul and Arjuna, man's higher impulses struggling against evil.
In Gandhi ’ s thought, ahimsa precludes not only the act of inflicting a physical injury, but also mental states like evil thoughts and hatred, unkind behavior such as harsh words, dishonesty and lying, all of which he saw as manifestations of violence incompatible with ahimsa. Gandhi believed ahimsa to be a creative energy force, encompassing all interactions leading one's self to find satya, " Divine Truth ".
Given Mountbatten's determination, Nehru and Patel's inability to deal with the Muslim League and lastly Jinnah's obstinacy, all Indian party leaders ( except Gandhi ) acquiesced to Jinnah's plan to divide India, which in turn eased Mountbatten's task.
Nehru's daughter, Indira Gandhi, was able to fulfill her father's dream by the 42nd amendment ( 1976 ) of the Indian constitution by which India officially became " socialist " and " secular ".
In October 1940, Gandhi and Nehru, abandoning their original stand of supporting Britain, decided to launch a limited civil disobedience campaign in which leading advocates of Indian independence were selected to participate one by one.
On 30 January 1948, Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi was shot while he was walking to a platform from which he was to address a prayer meeting.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town which was then part of the Bombay Presidency, British India.
In another incident, the magistrate of a Durban court ordered Gandhi to remove his turban, which he refused to do.
Although Gandhi did not originate the All-India Muslim Conference, which directed the movement in India, he soon became its most prominent spokesman and attracted a strong base of Muslim support with local chapters in all Muslim centers in India.
Gandhi always fought against " communalism ," which pitted Muslims against Hindus in politics, but he could not reverse the rapid growth of communalism after 1922.
On 30 January 1948, Gandhi was shot while he was walking to a platform from which he was to address a prayer meeting.
The ceasefire line came into effect on January 1, 1949, after eighteen months of fighting between Indian forces and Afridi tribals which Pakistan had sent to occupy Kashmir and was last adjusted and agreed upon by the two countries according to the Simla Agreement of July 2, 1972 between Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
The word satyagraha itself was coined through a public contest that Gandhi sponsored through the newspaper he published in South Africa, ' Indian Opinion ', when he realized that neither the common, contemporary Hindu language nor the English language contained a word which fully expressed his own meanings and intentions when he talked about his nonviolent approaches to conflict.
According to Gandhi's autobiography, the contest winner was Maganlal Gandhi ( presumably no relation ), who submitted the entry ' sadagraha ', which Gandhi then modified to ' satyagraha '.
In modern times, it was refined by Mohandas Gandhi ( 1869-1948 ) into the practice of steadfast nonviolent opposition which he called " satyagraha ".
Commenting on the anti-Sikh riots in the national capital Delhi, Rajiv Gandhi said, " When a giant tree falls, the earth below shakes "; a statement for which he was widely criticised.
The shaved head and towel around his waist was similar to Mohandas Gandhi earned him Gandhi as his nickname, which stuck with him for the rest of his life.
* 1932 – Gandhi and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar agree to the Poona Pact, which reserved seats in the Indian provincial legislatures for the " Depressed Classes " ( Untouchables ).
Later he developed a kind of non-traditional Christian philosophy, described in his work The Kingdom of God is Within You which inspired Rainer Maria Rilke and Mohandas Gandhi, then a young lawyer, whose influence extended to Martin Luther King.
Kissinger maintained that Nixon made specific proposals to Gandhi on a solution for the crisis, some of which she heard for the first time ; for example, mutual withdrawal of troops from the Indo-East Pakistan borders.
Gandhi and required
Each dabbawala is also required to contribute a minimum capital in kind, in the form of two bicycles, a wooden crate for the tiffins, white cotton kurta-pyjamas, and the white trademark Gandhi cap ( topi ).
Gandhi and Congress
The Nationalist school has focused on Congress, Gandhi, Nehru and high level politics.
He became Congress President under the mentorship of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
Nehru first met Gandhi in 1916, at the Lucknow session of the Congress.
In the rift that formed within the Congress following the sudden closure of the non-cooperation movement after the Chauri Chaura incident, Nehru remained loyal to Gandhi and did not join the Swaraj Party formed by his father Motilal Nehru and CR Das.
Nehru nominated Gandhi to succeed him as Congress President during his absence in jail, but Gandhi declined, and Nehru then nominated his father as his successor.
When the Congress party under Nehru chose to contest elections and accept power under the Federation scheme, Gandhi resigned from party membership.
Following the Quit India resolution passed by the Congress party in Bombay ( now Mumbai ) on 8 Aug 1942, the entire Congress working committee, including Gandhi and Nehru, was arrested and imprisoned.
The Official Languages Act was eventually amended in 1967 by the Congress Government headed by Indira Gandhi to guarantee the indefinite use of Hindi and English as official languages.
Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, increasing economic self-reliance, and above all for achieving Swaraj — the independence of India from British domination.
Gandhi took leadership of Congress in 1920 and began a steady escalation of demands ( with Intermittent compromises or pauses ) until on 26 January 1930 the Indian National Congress declared the independence of India.
Gandhi and Congress withdrew their support of the Raj when the Viceroy declared war on Germany in September 1939 without consulting anyone.
Tensions escalated until Gandhi demanded immediate independence in 1942 and the British responded by imprisoning him and tens of thousands of Congress leaders for the duration.
In 1919 Gandhi, with his weak position in Congress, decided to broaden his base by increasing his appeal to Muslims.
In 1920 Gandhi became a major leader in Congress.
With Congress now behind him in 1920, Gandhi had the base to employ non-cooperation, non-violence and peaceful resistance as his " weapons " in the struggle against the British Raj.
In December 1921, Gandhi was invested with executive authority on behalf of the Indian National Congress.
In this year, Gandhi was persuaded to preside over the Congress session to be held in Belgaum.
Gandhi pushed through a resolution at the Calcutta Congress in December 1928 calling on the British government to grant India dominion status or face a new campaign of non-cooperation with complete independence for the country as its goal.
Congress in the 1920s appealed to peasants by portraying Gandhi as a sort of messiah ( the long-awaited savior of an entire people ), a strategy that succeeded in incorporating radical forces within the peasantry into the nonviolent resistance movement.
The result was that Gandhi became not only a folk hero but the Congress was widely seen in the villages as his sacred instrument.
Also as a result of the pact, Gandhi was invited to attend the Round Table Conference in London as the sole representative of the Indian National Congress.
In 1934 Gandhi resigned from Congress party membership.
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